Development and Validation of Adolescent Media Health Literacy Scales: A Rasch Measurement Model Approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha Fleary
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Rasch Measurement ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Health Related

BACKGROUND High media use is implicated in negative social and health outcomes in adolescents. Therefore, it is critical that adolescents develop skills to healthily engage with media-content. Yet, media health literacy (MHL), skills for assessing and responding to health-related media content and a potentially targetable moderator for the relationship between media use and health-related outcomes is understudied in adolescents. Lack of MHL assessment tools may contribute to this research gap. OBJECTIVE This study developed and validated test-based scales of adolescents’ MHL. METHODS Items developed were vetted iteratively via community reviews and cognitive interviews to establish content and face validity. Adolescents (n=355) completed a questionnaire including the revised MHL items. The scales were validated using Rasch measurement models. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating the summed scores of the three scales with existing functional and internet-related HL measures. Criterion validity was assessed by modeling logistic regressions predicting HL-related behaviors from each scale after controlling for demographics. Effect sizes were estimated. A short form was also validated. RESULTS The final MHL scales (Recognition/Identification, Influence/Critical analysis, Action/Reaction) fit their Rasch models. The 9-item Recognition/Identification and 9-item Influence/Critical analysis had good convergent validity with functional and internet-related health literacy measures and were positively related to reading instructions before taking medicine and questioning the truthfulness of online information. The 12-item MHL Scales-Short Form also had good convergent and criterion validity. However, convergent and criterion validity were not established for the 3-item Action/Reaction Scale. CONCLUSIONS The Recognition/Identification and Influence/Critical analysis scales and the MHL Scales-Short Form may be used to determine the impact of MHL on the media use/health outcomes relationships and ultimately inform the development of interventions and policies to affect these relationships in multiple settings.

scholarly journals Correlated Physical and Mental Health Composite Scores For the RAND-36 and RAND-12 Health Surveys: Can We Keep Them Simple?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Roger Andersen ◽  
Kyrre Breivik ◽  
Inger Elise Engelund ◽  
Marjolein M. Iversen ◽  
Jorunn Kirkeleit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Composite Scores

Abstract BackgroundThe RAND-36 and RAND-12 (equivalent to versions 1 of the Short-form-36 and Short-form-12 respectively) are widely used measures of health-related quality of life. However, there are diverging views regarding how to create the physical health and mental health composite scores of these questionnaires. We present a simple approach using an unweighted linear combination of subscale scores for constructing composite scores for physical and mental health that assumes these scores should be free to correlate. The aim of this study was to investigate the criterion validity and convergent validity of these scores. MethodsWe investigated oblique and unweighted RAND-36/12 composite scores from a random sample of the general Norwegian population (N=2107). Criterion validity was tested by examining the correlation between unweighted composite scores and weighted scores derived from oblique principal component analysis. Convergent validity was examined by analysing the associations between the different composite scores, age, gender, body mass index, physical activity, rheumatic disease, and depression. ResultsThe correlations between the composite scores derived by the two methods were substantial (r = 0.97 to 0.99) for both the RAND-36 and RAND-12. The effect sizes of the associations between the oblique versus the unweighted composite scores and other variables had comparable magnitudes. ConclusionThe unweighted RAND-36 and RAND-12 composite scores demonstrated satisfactory criterion validity and convergent validity. This suggests that if the physical and mental composite scores are free to be correlated, the calculation of these composite scores can be kept simple.

scholarly journals Health literacy and digital media use: Assessing the Health Literacy Skills Instrument – Short Form and its correlates among African American college students

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 205520761877076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Rosenbaum ◽  
Benjamin K. Johnson ◽  
Amber E. Deane
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
African American ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
African American College Students ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Media

Improving health literacy is increasingly seen as a solution to health problems and inequalities. This study assesses how one of the more recent measures of health literacy, the Health Literacy Skills Instrument – Short Form, performs among African American college students, and ascertains if and how media use relates to health literacy. Results indicate that both the use of health-related websites and apps as well as overall time spent with the media were positively, but conditionally, linked to health literacy. However, findings also pointed to the need for further test development.

