scholarly journals Assessment of a Personal Interactive Carbon Monoxide Breath Sensor in People Who Smoke Cigarettes: Single-Arm Cohort Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D Marler ◽  
Craig A Fujii ◽  
Kristine S Wong ◽  
Joseph A Galanko ◽  
Daniel J Balbierz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Existing evidence-based treatments are underutilized and have seen little recent innovation. The success of personal biofeedback interventions in other disease states portends a similar opportunity in smoking cessation. The Pivot Breath Sensor is a personal interactive FDA-cleared (over-the-counter) device that measures carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaled breath, enabling users to link their smoking behavior and CO values, and track their progress in reducing or quitting smoking. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess the Pivot Breath Sensor in people who smoke cigarettes, evaluating changes in attitudes toward quitting smoking, changes in smoking behavior, and use experience. METHODS US adults (18-80 years of age, ≥10 cigarettes per day [CPD]) were recruited online for this remote 12-week study. Participants completed a screening call, informed consent, and baseline questionnaire, and then were mailed their sensor. Participants were asked to submit 4 or more breath samples per day and complete questionnaires at 1-4, 8, and 12 weeks. Outcomes included attitudes toward quitting smoking (Stage of Change, success to quit, and perceived difficulty of quitting), smoking behavior (quit attempts, CPD reduction, and 7-, 30-day point prevalence abstinence [PPA]), and use experience (impact and learning). RESULTS Participants comprised 234 smokers, mean age 39.9 (SD 11.3) years, 52.6% (123/234) female, mean CPD 20.3 (SD 8.0). The 4- and 12-week questionnaires were completed by 92.3% (216/234) and 91.9% (215/234) of participants, respectively. Concerning attitude outcomes, at baseline, 15.4% (36/234) were seriously thinking of quitting in the next 30 days, increasing to 38.9% (84/216) at 4 weeks and 47.9% (103/215) at 12 weeks (both <i>P</i>&lt;.001). At 12 weeks, motivation to quit was increased in 39.1% (84/215), unchanged in 54.9% (118/215), and decreased in 6.0% (13/215; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). Additional attitudes toward quitting improved from baseline to 12 weeks: success to quit 3.3 versus 5.0 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and difficulty of quitting 2.8 versus 4.3 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Regarding smoking behavior, at 4 weeks, 28.2% (66/234) had made 1 or more quit attempts (≥1 day of abstinence), increasing to 48.3% (113/234) at 12 weeks. At 4 weeks, 23.1% (54/234) had reduced CPD by 50% or more, increasing to 38.5% (90/234) at 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, CPD decreased by 41.1% from baseline (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), and 7- and 30-day PPA were 12.0% (28/234) and 6.0% (14/234), respectively. Concerning use experience, 75.3% (171/227) reported the sensor increased their motivation to quit. More than 90% (&gt;196/214) indicated the sensor taught them about their CO levels and smoking behavior, and 73.1% (166/227) reported that seeing their CO values made them want to quit smoking. CONCLUSIONS Use of the Pivot Breath Sensor resulted in a significant increase in motivation to quit, a reduction in CPD, and favorable quit attempt rates. These outcomes confer increased likelihood of quitting smoking. Accordingly, the results support a role for biofeedback via personal CO breath sampling in smoking cessation. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04133064; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04133064

scholarly journals Assessment of a Personal Interactive Carbon Monoxide Breath Sensor in People Who Smoke Cigarettes: Single-Arm Cohort Study

10.2196/22811 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e22811
Author(s):  
Jennifer D Marler ◽  
Craig A Fujii ◽  
Kristine S Wong ◽  
Joseph A Galanko ◽  
Daniel J Balbierz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

