scholarly journals Blockchain Applications in Healthcare and Public Health: Increased Transparency (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Elkind Velmovitsky ◽  
Frederico Moreira Bublitz ◽  
Plinio Pelegrini Morita
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Counterfeit Products ◽  
Smart Technologies

BACKGROUND While Big Data and smart technologies allow for the development of precision medicine and predictive models in healthcare, there are still several challenges that need to be addressed before the full potential of this data can be unleashed (e.g., data sharing and interoperability issues, lack of massive genomic datasets, data ownership, and security and privacy of health data). Health companies are exploring the use of Blockchain, a tamperproof and distributed digital ledger, to address some of these challenges. OBJECTIVE Obtain an overview of Blockchain solutions that aim to solve challenges in healthcare from an industry point of view, focusing on solutions being developed by health and technology companies. METHODS We conducted a literature review, following the protocol defined by Levac et al. to analyze the findings in a systematic manner. In addition to traditional databases such as IEEE, PubMed and Google Scholar, we included search and news outlets such as CoinDesk, CoinTelegraph, and Medium. RESULTS Healthcare companies are using Blockchain to improve challenges in 5 key areas: (i) electronic health records - Blockchain can address interoperability issues by creating an overarching mechanism to link disparate personal records, as well as stimulate data sharing by connecting owners and buyers directly; (ii) Drug (and Food) supply chain - Blockchain can provide an auditable log of a product’s provenance and transportation (including information on the conditions in which the product was transported), increasing transparency and eliminating counterfeit products in the supply chain; (iii) health insurance - Blockchain can facilitate the claims management process as well as help users to calculate medical and pharmaceutical benefits; (iv) genomics - by connecting data buyers and owners directly, Blockchain can increase sharing of genomic data, increasing its availability; and (v) consent management - since all participants in a Blockchain network view an immutable version of the truth, Blockchain can provide an immutable and timestamped log of consent, increasing transparency in the consent management process. CONCLUSIONS Blockchain technology can improve on several challenges faced by the healthcare industry today. However, companies must evaluate how Blockchain’s features can affect their systems (e.g., Blockchain being append-only limits the deletion of data stored in the network and distributed systems, although more secure, are less efficient). While these trade-offs need to be taken into account when considering Blockchain solutions, the technology has potential to optimize processes, minimize inefficiencies, and increase trust in all contexts covered in this review.

Distributed Trust Using Blockchain for Efficient Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

2019 ◽  
pp. 248-268
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Nageswar ◽  
Siva Yellampalli
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Business Excellence ◽  
Counterfeit Products ◽  
High Level ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

With traditional ERP systems, there is a lack of networking among suppliers, partners, and logistics providers. So, there is a need to have a holistic view of production and movement of goods from production to last mile delivery. The physical and digital supply chains need to be integrated to ensure secure supply chains that promote business excellence, collaboration among stakeholders, and reduce costs. The high-level view over their supply chains allows them to function better in a multi-channel world. It also helps them identify where to reduce stock without compromising customer service. Otherwise, it leads to a delay in delivery, counterfeit products, thefts, fraud, and cyberpiracy, which may lead to lawsuits and losing of brand image. The tacit function of supply chain management is to provide tracking of specific goods in the supply chain. So, it is imperative to leverage the blockchain technology stack to map multi-enterprise value networks and enable connected multi-modal networks.

Issues and Challenges (Privacy, Security, and Trust) in Blockchain-Based Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-209
Author(s):  
Siddharth M. Nair ◽  
Varsha Ramesh ◽  
Amit Kumar Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Control ◽  
Near Future

The major issues and challenges in blockchain over internet of things are security, privacy, and usability. Confidentiality, authentication, and control are the challenges faced in security issue. Hence, this chapter will discuss the challenges and opportunities from the prospective of security and privacy of data in blockchain (with respect to security and privacy community point of view). Furthermore, the authors will provide some future trends that blockchain technology may adapt in the near future (in brief).

scholarly journals Blockchain-integrated technologies for solving supply chain challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-97
Author(s):  
Dhruman Gohil ◽  
Shivangi Viral Thakker
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Smart Technologies

PurposeBlockchain technology was developed to synchronize the data and transactions over the supply chain network and connected nodes. This paper aims to show how blockchain technology can enhance flexibility and agility in supply chain operations. The integration of blockchain and other recently developed technology can help deal with supply chain uncertainties and other challenges being faced by the industry.Design/methodology/approachThrough an extensive literature review of existing research papers and conversation with supply chain managers, barriers and challenges in the supply chain were identified. Some elements were researched of blockchain technology that can be used to resolve some challenges. Blockchain technology and other technologies integration is developed for implementation in supply chain for better visibility and efficiency of supply chain.FindingsThe challenges in the supply chain are categorized, and the solution is given through the integration of blockchain and other technologies like Internet of Things and artificial intelligence. The integration shows the execution of tasks through blockchain and various technologies in supply chain.Research limitations/implicationsBlockchain in supply chain is finding its strong place in India when compared to developing nations. There is a need for technology experts, supply chain managers and consumers to understand blockchain’s importance. Challenges faced by industries to use blockchain may be analyzed further with real-life industry case studies.Practical implicationsThis research helps enterprises in successful execution of smart technologies in their supply chains. This research helps enterprises in successful execution of smart technologies in their supply chains. Managers and practitioners may use the models developed in real-time implementation. The technologies are described in detail to help the practitioners select the best suitable for their organization.Social implicationsDigital supply chains are finding the way in industries due to lean and efficient nature. It is beneficial to use the smart technologies to make supply chain green and sustainable.Originality/valueThe implementation of the digital supply chain and its challenges are discussed in the research paper. This will work as a platform for research in the area of technologies for supply chain.

