Dashboards in Healthcare Settings: A Scoping Review Protocol (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Healthcare organizations increasingly depend on business intelligence tools, including “dashboards,” to capture, analyze, and present data on performance metrics. Ideally, dashboards allow users to quickly visualize actionable data to inform and optimize clinical and organizational performance. In reality, dashboards are typically embedded in complex healthcare organizations, with massive data streams, and end users with distinct needs. Thus, designing effective dashboards is a challenging task. Yet, theoretical underpinnings of healthcare dashboards are poorly characterized; even the concept of the dashboard remains ill-defined. Researchers, informaticists, clinical managers, and healthcare administrators will benefit from a clearer understanding of how dashboards have been developed, implemented, and evaluated, and how the design, end-user, and context influence their uptake and effectiveness. OBJECTIVE This scoping review first aims to survey the vast published literature of “dashboards” to describe where, why, and for whom they are used in healthcare settings, as well as how they are developed, implemented, and evaluated. Further, we will examine how dashboard design and content is informed by intended purpose and end-users. METHODS In July 2020, we searched Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for peer-reviewed literature using a targeted strategy developed with a research librarian and retrieved 5,188 results. Following deduplication, 3,306 studies were screened in duplicate for title and abstract. Any abstracts mentioning a healthcare dashboard were retrieved in full-text and are undergoing duplicate review for eligibility. Articles will be included for data extraction and analysis if they describe the development, implementation, or evaluation of a dashboard that was successfully used in routine workflow. Articles will be excluded if they were published before 2015, unavailable in full-text, in a non-English language, or describe dashboards used for public health tracking, in settings where direct patient care is not provided, or in undergraduate medical education. Any discrepancies in eligibility determination will be adjudicated by a third reviewer. We chose to focus on articles published after 2015 and those that describe dashboards that were successfully used in routine practice to identify the most recent and relevant literature to support future dashboard development in the rapidly evolving field of healthcare informatics. RESULTS All articles have undergone dual review for title and abstract, with 2,019 articles mentioning use of a healthcare dashboard retrieved in full-text for further review. We are currently reviewing all full-text articles in duplicate. We aim to publish findings by summer of 2022. Findings will be reported following guidance from the PRISMA-ScR checklist. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review will provide stakeholders with an overview of existing dashboard tools, highlighting the ways in which dashboards have been developed, implemented, and evaluated in different settings and end-user groups, and identify potential research gaps. Findings will guide efforts to design and utilize dashboards in the healthcare sector more effectively.

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Value that matters: intellectual capital and big data to assess performance in healthcare. An empirical analysis on the European context

Journal of Intellectual Capital ◽

10.1108/jic-02-2020-0067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Ginevra Gravili ◽

Francesco Manta ◽

Concetta Lucia Cristofaro ◽

Rocco Reina ◽

Pierluigi Toma

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Organizational Performance ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Healthcare Sector ◽

