ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF FLOATING POPULATION BASED ON THE LOCATION DATA COLLECTED FROM SMARTPHONES

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. I_210-I_219
Author(s):  
Rana ICHINOSE ◽  
Yoshihisa MARUYAMA ◽  
Shigeru NAGATA
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Location Data

An Overview of Maritime Transportation Dynamics-Mobilization and Livelihood in Galápagos Islands

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-90
Author(s):  
María Belén Arteaga-Custode ◽  
Claudia Fernanda Betancourt-Ruiz ◽  
María Serena López-Donoso ◽  
Sophia Veronique Nieto-Vasco ◽  
Carolina Stefanía Pantoja-Cabrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Sources

The Galápagos Islands are one of the biggest marine reserves in the world, home to a complex dynamic between its inhabitants, tourists, and biodiversity. Therefore, control over the logistics surrounding the resulting human mobilization process is fundamental to minimize the impact on the Islands' natural resources. This research gathers relevant information regarding the operation of the maritime transportation system of the islands and the waste management of its floating population based on official sources as well as in-situ observation. This chapter includes three sections with the purpose of maximizing the range of information analyzed. The first section covers the maritime cargo transportation from the continent to the islands. The second one covers the transportation of people between the islands, and the third covers the transportation and management of waste produced by each island. The information covers the institutions and policies that govern each of the systems considered and can serve to optimize the transportation logistics of the Galápagos Islands.

scholarly journals How does air pollution affect urban settlement of the floating population in China? New evidence from a push-pull migration analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Zhao ◽  
Xin Lao ◽  
Hengyu Gu ◽  
Hanchen Yu ◽  
Ping Lei
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Urban Settlement ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Settlement Intentions

Abstract Background Severe air pollution in China threatens human health, and its negative impact decreases the urban settlement intentions of migrants in destination cities. We establish a comprehensive framework based on the push-pull migration model to investigate this phenomenon. Methods We employ a logistic model to analyze air pollution’s impact on the settlement intentions of the floating population based on the CMDS 2017 in China, combining the city-level socioeconomic variables with the individual-level variables. Results Our results show that the annual average concentration of PM2.5 increases by 1 unit and that the probability of migrants’ settlement intentions will decrease by 8.7%. Using a heterogeneity analysis, we find that the following migrant groups are more sensitive to air pollution: males, people over 30 years old, less educated people, and migrants with nonagricultural hukou. With every 1 unit increase in PM2.5, each group’s settlement intentions decrease by 13.2, 16.7, 16.9, and 12.6%, respectively. Conclusions Our results are consistent with existing studies. This study discovers that both external environment and internal factors influence migrants’ settlement intentions. Specifically, the differences in population sizes, economic development levels, public services, infrastructure conditions, and environmental regulations between cities play a significant role in migration decisions. We also confirm heterogeneous sensitivities to air pollution of different migrant subgroups in terms of individual characteristics, family factors, migration features, social and economic attributes.

Tobacco retail availability and risk of relapse among smokers who make a quit attempt: a population-based cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O Chaiton ◽  
Graham Mecredy ◽  
Joanna Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Distance Threshold ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

IntroductionThe availability of tobacco is thought to influence smoking behaviour, but there are few longitudinal studies examining if the location and number of tobacco outlets has a prospective impact on smoking cessation.MethodsThe Ontario Tobacco Survey, a population-representative sample of Ontario adult smokers who were followed every 6 months for up to 3 years, was linked with tobacco outlet location data from the Ontario Ministry of Health. Proximity (distance), threshold (at least one outlet within 500 m) and density (number of outlets within 500 m) with respect to a smokers’ home were calculated among urban and suburban current smokers (n=2414). Quit attempts and risk of relapse were assessed using logistic regression and survival analysis, adjusted for neighbourhood effects and individual characteristics.ResultsIncreased density of tobacco outlets was associated with decreased odds of making a quit attempt (OR: 0.54; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.85) in high-income neighbourhoods, but not in lower income ones. There was an increased risk of relapse among those who had at least one store within 500 m (HR: 1.41 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.88). Otherwise, there was no association of proximity with quit attempts or relapse.ConclusionsThe existence of a tobacco retail outlet within walking distance from home was associated with difficulty in succeeding in a quit attempt, while the increased density of stores was associated with decreased attempts in higher income neighbourhoods. The availability of tobacco may influence tobacco use through multiple mechanisms.

scholarly journals Spatial Equity with Census Population Data vs. Floating Population Data: The Distribution of Earthquake Evacuation Shelters in Daegu, South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8046
Author(s):  
Yoon Ha Lee ◽  
Ji Soo Lee ◽  
Seung Chan Baek ◽  
Won Hwa Hong
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Spatial Equity

The spatial equity of outdoor evacuation sites designated for emergency evacuation must be secured. In particular, public administrators must ensure spatial equity in preparing for unpredictable evacuation demands, such as earthquakes. This study analyzed the spatial equity of earthquake evacuation shelters in Daegu, South Korea, by using population data at the local level by time- and date-based mobile phone location data (i.e., floating population data). We compared our analysis of the spatial equity and error rate in this case with census data. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that the use of census population data can cause significant error in evaluations of the equity of evacuation shelter accessibility when the floating population data acquired through mobile phone location data are assumed exact.

