Factors for Adoption of Tracking Technology for Clinical and Supply Chain Use in US Hospitals: A Longitudinal Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhu ◽  
Youyou Tao ◽  
Ruilin Zhu ◽  
Dezhi Wu ◽  
Wai-kit Ming
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Implementation Rate ◽  
Hospital Affiliation ◽  
Tracking Technology ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hospital Characteristics

BACKGROUND Despite an increasing adoption rate of the tracking technologies (e.g., radio-frequency identification (RFID) and barcode) for hospitals in the United States (U.S.), scarce empirical studies examined hospital size, location, and types of hospital affiliations that are associated with the uptake, leaving the understanding towards the trend unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the hospital characteristics, geographic location, and hospital affiliation type attributive to adopting tracking technologies with a longitudinal dataset, and to compare critical factors associated with tracking technologies adoption for clinical and supply chain uses. We assume that hospital characteristics and hospital location have more impact on tracking technologies for clinical use, and types of hospital affiliation would have more impact on tracking technologies for supply chain use. METHODS This study was conducted based on national census data obtained from the American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey and an AHA Information Technology Supplement survey. In the analysis, 3623 hospitals across 50 states in the U.S. from 2012 to 2015 were included. The effects of the hospital characteristics, location, and types of hospital affiliations were captured and assessed using population logistic regression models with the adjustment of the innate development of tracking technology over time. RESULTS We find that the proportion of hospitals where tracking technologies were implemented for clinical use increased from 36.3% to 54.6%, whilst that for supply chain increased from 28.6% to 41.3%. We also find that time effect and hospital size positively impact the hospital implementation of tracking technologies for both clinical and supply chain use. The implementation rate of tracking technologies for clinical use increased for the hospitals affiliated to the health systems compared to those that are not but decreased in the hospitals located in the rural area in contrast to those located in metro and micro areas. Over time, the implementation rate of tracking technologies for supply chain use increased for the hospital affiliated to a more centralized health system, against decentralized/independent or moderately centralized hospitals but decreased for for-profit hospitals compared to not-for-profit hospitals. CONCLUSIONS We provide a census assessment of tracking technologies adoption, including RFID and barcode in U.S. hospitals for clinical and supply chain uses, and offer a comprehensive overview of the hospital characteristics, location, and types of hospital affiliations associated with the tracking technology adoption. This study informs researchers, healthcare providers, and policymakers that hospital characteristics, location, and types of hospital affiliations have different impacts on both the level and rate of implementation of certain tracking technologies for clinical and for supply chain use. This study also has implications for developing smart hospitals using tracking technology infrastructure.

Hospital Characteristics Affecting HealthCare Chaplaincy and the Provision of Chaplaincy Care in the United States: 2004 vs. 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Handzo ◽  
Kevin J. Flannelly ◽  
Brian P. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Nonprofit Hospitals ◽  
Religiously Affiliated ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Current Survey ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hospital Characteristics

This study replicates, expands and analyzes a 2004 survey examining six hospital characteristics influencing three measures of chaplain employment in large, small, for-profit and nonprofit hospitals. The relationship between hospital characteristics and hiring Board Certified Chaplains was minor and inconsistent across time. The results indicate that religiously affiliated hospitals employed more full-time chaplains and that chaplain full-time equivalents were inversely related to hospital size in both surveys. The current survey suggests that urban and religiously affiliated hospitals were more likely to hire chaplains. The sampling method proved problematic, precluding meaningful conclusions but the study focus and questions remain important for future investigation based on this pilot effort.

scholarly journals Interrupted Time-Series for the Evaluation of Affordable Care Act Impact on Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Brain Metastases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Beydoun ◽  
Shuyan Huang ◽  
May Beydoun ◽  
Shaker Eid ◽  
Alan Zonderman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hospital Characteristics

Abstract Background: The 2010 Affordable Care Act aimed at reducing healthcare costs, improving healthcare quality and expanding health insurance coverage among uninsured individuals in the United States. We examined trends in utilization of radiation therapies and stereotactic radiosurgery before and after its implementation among U.S. adults hospitalized with brain metastasis.Methods: Interrupted time-series analyses of data on 383934 2005-2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample hospitalizations were performed, whereby yearly and quarterly cross-sectional data were evaluated and Affordable Care Act implementation was considered the main exposure variable, stratifying by patient and hospital characteristics. Results: We observed consistently declining trends in radiation therapy over time and post-Affordable Care Act status with variability in level of utilization among specific sub-groups. Stereotactic radiosurgery prevalence increased over time among Hispanics, elective admissions, Midwestern hospitals, non-teaching hospitals and hospitals with medium bed size. Post-Affordable Care Act was associated with increased stereotactic radiosurgery prevalence among African-Americans, non-elective and weekend admissions, with changes in slope in the context of weekend admissions and hospitals with large bed size. Conclusions: Whereas hospitalized adults in the United States utilized less radiation therapy and slightly more stereotactic radiosurgery over the ten-year period, utilization levels and trends were not consistent among distinct sub-groups defined by patient and hospital characteristics, with some traditionally underserved populations more likely to receive healthcare services post-Affordable Care Act implementation. The Affordable Care Act may be helpful at reducing the need for radiation therapy and closing the gap in access to technological advances such as stereotactic radiosurgery for treating brain metastases.