Background Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Existing evidence-based treatments are underutilized and have seen little recent innovation. The success of personal biofeedback interventions in other disease states portends a similar opportunity in smoking cessation. The Pivot Breath Sensor is a personal interactive FDA-cleared (over-the-counter) device that measures carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaled breath, enabling users to link their smoking behavior and CO values, and track their progress in reducing or quitting smoking. Objective The objective of this study is to assess the Pivot Breath Sensor in people who smoke cigarettes, evaluating changes in attitudes toward quitting smoking, changes in smoking behavior, and use experience. Methods US adults (18-80 years of age, ≥10 cigarettes per day [CPD]) were recruited online for this remote 12-week study. Participants completed a screening call, informed consent, and baseline questionnaire, and then were mailed their sensor. Participants were asked to submit 4 or more breath samples per day and complete questionnaires at 1-4, 8, and 12 weeks. Outcomes included attitudes toward quitting smoking (Stage of Change, success to quit, and perceived difficulty of quitting), smoking behavior (quit attempts, CPD reduction, and 7-, 30-day point prevalence abstinence [PPA]), and use experience (impact and learning). Results Participants comprised 234 smokers, mean age 39.9 (SD 11.3) years, 52.6% (123/234) female, mean CPD 20.3 (SD 8.0). The 4- and 12-week questionnaires were completed by 92.3% (216/234) and 91.9% (215/234) of participants, respectively. Concerning attitude outcomes, at baseline, 15.4% (36/234) were seriously thinking of quitting in the next 30 days, increasing to 38.9% (84/216) at 4 weeks and 47.9% (103/215) at 12 weeks (both P<.001). At 12 weeks, motivation to quit was increased in 39.1% (84/215), unchanged in 54.9% (118/215), and decreased in 6.0% (13/215; P<.001). Additional attitudes toward quitting improved from baseline to 12 weeks: success to quit 3.3 versus 5.0 (P<.001) and difficulty of quitting 2.8 versus 4.3 (P<.001). Regarding smoking behavior, at 4 weeks, 28.2% (66/234) had made 1 or more quit attempts (≥1 day of abstinence), increasing to 48.3% (113/234) at 12 weeks. At 4 weeks, 23.1% (54/234) had reduced CPD by 50% or more, increasing to 38.5% (90/234) at 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, CPD decreased by 41.1% from baseline (P<.001), and 7- and 30-day PPA were 12.0% (28/234) and 6.0% (14/234), respectively. Concerning use experience, 75.3% (171/227) reported the sensor increased their motivation to quit. More than 90% (>196/214) indicated the sensor taught them about their CO levels and smoking behavior, and 73.1% (166/227) reported that seeing their CO values made them want to quit smoking. Conclusions Use of the Pivot Breath Sensor resulted in a significant increase in motivation to quit, a reduction in CPD, and favorable quit attempt rates. These outcomes confer increased likelihood of quitting smoking. Accordingly, the results support a role for biofeedback via personal CO breath sampling in smoking cessation. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04133064; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04133064

scholarly journals History and Correlates of Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1492-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Fen Lubitz ◽  
Alex Flitter ◽  
E Paul Wileyto ◽  
Douglas Ziedonis ◽  
Nathaniel Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Smoking Cessation Advice ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts

Abstract Introduction Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke at rates two to three times greater than the general population but are less likely to receive treatment. Increasing our understanding of correlates of smoking cessation behaviors in this group can guide intervention development. Aims and Methods Baseline data from an ongoing trial involving smokers with SMI (N = 482) were used to describe smoking cessation behaviors (ie, quit attempts, quit motivation, and smoking cessation treatment) and correlates of these behaviors (ie, demographics, attitudinal and systems-related variables). Results Forty-three percent of the sample did not report making a quit attempt in the last year, but 44% reported making one to six quit attempts; 43% and 20%, respectively, reported wanting to quit within the next 6 months or the next 30 days. Sixty-one percent used a smoking cessation medication during their quit attempt, while 13% utilized counseling. More quit attempts were associated with lower nicotine dependence and carbon monoxide and greater beliefs about the harms of smoking. Greater quit motivation was associated with lower carbon monoxide, minority race, benefits of cessation counseling, and importance of counseling within the clinic. A greater likelihood of using smoking cessation medications was associated with being female, smoking more cigarettes, and receiving smoking cessation advice. A greater likelihood of using smoking cessation counseling was associated with being male, greater academic achievement, and receiving smoking cessation advice. Conclusions Many smokers with SMI are engaged in efforts to quit smoking. Measures of smoking cessation behavior are associated with tobacco use indicators, beliefs about smoking, race and gender, and receiving cessation advice. Implications Consideration of factors related to cessation behaviors among smokers with SMI continues to be warranted, due to their high smoking rates compared to the general population. Increasing our understanding of these predictive characteristics can help promote higher engagement in evidence-based smoking cessation treatments among this subpopulation.