scholarly journals Changes in the Prevalence of Induced Abortion in the Floating Population in Major Cities of China 2007–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Junqing Wu ◽  
Yuyan Li ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Yiran Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Induced Abortions

Objective: Our aim was to assess the changes in induced abortion in different migrant groups in China between 2007 and 2014 and the contraceptive methods used prior to induced abortion. Methods: The studies of two population-based cross sections were conducted in urban China, involving 9146 sexually active migrant women. Within the selected sociodemographic subgroups, the changes in the percentage of women who had induced abortions, the proportion of pregnancies ending in induced abortions, the causes of induced abortions, and the methods of contraception were identified. A chi-squared test was used to calculate the differences in induced abortion in the subgroups. Results: Between 2007 and 2014, in the study groups from the major cities of China, the percentage of sexually active migrant women who had induced abortions increased 10.1%, from 21.8% to 24.0%. The proportion of pregnancies ending in induced abortions increased 23.7%, from 21.5% to 26.6%. Both of the aforementioned statistics increased significantly within most of the selected sociodemographic subgroups, especially in the 18–19 and 45–49 age groups. Over 50% of pregnancies were aborted in the cohabiting group, although this figure declined by 12.3% over the course of the seven-year study period. Contraceptive failure was the primary cause of induced abortion, although its contribution to induced abortion declined from 51.3% to 42.4%. The proportion of women not using contraception prior to induced abortion increased from 30.9% to 41.2%. Conclusion: The prevalence of induced abortion is high and continues to increase among sexually active migrant women in China. An increasing trend is forecasted over the next few decades. Special attention should be paid to the younger cohort of migrant women, especially 18–19-year-olds, and unmarried cohabitants, who are increasingly seeking induced abortions.

scholarly journals Cancer diagnosis and care among rural-to-urban migrants in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e001923
Author(s):  
Rebecca Myerson ◽  
Tianyi Lu ◽  
Yong Yuan ◽  
Gordon Guo-En Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Migration Status ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Prevalence Of Cancer

IntroductionCancer is a leading cause of death in China. Rural-to-urban migrants are a group of over 260 million people in China sometimes termed the ‘floating’ population. This study assessed the prevalence of cancer diagnosis and access to needed healthcare by residence and migration status in China.MethodsWe used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, a nationally representative population-based random sample of adults age 45 years and older and their spouses in China. We used multivariable logistic regressions to compare outcomes among rural-to-urban migrants, local urban residents and local rural residents after adjusting for province of residence, socioeconomic status and demographic characteristics.ResultsThe sample included 7335 urban residents, 9286 rural residents and 3255 rural-to-urban migrants. Prevalence of cancer diagnosis was 9.9 per 1000 population among rural-to-urban migrants (95% CI 6.5 to 15.1 per 1000 population). Rural-to-urban migrants had higher tobacco use (OR=2.01; 95% CI 1.59 to 2.56, p<0.001), lower use of a health check-up (OR=0.57; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.67, p<0.001) and lower prevalence of diagnosed cancer (OR=0.41; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.95, p=0.037) than urban residents. Among participants with diagnosed cancer, residence and migration status were not predictive of foregoing needed healthcare, but were predictive of diagnosis with a screen-detectable tumour (ie, breast, colon, prostate or cervical cancer) (OR=0.17; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.63, p=0.007 for rural residents; OR=0.34; 95% CI 0.09 to 1.22, p=0.098 for rural-to-urban migrants, compared with urban residents).ConclusionRapid and large migration is still a driving force transitioning China. Due to some remaining dual policy settings in favour of local residents, rural migrants tend to use lower primary care and preventive health check-ups in general, and diagnosis of screen-detectable tumours in particular, leading to potentially higher risk of missing early diagnosis of cancers. Closing gaps in diagnosis of screen-detectable tumours could increase treatment and improve cancer outcomes.

scholarly journals Almond Allergy: An Overview on Prevalence, Thresholds, Regulations and Allergen Detection

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Mandalari ◽  
Alan Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Location ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Indirect Detection ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Tree Nut ◽  
Threshold Data ◽  
Allergen Detection ◽  
The World ◽  
Direct And Indirect Detection

Food allergy has been on the increase for many years. The prevalence of allergy to different foods varies widely depending on type of food, frequency of consumption and geographic location. Data from the literature suggests that the prevalence of tree nut allergy is of the order of 1% in the general population. Almond is one such tree nut that is frequently eaten in many parts of the world and represents a potential allergenic hazard. Given the need to label products that contain allergens, a number of different methods of direct and indirect detection have been developed. However, in the absence of population-based threshold data, and given that almond allergy is rare, the sensitivity of the required detection is unknown and thus aims as low as possible. Typically, this is less than 1 ppm, which matches the thresholds that have been shown for other allergens. This review highlights the lack of quantitative data on prevalence and thresholds for almonds, which is limiting progress in consumer protection.

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