Are Cattle Markets the Last Frontier? Vertical Coordination in Animal-Based Procurement Markets

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Crespi ◽  
Tina L. Saitone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Vertical Coordination ◽  
Cattle Markets ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Over Time

Vertical integration and contracting have been documented as important developments in enhancing the efficiency of supply chains in agriculture. Despite the efficiency gains, movement toward greater integration remains controversial. Meanwhile, the diffusion of these alternative procurement mechanisms has been heterogeneous over time and across commodities. In this review we compare and contrast the livestock and poultry industries in the United States to provide insights into the future of integration and coordination throughout the beef cattle supply chain. While similarities exist across livestock and poultry industries, there are significant differences that placed the beef industry on a different trajectory, with a variety of structural and biological factors that have limited the industry's progression toward greater integration.

Preparation and Application of Nanosensor in Safeguarding Heparin Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
Yiling Bi ◽  
Khoi Dang Le ◽  
Gurusankar Ramamoorthy ◽  
Balagurunathan Kuberan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Sensitive Tool ◽  
Oversulfated Chondroitin Sulfate

Heparin has been in clinical use as an anticoagulant for the last eight decades and used worldwide in more than 100 million medical procedures every year. This lifesaving drug is predominantly obtained from ~700 million pig intestines or bovine organs through millions of small and medium-sized slaughterhouses. However, the preparations from animal sources have raised many safety concerns, including the contamination of heparin with potential pathogens, proteins, and other impurities. In fact, contaminated heparin preparations caused 149 deaths in several countries, including the United States, Germany, and Japan in 2008, highlighting the need for implementing sensitive and simple analytical techniques to monitor and safeguard the heparin supply chain. The contaminant responsible for the adverse effects in 2008 was identified as oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS). We have developed a very sensitive, facile method of detecting OSCS in heparin lots using a nanosensor, a gold nanoparticle–heparin dye conjugate. The sensor is an excellent substrate for heparitinase enzyme, which cleaves the heparin polymer into smaller disaccharide fragments, and therefore facilitates recovery of fluorescence from the dye upon heparitinase treatment. However, the presence of OSCS results in diminished fluorescence recovery from the nanosensor upon heparitinase treatment, because OSCS inhibits the enzyme. The newly designed nanosensor can detect as low as 1 × 10–9% (w/w) OSCS, making it the most sensitive tool available to date for the detection of trace amounts of OSCS in pharmaceutical heparins. In this report, we describe a simple methodology for the preparation of nanosensor and its application in the detection of OSCS contaminants.

Applicability of management guidelines for surfing resources in California

Shore & Beach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Edward Atkin ◽  
Dan Reineman ◽  
Jesse Reiblich ◽  
David Revell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Surf breaks are finite, valuable, and vulnerable natural resources, that not only influence community and cultural identities, but are a source of revenue and provide a range of health benefits. Despite these values, surf breaks largely lack recognition as coastal resources and therefore the associated management measures required to maintain them. Some countries, especially those endowed with high-quality surf breaks and where the sport of surfing is accepted as mainstream, have recognized the value of surfing resources and have specific policies for their conservation. In Aotearoa New Zealand surf breaks are included within national environmental policy. Aotearoa New Zealand has recently produced Management Guidelines for Surfing Resources (MGSR), which were developed in conjunction with universities, regional authorities, not-for-profit entities, and government agencies. The MGSR provide recommendations for both consenting authorities and those wishing to undertake activities in the coastal marine area, as well as tools and techniques to aid in the management of surfing resources. While the MGSR are firmly aligned with Aotearoa New Zealand’s cultural and legal frameworks, much of their content is applicable to surf breaks worldwide. In the United States, there are several national-level and state-level statutes that are generally relevant to various aspects of surfing resources, but there is no law or policy that directly addresses them. This paper describes the MGSR, considers California’s existing governance frameworks, and examines the potential benefits of adapting and expanding the MGSR in this state.

An Analysis of Fraudulent Qui Tam Actions Over Time in the United States

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Fitzner ◽  
Charlie Bennett ◽  
June McKoy ◽  
Cara Tigue
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Over Time

Cooperative trust and trustworthiness in China and the United States: Does guanxi make a difference?

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hanjing Huang ◽  
Pei-Luen Patrick Rau
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Special Form ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Different Cultures

Our aim was to investigate and compare the effects of cooperating with either a friend or a stranger in a business context on trust and trustworthiness in 2 different cultures. In China, guanxi is a special form of personal relationship in which the exchange partners bond through reciprocal obligations. We conducted cooperation experiments based on the supply chain task in which Chinese and U.S. participants cooperated with their friends and with strangers. The results indicated that both Chinese and U.S. participants had higher levels of trust and trustworthiness for their friends than for strangers. Moreover, Chinese participants made a stronger distinction between friends and strangers than did U.S. participants. In addition, Chinese participants had lower levels of trust and trustworthiness than did U.S. participants. The cooperation experiments enrich the theoretical field of investigating the effects of personal relationships on cooperative trust and trustworthiness, and provide practical value to the management of business cooperation in different cultures.

Forecasting Interconnections in International Housing Markets: Evidence from the Dynamic Model Averaging Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-103
Author(s):  
Hardik A. Marfatia
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Model Averaging ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
The United States ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Dynamic Model Averaging ◽  
Over Time

In this paper, I undertake a novel approach to uncover the forecasting interconnections in the international housing markets. Using a dynamic model averaging framework that allows both the coefficients and the entire forecasting model to dynamically change over time, I uncover the intertwined forecasting relationships in 23 leading international housing markets. The evidence suggests significant forecasting interconnections in these markets. However, no country holds a constant forecasting advantage, including the United States and the United Kingdom, although the U.S. housing market's predictive power has increased over time. Evidence also suggests that allowing the forecasting model to change is more important than allowing the coefficients to change over time.

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