Takore i te Kai Ava’ava (Quit smoking), a mCessation Program Adapted for the Cook Islands: Indicators of Potential for Tobacco Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 714-720
Author(s):  
Teinatangi Ringi ◽  
Josephine Aumea Herman ◽  
Maina Tairi ◽  
Rosie Dobson ◽  
Vili Nosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cook Islands ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Evidence Of Impact

Mobile phone–based smoking cessation interventions (mCessation) are an established evidence-based intervention designed to support smokers to quit. Evidence of impact to date is modestly positive but skewed in favor of high-resourced countries, with less evidence of value added to low-resourced settings. Takore i te Kai Ava’ava, a text message–based smoking cessation program, was delivered to smokers living on the island of Rarotonga in 2019. Eighty-eight smokers consented to take part. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire about current smoking behavior and previous quit attempts; follow-up measures at 2 months assess quit attempts feedback on the program. Thirty-two people completed the follow-up interviews; 10 (31%) had not smoked in the past 7 days, 23 (72%) reported a serious quit attempt, and 29 (91%) felt the program was effective for the Cook Islands. Takore i te Kai Ava’ava was deemed to be highly acceptable and potentially cost-effective.

scholarly journals Smoking-Related Stigma: A Public Health Tool or a Damaging Force?

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Lozano ◽  
James F Thrasher ◽  
Melinda Forthofer ◽  
James Hardin ◽  
Luz Myriam Reynales Shigematsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Lower Likelihood ◽  
Related Stigma

Abstract Background Tobacco control policies and other denormalization strategies may reduce tobacco use by stigmatizing smoking. This raises an important question: Does perceived smoking-related stigma contribute to a smoker’s decision to quit? The aim of this study was to evaluate if perceived smoking-related stigma was associated with smoking cessation outcomes among smokers in Mexico and Uruguay. Methods We analyzed prospective data from a panel of adult smokers who participated in the 2008–2012 administrations of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Surveys in Mexico and Uruguay. We defined two analytic samples of participants: the quit behavior sample (n = 3896 Mexico; n = 1525 Uruguay) and the relapse sample (n = 596 Mexico). Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate if different aspects of perceived stigma (ie, discomfort, marginalization, and negative stereotype) at baseline were associated with smoking cessation outcomes at follow-up. Results We found that perceived smoking-related stigma was associated with a higher likelihood of making a quit attempt in Uruguay but with a lower likelihood of successful quitting in Mexico. Conclusions This study suggests that perceived smoking-related stigma may be associated with more quit attempts, but less successful quitting among smokers. It is possible that once stigma is internalized by smokers, it may function as a damaging force. Future studies should evaluate the influence of internalized stigma on smoking behavior. Implications Although perceived smoking-related stigma may prompt smokers to quit smoking, smoking stigma may also serve as a damaging force for some individuals, making quitting more difficult. This study found that perceived smoking-related stigma was associated with a higher likelihood of making a quit attempt in Uruguay but with a lower likelihood of successful quitting in Mexico.

scholarly journals Behavioral and Subjective Effects of Reducing Nicotine in Cigarettes: A Cessation Commentary

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S19-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E Piper ◽  
David J Drobes ◽  
Natalie Walker
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Moderate Evidence ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
Cigarette Dependence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This commentary addresses critical questions regarding the impact of the reduction of nicotine on changes in smoking behavior. There appears to be moderate evidence that use of reduced nicotine cigarettes (RNC) increases the likelihood of making a quit attempt among smokers unmotivated to quit and among smokers motivated to quit who also used nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). There was limited evidence that RNC combined with NRT increased smoking abstinence, regardless of motivation to quit. Several plausible mechanisms via which RNC may influence smoking behavior, including reducing dependence, are reviewed. The moderate evidence that abrupt reduction in nicotine reduces self-reported dependence as well as smoking behavior and likelihood of relapse is also reviewed. The data reviewed here suggest that abrupt switching to, and extended use of, RNC can reduce cigarette dependence and several related constructs, including the ability to quit smoking. The data reviewed in this commentary suggest that abrupt reduction in the level of nicotine in combustible cigarettes could reduce smoking behavior, nicotine dependence, and other related constructs and increase quit attempts and eventual smoking cessation.