Healthcare Organizations ◽

Content Type ◽

Structural Capital ◽

And Performance ◽

The Relationship

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to analyze and measure the effects of intellectual capital (IC), i.e. human capital (HC), relational capital (RC) and structural capital (SC), on healthcare industry organizational performance and understanding the role of data analytics and big data (BD) in healthcare value creation (Wang et al., 2018). Through the assessment of determined variables specific for each component of IC, the paper identifies the guidelines and suggests propositions for a more efficient response in terms of services provided to citizens and, specifically, patients, as well as predicting effective strategies to improve the care management efficiency in terms of cost reduction.Design/methodology/approachThe study has a twofold approach: in the first part, the authors operated a systematic review of the academic literature aiming to enquire the relationship between IC, big data analytics (BDA) and healthcare system, which were also the descriptors employed. In the second part, the authors built an econometric model analyzed through panel data analysis, studying the relationship between IC, namely human, relational and structural capital indicators, and the performance of healthcare system in terms of performance. The study has been conducted on a sample of 28 European countries, notwithstanding the belonging to specific international or supranational bodies, between 2011 and 2016.FindingsThe paper proposes a data-driven model that presents new approach to IC assessment, extendable to other economic sectors beyond healthcare. It shows the existence of a positive impact (turning into a mathematical inverse relationship) of the human, relational and structural capital on the performance indicator, while the physical assets (i.e. the available beds in hospitals on total population) positively mediates the relationship, turning into a negative impact of non-IC related inputs on healthcare performance. The result is relevant in terms of managerial implications, enhancing the opportunity to highlight the crucial role of IC in the healthcare sector.Research limitations/implicationsThe relationship between IC indicators and performance could be employed in other sectors, disseminating new approaches in academic research. Through the establishment of a relationship between IC factors and performance, the authors implemented an approach in which healthcare organizations are active participants in their economic and social value creation. This challenges the views of knowledge sharing deeply held inside organizations by creating “new value” developed through a more collaborative and permeated approach in terms of knowledge spillovers. A limitation is given by a fragmented policymaking process which carries out different results in each country.Practical implicationsThe analysis provides interesting implications on multiple perspectives. The novelty of the study provides interesting implications for managers, practitioners and governmental bodies. A more efficient healthcare system could provide better results in terms of cost minimization and reduction of hospitalization period. Moreover, dissemination of new scientific knowledge and drivers of specialization enhances best practices sharing in the healthcare sector. On the other hand, an improvement in preventive medicine practices could help in reducing the overload of demand for curative treatments, on the perspective of sharply decreasing the avoidable deaths rate and improving societal standards.Originality/valueThe authors provide a new holistic framework on the relationship between IC, BDA and organizational performance in healthcare organizations through a systematic review approach and an empirical panel analysis at a multinational level, which is quite a novelty regarding the healthcare. There is little research focussed on healthcare industries' organizational performance, and, specifically, most of the research on IC in healthcare delivered results in terms of theoretical contribution and qualitative analyzes. The authors even contributed to analyze the healthcare industry in the light of the possible existence of synergies and networks among countries.

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High-Performance Work Practices in Healthcare Sector

Project Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0196-1.ch052 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1075-1096

Author(s):

Panagiotis Gkorezis ◽

Mamas Theodorou

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Human Resource Management ◽

Organizational Performance ◽

Human Resource ◽

High Performance ◽

Work Practices ◽

Healthcare Organizations ◽

Healthcare Settings ◽

High Performance Work Practices ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

High-performance work practices are described as human resource management practices that augment organizational performance through enhancing employees' competencies, motivation, commitment and productivity. Last decades have seen an increase in both research and practice on high-performance work practices. Yet, they have only recently received attention in healthcare settings. Nascent empirical studies have shown that high-performance work practices may play a vital role in fostering positive employee, patient and organizational outcomes. Given the problematic and limited environment of healthcare organizations, high-performance work practices are purported to be an effective “medicine” for organizational functioning. Thus, the purpose of this chapter is to delineate human resource management policies and their core high-performance work practices and also highlight their key role in ameliorating healthcare organizations' performance. By doing so, we provide some useful insights from healthcare literature in relation to the underlying mechanisms that account for this relationship.

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Measuring integrated care at the interface between primary care and secondary care: a scoping review

Journal of Integrated Care ◽

10.1108/jica-11-2020-0073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Aimee O'Farrell ◽

Geoff McCombe ◽

John Broughan ◽

Áine Carroll ◽

Mary Casey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Secondary Care ◽

Research Question ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Problem Area ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Content Type

PurposeIn many healthcare systems, health policy has committed to delivering an integrated model of care to address the increasing burden of disease. The interface between primary and secondary care has been identified as a problem area. This paper aims to undertake a scoping review to gain a deeper understanding of the markers of integration across the primary–secondary interface.Design/methodology/approachA search was conducted of PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library and the grey literature for papers published in English using the framework described by Arksey and O'Malley. The search process was guided by the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA).FindingsThe initial database search identified 112 articles, which were screened by title and abstract. A total of 26 articles were selected for full-text review, after which nine articles were excluded as they were not relevant to the research question or the full text was not available. In total, 17 studies were included in the review. A range of study designs were identified including a systematic review (n = 3), mixed methods study (n = 5), qualitative (n = 6) and quantitative (n = 3). The included studies documented integration across the primary–secondary interface; integration measurement and factors affecting care coordination.Originality/valueMany studies examine individual aspects of integration. However, this study is unique as it provides a comprehensive overview of the many perspectives and methodological approaches involved with evaluating integration within the primary–secondary care interface and primary care itself. Further research is required to establish valid reliable tools for measurement and implementation.