International Experience of Using Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Panyukova
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Counterfeit Products

The paper analyzes the advantages of using the blockchain technology in the supply chain management. It is determined that the blockchain will simplify the procedure of the government control over the supply chain and contribute to the implementation of the state policy aiming to reduce the level of counterfeit products and improve the quality of goods entering the retail network, which will have a direct impact on the socio-economic development of the regions. The subject of research is the organizational and technological mechanism of the interaction between business entities in the process of introduction and application of the blockchain technology for supply chain management. The purpose of the paper was to find out how to use the blockchain in logistics in the most effective way. The paper presents the summary of works of Russian and foreign economists and identifies the main areas of existing and prospective blockchain studies, formulates the principles for the promotion of the blockchain technology in logistics and identifies factors that impede the active use of the blockchaining by Russian and foreign businessmen. The necessity of the DLT/blockchain legalization in economic activities and determining the responsibility for including incomplete and/or unreliable information in a distributed ledger is substantiated.

Distributed Trust Using Blockchain for Efficient Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

2021 ◽  
pp. 1129-1145
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Nageswar ◽  
Siva Yellampalli
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Business Excellence ◽  
Counterfeit Products ◽  
High Level ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

With traditional ERP systems, there is a lack of networking among suppliers, partners, and logistics providers. So, there is a need to have a holistic view of production and movement of goods from production to last mile delivery. The physical and digital supply chains need to be integrated to ensure secure supply chains that promote business excellence, collaboration among stakeholders, and reduce costs. The high-level view over their supply chains allows them to function better in a multi-channel world. It also helps them identify where to reduce stock without compromising customer service. Otherwise, it leads to a delay in delivery, counterfeit products, thefts, fraud, and cyberpiracy, which may lead to lawsuits and losing of brand image. The tacit function of supply chain management is to provide tracking of specific goods in the supply chain. So, it is imperative to leverage the blockchain technology stack to map multi-enterprise value networks and enable connected multi-modal networks.

scholarly journals Blockchain Technology Application as an Add-On Feature in Supply Chain Management of Drug Production Process in the Pharmaceutical Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Drug Production ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Data Transparency

The production process is an important process to determine the quality of drugs produced by the pharmaceutical industry. The production process aims to send goods for use by consumers. This process does not have full visibility and uses a manual process to track the movement of ingredients. This results in a lack of data transparency in drug production, a major problem often faced by the pharmaceutical industry in supply chain management. The process without data transparency will reduce the quality and assurance of drugs and the ability to record information in the drug production process. Based on these problems, this study develops a mobile application by implementing a blockchain system to support the system supply chain management process from material sources, production processes to distribution to consumers. This research was conducted with a prototyping model approach in application development and multichain as blockchain technology. This research produces a mobile application with a blockchain system in the supply chain management process. The development of the application ensures that all transaction data is recorded properly and produces information that anyone can see so that the blockchain system becomes transparent, ensures security, data integrity, and makes tracking production information easier.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Blockchain Technology Adoption in Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Hussain ◽  
Md. Akhtaruzzaman Emon ◽  
Toufiq Ahmed Tanna ◽  
Rasel Iqbal Emon ◽  
Md. Mehedi Hassan Onik
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government

The spirit of “blockchain technology” is a distributed database in which saved data is transparent, accountable, public, immutable, and traceable. This base-level disruptive technology can boost the security and privacy-related efficiency of various domains. As Bangladesh is currently aiming for sustainable development, blockchain technology adoption by the local researchers is growing robustly. However, in Bangladesh, the blockchain Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is not yet well structured which is also limiting the perspective of local developers and researchers. Therefore, sectors like governance, healthcare, security, privacy, farming, information authentication, cryptocurrencies, internet architecture, data, and so on are unable to utilize the full potential of this technology. In this research, the authors conduct an in-depth review of such types of blockchain technology-related research articles that have been published recently and are also solely focused on Bangladesh. From 5 publishers (IEEE Xplore, ACM, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, and SpringerLink) this study analyses 70 articles published during the year 2016-2020. The study results find the top 13 sectors where Bangladeshi researchers are currently focusing on. Those studies identify that the rigid policy by the government, scarcity of expert researchers, and lack of resources are the main reasons why Bangladesh is still struggling to accommodate blockchain extensively. In addition, published papers are mostly based on theoretical concepts without an appropriate implementation. Finally, this study will be a great resource to the developers, entrepreneurs, and technology enthusiasts to determine the strategic plan for adopting blockchain technology in Bangladesh or even to any other developing country.

The Integration of the Blockchain Technology Into Wine Tourism

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-209
Author(s):  
Çiğdem Unurlu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Model ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Block Chain

The aim of this study is to offer some suggestions to both the tourism industry and the practitioners in terms of making wine tourism and wine supply chain more transparent and traceable. From this point of view, in the current study, in which the blockchain technology in wine supply chain is examined, first the technology of block chain has comprehensively been assessed, and later the operational principles of blockchain technology are discussed. Afterwards, the blockchain technology was attempted to be integrated into wine tourism and wine supply chain. Hence, a new model was proposed. In this respect, the outputs that can be obtained via the use of blockchain technology in wine tourism and wine supply chain are revealed in this study.

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