Smokers with and without Epilepsy show Similar Smoking Rate, Dependence Level, Cessation Attempts, and Motives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne L Johnson ◽  
Alison C McLeish ◽  
Paula K Shear ◽  
Michael Privitera ◽  
Christina M Luberto
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Smoking Rate ◽  
Smoking Onset ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Smoking Duration

Abstract Background Individuals with epilepsy are up to twice as likely to be current cigarette smokers compared to those without. Moreover, one study showed current smoking is associated with an increased likelihood of seizures. However, outside of this one study, there is limited data on the presentation of specific smoking-related behaviors and cognitions in people with epilepsy, inhibiting our understanding of the severity of this behavior and our ability to formulate effective treatments for this population. Purpose The current study examined smoking-related behaviors and cognitions among smokers with epilepsy compared to smokers without epilepsy. Methods Participants were 43 smokers with (Mage = 43.4, SD = 11.6) and 43 smokers without (Mage = 45.5, SD = 8.8) epilepsy recruited from an urban, academic setting within the U.S. Separate Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted to evaluate differences between smokers with and without epilepsy in terms of smoking behavior (i.e., daily smoking rate, nicotine dependence, number of quit attempts, smoking duration, age of smoking onset) and smoking-related cognitive processes (i.e., smoking motives, perceived barriers to smoking cessation, cessation motives) after controlling for race and problematic alcohol use. Results Smokers with epilepsy did not differ from smokers without epilepsy in terms of smoking rate (p = .51, ηp2 = .01), nicotine dependence (p = .12, ηp2 = .03), age of smoking onset (p = .42, ηp2 = .01), number of quit attempts (p = .43, ηp2 = .01), barriers to cessation (p = .30 to .80, ηp2 = .00 to .01), or cessation motives (p = .28 to .60, ηp2 = .00 to .02). Smokers without epilepsy reported higher levels of smoking for sensorimotor manipulation reasons (p = .03, ηp2 = .06) and longer smoking duration (p = .03, ηp2 = .06) than smokers with epilepsy. Conclusions Smokers with epilepsy do not appear to differ significantly from smokers without epilepsy in terms of smoking-related behaviors and cognitions, and may therefore benefit from current evidence-based treatments for smoking cessation that are not contraindicated for epilepsy (i.e., bupropion, varenicline).

scholarly journals Predictive Power of Dependence Measures for Quitting Smoking. Findings From the 2016 to 2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Le Grande ◽  
Ron Borland ◽  
Hua-Hie Yong ◽  
K Michael Cummings ◽  
Ann McNeill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Dependence Measure ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Dependence Measures ◽  
Variance Explained

Abstract Introduction To test whether urges to smoke and perceived addiction to smoking have independent predictive value for quit attempts and short-term quit success over and above the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI). Aims and Methods Data were from the International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Wave 1 (2016) and Wave 2 (2018) surveys. About 3661 daily smokers (daily vapers excluded) provided data in both waves. A series of multivariable logistic regression models assessed the association of each dependence measure on odds of making a quit attempt and at least 1-month smoking abstinence. Results Of the 3661 participants, 1594 (43.5%) reported a quit attempt. Of those who reported a quit attempt, 546 (34.9%) reported short-term quit success. Fully adjusted models showed that making quit attempts was associated with lower HSI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.73 to 0.90, p &lt; .001), stronger urges to smoke (aOR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.20, p = .002), and higher perceived addiction to smoking (aOR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.84, p = .008). Lower HSI (aOR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.87, p &lt; .001), weaker urges to smoke (aOR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.95, p = .006), and lower perceived addiction to smoking (aOR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.91, p = .021) were associated with greater odds of short-term quit success. In both cases, overall R2 was around 0.5. Conclusions The two additional dependence measures were complementary to HSI adding explanatory power to smoking cessation models, but variance explained remains small. Implications Strength of urges to smoke and perceived addiction to smoking may significantly improve prediction of cessation attempts and short-term quit success over and above routinely assessed demographic variables and the HSI. Stratification of analyses by age group is recommended because the relationship between dependence measures and outcomes differs significantly for younger (aged 18–39) compared to older (aged older than 40) participants. Even with the addition of these extra measures of dependence, the overall variance explained in predicting smoking cessation outcomes remains very low. These measures can only be thought of as assessing some aspects of dependence. Current understanding of the factors that ultimately determine quit success remains limited.