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Environmental Disinfection Strategies to Prevent Indirect Transmission of SARS-CoV2 in Healthcare Settings

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10186291 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (18) ◽

pp. 6291

Author(s):

Dorina Lauritano ◽

Giulia Moreo ◽

Luisa Limongelli ◽

Michele Nardone ◽

Francesco Carinci

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Nosocomial Transmission ◽

Healthcare Sector ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Transmission Route ◽

Indirect Transmission ◽

Viral Activity ◽

Healthcare Settings

(1) Introduction: The novel respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is rapidly spreading in many countries and represents a public health emergency of international concern. The SARS-CoV-2 transmission mainly occurs from person-to-person via respiratory droplets (direct transmission route), leading to the onset of mild or severe symptoms or even causing death. Since COVID-19 is able to survive also on inanimate surfaces for extended periods, constituting an indirect transmission route, healthcare settings contaminated surfaces should be submitted to specific disinfection protocols. Our review aimed to investigate the existing disinfection measures of healthcare settings surfaces, preventing the nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2. (2) Materials and Methods: We conducted electronic research on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library, and 120 items were screened for eligibility. Only 11 articles were included in the review and selected for data extraction. (3) Results: All the included studies proposed the use of ethanol at different concentrations (70% or 75%) as a biocidal agent against SARS-CoV-2, which has the capacity to reduce the viral activity by 3 log10 or more after 1 min of exposure. Other disinfection protocols involved the use of chlorine-containing disinfectant, 0.1% and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, quaternary ammonium in combination with 75% ethanol, isopropyl alcohol 70%, glutardialdehyde 2%, ultraviolet light (UV-C) technology, and many others. Two studies suggested to use the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered disinfectants, while one article chooses to follow the WST-512-2016 Guidance of Environmental and Surfaces Cleaning, Disinfection and Infection Control in Hospitals. (4) Conclusion: Different surface disinfection methods proved to reduce the viral activity of SARS-CoV-2, preventing its indirect nosocomial transmission. However, more specific cleaning measures, ad hoc for the different settings of the healthcare sector, need to be formulated.

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Scoping review of balanced scorecards for use in healthcare settings: development and implementation

BMJ Open Quality ◽

10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001293 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. e001293

Author(s):

Victoria Bohm ◽

Diane Lacaille ◽

Nicole Spencer ◽

Claire EH Barber

Keyword(s):

Performance Management ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Local Level ◽

Management Tool ◽

Multiple Perspectives ◽

Medical Subject Headings ◽

Healthcare Settings ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Balanced Scorecards

ObjectiveBalanced scorecards (BSCs) were developed in the early 1990s in corporate settings as a strategic performance management tool that emphasised measurement from multiple perspectives. Since their introduction, BSCs have been adapted for a variety of industries, including to healthcare settings. The aim of this scoping review was to describe the application of BSCs in healthcare.MethodsMedline, Embase and CINHAL databases were searched using keywords and medical subject headings for ‘balanced scorecard’ and related terms from 1992 to 17/04/2020. Title and abstract screening and full text review were conducted in duplicate by two reviewers. Studies describing the development and/or implementation of a BSC in a healthcare setting were included. Data were abstracted using pilot-tested forms and reviewed for key themes and findings.Results8129 records were identified and 841 underwent a full text review. 87 articles were included. Over 26 countries were represented and the majority of BSCs were applied at a local level (54%) in hospital settings (41%). While almost all discussed Kaplan and Norton’s original BSC (97%), only 69% described alignment with a strategic plan. Patients/family members were rarely involved in development teams (3%) which typically were comprised of senior healthcare leaders/administrators. Only 21% of BSCs included perspectives using identical formatting to the original BSC description. Lessons learnt during development addressed three main themes: scorecard design, stakeholder engagement and feasibility.ConclusionsBSC frameworks have been used in various healthcare settings but frequently undergo adaptation from the original description in order to suit a specific healthcare context. Future BSCs should aim to include patients/families to promote patient-centred healthcare systems. Considering the heterogeneity evident in development approaches, methodological guidance in this area is warranted.