Actual and perceived patient health literacy: How accurate are residents’ predictions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laci L Zawilinski ◽  
Heather Kirkpatrick ◽  
Barbara Pawlaczyk ◽  
Himabindu Yarlagadda
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Health literacy has repeatedly been shown to be associated with a multitude of negative health outcomes. Previous research has shown that patient health literacy levels are hard to predict by physicians and that assessment tools used to measure health literacy may be outdated or lacking. The purpose of this study is to replicate and extend the findings of previous research by examining residents’ ability to predict health literacy levels in patients and to use a newer validated measure of health literacy. A total of 38 patient encounters were included in this study. Patients were administered the Health Literacy Skills Instrument-Short Form to assess health literacy levels. Twenty resident physicians conducted visits with study participants and were asked to predict the health literacy of their patients. Results indicated that, consistent with previous research, residents’ predictions of patient health literacy were not consistent with patient health literacy levels as measured by the Health Literacy Skills Instrument-Short Form. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Association of Social Media Use With Social Well-Being, Positive Mental Health, and Self-Rated Health: Disentangling Routine Use From Emotional Connection to Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 69S-80S ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin A. Bekalu ◽  
Rachel F. McCloud ◽  
K. Viswanath
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Emotional Connection ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Related

Most studies addressing social media use as a normal social behavior with positive or negative effects on health-related outcomes have conceptualized and measured social media use and its effects in terms of dose–effect relations. These studies focus on measuring frequency and duration of use, and have seldom considered users’ emotional connections to social media use and the effects associated with such connections. By using a scale with two dimensions capturing users’ integration of social media use into their social routines and their emotional connection to the sites’ use, the present study has brought preliminary evidence that may help map where social media use, as a normal social behavior, may be considered beneficial or harmful. Data from a nationally representative sample ( n = 1,027) of American adults showed that while routine use is associated with positive health outcomes, emotional connection to social media use is associated with negative health outcomes. These associations have been consistent across three health-related outcomes: social well-being, positive mental health, and self-rated health. The data also showed that the strength of the positive and negative associations of routine use and emotional connection with the health outcomes varies across socioeconomic and racial/ethnic population subgroups. Our findings suggest that the link between social media use and health may not only be captured by and explained in terms of conventional dose–effect approaches but may also require a more sophisticated conceptualization and measurement of the social media use behavior.

scholarly journals Health Literacy among People in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Associations with Participation and Health-Related Quality of Life in the Heart Skills Study in Denmark

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Aaby ◽  
Karina Friis ◽  
Bo Christensen ◽  
Helle Terkildsen Maindal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Health literacy (HL) is a dynamic determinant of health and a promising target of health equity interventions in noncommunicable disease prevention. Among people referred to a cardiac rehabilitation program, we examined the associations between (1) HL and participation in cardiac rehabilitation and (2) HL and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Using a cross-sectional design, we invited 193 people referred to cardiac rehabilitation in Randers Municipal Rehabilitation Unit, Denmark, to respond to a questionnaire in 2017. Of these, 150 people responded (77.7%). HL was measured using the nine scales of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), while HRQoL was measured using the Short Form Health Survey 12 (version 2) (SF-12). The mean age of respondents was 67.0 years; 71.3% of the sample were men. Nonrespondents had significantly lower educational attainment and more often lived alone than respondents. Using multiple regression analyses, we found no significant associations between HL and participation in cardiac rehabilitation. There were significant positive associations between several aspects of HL and physical and mental HRQoL. HL could be a factor of interest in initiatives aimed at improving participation and outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey Version 2 (SF-12v2)

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (60) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Figueiredo Damásio ◽  
Thiago Francisco Andrade ◽  
Sílvia Helena Koller
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Short Form Health Survey ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Form Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Short Form Health

The 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, in its initial (SF-12) and revised form (SF-12v2) is a widely used measure to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present study evaluates the factor structure and reliability of the Brazilian version of the SF-12v2. Participants were 627 subjects (74.1% women), aged from 18 to 88 years (M = 38.6; SD = 13.16), from 17 Brazilian states. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested two pairs of error terms to be highly correlated (3a-3b; and 4a-4b). A qualitative inspection showed an overlap of content among these items. The respecified model presented adequate fit indices. Convergent validity was also tested with measures of health-related self-care, subjective happiness, life satisfaction, depression and self-efficacy. Expected correlations were found between the SF-12v2 and these measures. Results showed initial evidence in favor of using the SF-12v2 as a measure of physical and mental health in the Brazilian context.

scholarly journals Associations of Health Literacy, Social Media Use, Self-efficacy and Health Information Seeking Intentions among Chinese Social Media Users (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaomeng Niu ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Jessica Willoughby ◽  
Ze Li ◽  
Rongting Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related

BACKGROUND Empirical research has demonstrated that people frequently use social media for gathering and sharing online health information. Health literacy, social media use, and self-efficacy are important factors that may influence people’s health behaviors online. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the associations between health literacy, health-related social media use, self-efficacy and health behavioral intentions online. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Chinese adults aged 18 and above (N = 449) to examine predictors of health-related behavioral intentions online including health literacy, social media use, and self-efficacy. Hayes’ PROCESS macro was used to analyze the mediation and moderation models. RESULTS Two moderated mediation models were constructed. Self-efficacy mediated the effects of health literacy (Bindirect=0.213, 95% CI: 0.101 to 0.339) and social media use (Bindirect=0.023, 95% CI: 0.008 to 0.045) on health behavioral intentions on social media. Age moderated the effects of health literacy on self-efficacy (P=.029), while previous experience moderated the effects of social media use on self-efficacy (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Health literacy and health-related social media use influenced health behavioral intentions on social media via their prior effects on self-efficacy. The association between health literacy and self-efficacy was stronger among younger respondents, whereas the association between health-related social media use and self-efficacy was stronger among those who previously had positive experiences with health information on social media. Health practitioners should target self-efficacy among older population and increase positive media experience related to health. CLINICALTRIAL