scholarly journals Does free or lower cost smoking cessation medication stimulate quitting? Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands and UK Surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. s61-s67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floor A van den Brand ◽  
Gera E Nagelhout ◽  
Karin Hummel ◽  
Marc C Willemsen ◽  
Ann McNeill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Education Groups

ObjectiveTo investigate whether mentioning free or lower cost smoking cessation medication as a trigger for thinking about quitting is related to higher medication use, more quit attempts and quit success, and whether these associations are modified by education and income.MethodsData were derived from the 2013 and 2014 surveys of the International Tobacco Control Netherlands (n=1164) and UK (n=768) cohort. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between mentioning in 2013 that free/lower cost smoking cessation medication was a trigger for thinking about quitting smoking and the use of medication, quit attempts and smoking cessation in 2014.Results37.0% of smokers in the UK and 24.9% of smokers in the Netherlands mentioned free/lower cost medication as a trigger for thinking about quitting. Smokers who mentioned this trigger were more likely to have used cessation medication during a quit attempt both in the UK (OR=4.19, p<0.001) and in the Netherlands (OR=2.14, p=0.033). The association between mentioning free/lower cost medication as a trigger for thinking about quitting and actual quit attempts was significant in the UK (OR=1.45, p=0.030), but not in the Netherlands (OR=1.10, p=0.587). There was no significant association with quit success. Associations did not differ across income and education groups.ConclusionFree/lower cost smoking cessation medication may increase the use of cessation medication and stimulate quit attempts among smokers with low, moderate and high education and income.

Facebook Chat Application to Prompt and Assist Smoking Cessation Among Spanish-Speaking Young Adults in South Texas

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110262
Author(s):  
Patricia Chalela ◽  
Alfred L. McAlister ◽  
David Akopian ◽  
Edgar Munoz ◽  
Cliff Despres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Facebook Advertising

Given how smart phones, internet services, and social media have shown great potential for assisting smoking cessation, we constructed a Facebook chat application based on our previous work with SMS texting services. This report summarizes findings from 2,364 Spanish-speaking young adults recruited through Facebook advertising in South Texas during the 2020 New Year holiday season. Among these service users, 926 (39%) were ready to make a quit attempt, and 26 (3.1%) of those users reported that they were tobacco free 1 month later. There were no responses to a chat question survey 72 days after the dates selected for quitting. Although more research with longer follow up is needed, these findings show that social media chat applications may be helpful for at least prompting quit attempts and short-term cessation among young adult Spanish-speaking smokers. There is no evidence of an impact on long-term cessation, and more research is clearly needed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of providing free nicotine replacement chewing gum to induce quit attempts in tobacco users- A prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Rohini Sharma ◽  
Umashankar G K ◽  
Shuhaib Rahman ◽  
Somanath Patil
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Nicotine Replacement ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

To assess the effectiveness of providing free NRT to tobacco users in increasing quit attempts and to assess the perception of adherence, side effects and safety issues related to the usage in increasing quit attempt. A observational study was conducted to motivate tobacco users to have a quit attempt with a nicotine replacement sample among patients visiting out-patient department of a dental college. Baseline evaluation (demographic), Modified Fagerstrom test for Nicotine Dependence (MFTND) to assess nicotine addiction level, “breath analyzer” for the quantitative detection of levels of carbon monoxide were assessed. A free NRT sample was given. Telephonic follow up was done at an interval of 2 weeks, 1 month to assess the reduction in the mean MFTND score and to assess the perception of using NRT sample. All data was entered and analysed in SPSS for Windows version 22. Among the 40 subjects 80% were in the age group of 30-50 years and were males. The levels of carbon monoxide using breath analyser showed 80% of the subjects as heavy and chain smokers. Out of 40 subjects, 29 (72.5%) subjects were having high dependence calculated using MFTND which reduced to 2(5%) after using nicotine chewing gum. The mean and standard deviation of pre MFTND was 7.97±2.35 and for post MFTND it was 5.57±2.14 and the difference was highly significant (p&#60; 0.005).: The results of this study confirm the efficacy of providing free nicotine replacement sample a novel strategy in motivating tobacco users to induce quit attempt.

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