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High-Performance Annotation Tagging over Solr Full-text Indexes

Information Technology and Libraries ◽

10.6017/ital.v33i3.4633 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paolo Manghi ◽

Michele Artini ◽

Alessia Bardi ◽

Claudio Atzori ◽

Sandro La Bruzzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Full Text ◽

Functional Annotation ◽

High Performance ◽

End Users ◽

Font Size ◽

End User ◽

Temporary Work ◽

Large Sets ◽

Object Properties

In this work, we focus on the problem of “annotation tagging” over Information Spaces of objects stored in a full-text index. In such a scenario, tags are assigned to objects by “data curator” users with the purpose of classification, while generic end-users will perceive tags as searchable and browsable object properties. To carry out their activities, data curators need “annotation tagging tools” which allow them to “bulk” tag or untag large sets of objects in temporary work sessions, where they can “virtually” and in “real-time” experiment the effect of their actions before making the changes visible to end-users. The implementation of these tools over full-text indexes is a challenge, since bulk object updates in this context are far from being real-time and in critical cases may slow down index performance. We devised TagTick, a tool which offers to data curators a fully functional annotation tagging environment over the full-text index Apache Solr, regarded as a “de-facto standard” in this area. TagTick consists of a TagTick Virtualizer module, which extends the APIs of Solr to support real-time, virtual, bulk-tagging operations, and a TagTick User Interface module, which offers end-user functionalities for annotation tagging. The tool scales optimally with the number and size of bulk tag operations, without compromising index performance.

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How Healthcare Organizations Are Facilitating Access to Fruits and Vegetables in Their Patient Populations: A Systematic Scoping Review

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa059_075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1358-1358

Author(s):

Susan Veldheer ◽

Christina Scartozzi ◽

Amy Knehans ◽

Tamara Oser ◽

Natasha Sood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Selection Bias ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Study Quality ◽

Healthcare Organizations ◽

Objective Health ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives There is compelling evidence that diet can prevent chronic disease, and with rising health care costs, healthcare organizations are attempting to identify new clinical interventions that can improve the diets of their patients. The purpose of this systematic scoping review was to understand what clinical strategies healthcare organizations are using to increase access to fruits and vegetables (F&V) for their patient populations. In addition, we aimed to review the impact on health outcomes. Methods Titles and abstracts were searched in PubMed® (MEDLINE®), Embase®, CINAHL®, and the Cochrane Library® from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2019. Original studies must have included a healthcare organization and had a programmatic focus on increasing access to or providing fresh F&V to patients in an outpatient, naturalistic setting. The Effective Public Health Project tool was used to assess study quality in 6 domains (selection bias, study design, confounders, blinding, data collection methods, and withdrawals and dropouts). Two reviewers independently verified included studies, study quality, and data extraction. Results A total of 8877 abstracts were screened which yielded 46 manuscripts from 30 studies. There were 6 program models identified including: 1) cash-back rebate programs, 2) prescription voucher programs, 3) garden-based programs, 4) subsidized food boxes/community supported agriculture (CSA) programs, 5) home-delivery meal programs, and 6) collaborative food pantry-clinical programs. Only 6/30 studies included a control group. The overall quality of the studies was weak due to study participant selection bias, and incomplete reporting on tools used for data collection, confounders, and dropouts. Generally, studies that measured dietary intake found some improvements after these interventions. Other objective health markers such as blood pressure and body mass index had mixed results. Conclusions Healthcare-based models currently being tested that provide patients with access to F&V are novel and appear to have promise. However, future studies will need to use rigorous study designs, validated data collection tools and more sophisticated data analysis methodologies to better determine the effect of these interventions on health outcomes. Funding Sources This study was funded with internal fund to RW and SV.

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Functional Performance Testing and Patient Reported Outcomes following ACL Reconstruction: A Systematic Scoping Review

International Scholarly Research Notices ◽

10.1155/2014/613034 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Adel Almangoush ◽

Lee Herrington

Keyword(s):

Acl Reconstruction ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Functional Performance ◽

Performance Testing ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Performance Tests ◽