A Review of the Short Form Health Survey–Version 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Omar Al Omari ◽  
Abdullah Alkhawaldeh ◽  
Mohammed ALBashtawy ◽  
Jamal Qaddumi ◽  
Margo B. Holm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Form Health Survey ◽  
Form Health ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Short Form Health

Background and PurposeThe Short Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2) is a commonly used measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The purpose of this study was to review research articles that used the SF-12v2 survey for three age groups: adolescents, young to middle-aged adults, and middle to older-aged adults.MethodsEBSCO, CINAHL, and Ovid Journal databases were searched, and 12 articles were identified.ResultsWe found that the SF-12v2 was used with diverse age groups. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.60 to 0.87, which support the internal consistency and reliability. The convergent validity of the SF-12v2 was supported in some studies.ConclusionsThe current line of evidence indicated that the SF-12v2 is easy to use, reliable, and valid. Future research needs to evaluate the population health status and HRQOL changes over time.

scholarly journals Postpartum health related quality of life: relationship to antenatal exercise practice in a Nigerian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2541
Author(s):  
Chidiebele P. Ojukwu ◽  
Adaora J. Okemuo ◽  
Emelie M. Anekwu ◽  
Obianuju G. Okeke ◽  
Chioma N. Ikele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Postpartum Health ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Nigerian Population

Background: Antenatal exercise (ANE) has been reported to improve postpartum health outcomes in women. However, postpartum health related outcomes of ANE have been inconsistent in previous studies and have not been studied in a Nigerian population. This study assessed the influence of ANE on postpartum health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of Nigerian women.Methods: 350 purposively selected women participated in this cohort study. During the last two pregnancy trimesters, participants completed a questionnaire assessing ANE practice/pattern while the Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire was used to assess HRQOL during postpartum. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with alpha level set at 0.05.Results: Majority (82.9%) of the women practiced ANE. Women who did not exercise showed significantly (p = 0.001) higher general health scores than those who did not. Women who exercised for <30 mins also showed significantly (p = 0.040) higher general health scores, as compared to those who exercised for ≥30 mins.  HRQOL was negatively correlated with each of practice and duration of ANE.Conclusions: It was concluded that ANE practice and patterns did not improve postpartum HRQOL. Improved education and supervision of ANE is recommended for improved postpartum health outcomes.

scholarly journals Health literacy among first-generation Italian immigrants in Norway

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Terragni ◽  
G Calogiuri ◽  
H Finbråten
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
General Health ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Education Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Italian Immigrants

Abstract Background People with an immigration background often have poorer health than the general population. Italians in Norway have tripled throughout the past 15-years, but little is known about their health. Health literacy (HL) has been emerging as a fundamental construct in enabling citizens to play an active role in improving their own and theirs community's health. The objective of our study was i) to describe HL among first-generation Italian immigrants in Norway, ii) examine the association between HL and health-related empowerment, and iii) compare HL in Italian immigrants with the general Norwegian population's. Methods The data was retrieved from a cross-sectional survey (n = 321) conducted within the study Mens Sana in Corpore Sano (inclusion criteria: age ≥18 years, living in Norway permanently, having lived in Italy at least until age 16). HL was measured using the short form of the European Health literacy survey questionnaire (HLS-Q12; α = 0.83). Empowerment was assessed using a 4-items scale (α = 0.73), developed on basis the World Health Organization's definition of individual empowerment and aspects of patient empowerment. Additionally, information about gender, age, educational level, and self-rated health was collected. Results Preliminary results indicated that 8% had inadequate HL, whereas about 40% had marginal HL. No significant differences in HL were observed in relation to gender, age, education level or general health. A medium correlation was found between HL and empowerment (r = 0.42, p &lt; 0.001). The Italian's HL was significantly lower than the general Norwegian population's (M±SD = 32.46±4.79 and 33.11 ± 4.12, respectively; p = 0.028). Conclusions This is the first study investigating HL and its associations with the health-related empowerment of first-generation Italian immigrants in Norway. More research is needed in order to better understand this phenomenon as well as the effectiveness of HL-enhancing initiatives. Key messages We investigated the levels of health literacy and health-related empowerment among first-generation Italian immigrants in Norway. The Italians’ heath literacy, which correlated with empowerment, was lower than the general Norwegian population’s. There were no differences across gender, age, education level or general health.

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