Patient Reported

Objective. A systematic scoping review of the literature to identify functional performance tests and patient reported outcomes for patients who undergo anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and rehabilitation that are used in clinical practice and research during the last decade. Methods. A literature search was conducted. Electronic databases used included Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and AMED. The inclusion criteria were English language, publication between April 2004 and April 2014, and primary ACL reconstruction with objective and/or subjective outcomes used. Two authors screened the selected papers for title, abstract, and full-text in accordance with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological quality of all papers was assessed by a checklist of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Results. A total of 16 papers were included with full-text. Different authors used different study designs for functional performance testing which led to different outcomes that could not be compared. All papers used a measurement for quantity of functional performance except one study which used both quantity and quality outcomes. Several functional performance tests and patient reported outcomes were identified in this review. Conclusion. No extensive research has been carried out over the past 10 years to measure the quality of functional performance testing and control stability of patients following ACL reconstruction. However this study found that the measurement of functional performance following ACL reconstruction consisting of a one-leg hop for a set distance or a combination of different hops using limb symmetry index (LSI) was a main outcome parameter of several studies. A more extensive series of tests is suggested to measure both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of functional performance after the ACL reconstruction. The KOOS and the IKDC questionnaires are both measures that are increasingly being used for ACL reconstruction throughout the last decade.

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Overview of quality management models for inpatient healthcare settings. A scoping review

International Journal for Quality in Health Care ◽

10.1093/intqhc/mzy180 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 404-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roxanne Maritz ◽

Anke Scheel-Sailer ◽

Klaus Schmitt ◽

Birgit Prodinger

Keyword(s):

Quality Management ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Inpatient Care ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Data Synthesis ◽

General Application ◽

Healthcare Settings ◽

Search Terms ◽

Study Selection

Abstract Purpose This scoping review aimed to generate an overview of existing quality management (QM) models for inpatient healthcare published in peer-reviewed literature. Data sources Peer-reviewed publications published until June 2016 were retrieved from the databases Medline, PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library using search terms related to QM and models. Study selection Publications mentioning a QM model for general application in healthcare or inpatient care in their title or abstract were included. Languages considered were: English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. Data extraction Data extraction was 3-fold. First, publication characteristics were summarized. Second, the frequency of each identified model was documented and the publications were divided into conceptual and implementation publications. Third, relevant QM models were identified and information regarding the model, including content and relationship with other models, was extracted. Results of data synthesis Of 925 retrieved publications, 213 were included. The included publications reported on 64 different QM models that were suitable for or used in inpatient care. Seventeen models were identified as being relevant. The 17 models were then categorized into three different levels: conceptual quality improvement models, concrete application models and country specific adaptations. Conclusion This scoping review provides an overview of 17 existing QM models for inpatient care and their relationships with each other. Various types of models with differing aspects and components exist. In searching for QM models, many different concepts like QM system, accreditation or methodologies appeared. For future investigation, concepts of interest should be clarified.

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Interventions designed to increase the uptake of lung cancer screening and implications for priority populations: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. e050056

Author(s):

Ambreen Sayani ◽

Muhanad Ahmed Ali ◽

Ann Marie Corrado ◽

Carolyn Ziegler ◽

Alex Sadler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Burden Of Illness ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Lung Cancer Screening ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Priority Populations

BackgroundWhen designing any health intervention, it is important to respond to the unequal determinants of health by prioritising the allocation of resources and tailoring interventions based on the disproportionate burden of illness. This approach, called the targeting of priority populations, can prevent a widening of health inequities, particularly those inequities which can be further widened by differences in the uptake of an intervention. The objective of this scoping review is to describe intervention(s) designed to increase the uptake of lung cancer screening, including the health impact on priority populations and to describe knowledge and implementation gaps to inform the design of equitable lung cancer screening.MethodsWe will conduct a scoping review following the methodological framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. We will conduct comprehensive searches for lung cancer screening promotion interventions in Ovid Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) and Scopus. We will include published English language peer-reviewed and grey literature published between January 2000 and 2020 that describe an intervention designed to increase the uptake of low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. Articles not in English or not describing LDCT will be excluded. Three authors will review retrieved literature in three steps: title, abstract and then full text. Three additional authors will review discrepancies. Authors will extract data from full-text papers into a chart adapted from the Template for Intervention Description and Republication checklist, the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and a Health Equity Impact Assessment tool. Findings will be presented using a narrative synthesis.Ethics and disseminationThe knowledge synthesised will be used to inform the equitable design of lung cancer screening and disseminated through conferences, publications and shared with relevant partners. The study does not require research ethics approval as literature is available online.

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