MRI of Patients With Suspected Scrotal or Testicular Lesions: Diagnostic Value in Daily Practice

Introduction: One of the most recent methods used in imaging of the larynx is narrow band imaging (NBI). NBI enables us to detect specific patterns of pathological angiogenesis suggestive of premalignant or neoplastic lesions. The aim of the study was to compare imaging of laryngeal lesions in white light endoscopy (WLE) and NBI in relation to histopathological examination. Material and methods: 333 patients with laryngeal lesions underwent endoscopic evaluation in WLE and NBI. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) for WLE and NBI were calculated. The diagnostic value for WLE and NBI was evaluated for two assumptions (positive result is:1. severe dysplasia and cancer 2. only cancer) Results: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV of first assumption were respectively for white light compared to NBI: 95.4% vs 98.5%; 84.2% vs 98.5%; 79.6% vs 97.7% and 96.6% vs 99.0%. The values of second assumption were: 97.4% vs 100%; 79.3% vs 93.5%; 72.6% vs. 89.4% and 98.2% vs. 100.0%. Higher sensitivity was observed for the second assumption, while higher specifity was recorded for the first assumption. Specificity was significantly higher for NBI than for WLE (p<0.001). Conclusions: NBI enables us to detect and differentiate laryngeal lesions, which are invisible in WLE. Endoscopic examination, especially in NBI-mode, is non-invasive, repeatable and remains a useful tool in the daily practice and diagnosis of patients with pathological lesions in the larynx.

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Feasibility of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Classification in Predicting Thyroid Malignancy

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481908501227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (12) ◽

pp. 1345-1349

Author(s):

Ahmet Cem Dural ◽

Nuri Alper Sahbaz ◽

Cevher Akarsu ◽

Sezer Akbulut ◽

Rustu Turkay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Data System ◽

Thyroid Malignancy ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Thyroid Imaging ◽

Ultrasound Findings ◽

Risk Of Malignancy ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) in the estimation of malignancy and assess the concordance between TIRADS and the histopathology results of the postoperative specimens. Consecutive ultrasound imaging records of patients with multinodular goiter from January 2010 to December 2017 who underwent surgery were retrospectively reviewed. The risk of malignancy of each TIRADS category was determined, and correlation with pathology was assessed. The patients with malignant cytology findings (Bethesda 6) who were categorized TIRADS 6 were excluded from the study. The positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the TIRADS classification were calculated on a 2 x 2 table with their own formulas. A total of 1457 patients were evaluated, and 1122 of these were included in the study. The risk of malignancy for nodules evaluated as TIRADS 2 was 0.6 per cent, TIRADS 3 was 13.1 per cent, TIRADS 4a was 20 per cent, TIRADS 4b was 61.1 per cent, TIRADS 4c was 85.7 per cent, and TIRADS 5 was 93.3 per cent. The positive predictive value of TIRADS classification was found to be 43.4 per cent, negative predictive value was found to be 90.7 per cent, sensitivity was found to be 78 per cent, specificity was found to be 68.4 per cent, and accuracy was found to be 70.7 per cent for our institution. The TIRADS classification based on suspicious ultrasound findings is reliable in predicting thyroid malignancy and can be routinely used in daily practice.

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Diagnostic value of qualitative and strain ratio elastography in the differential diagnosis of non‐palpable testicular lesions

Andrology ◽

10.1111/andr.12260 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 1193-1203 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

C. Pozza ◽

D. Gianfrilli ◽

G. Fattorini ◽

E. Giannetta ◽

F. Barbagallo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Strain Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Testicular Lesions

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Differential diagnostic value of tongue examination in acute and chronic pathology

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj65352 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 147-151

Author(s):

V. F. Bogoyavlensky ◽

I. F. Bogoyavlensky

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Soft Palate ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Detailed Examination ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Medical Professional ◽

Dental Development ◽

Significant Information ◽

Periodontal Condition

In daily practice, any medical professional always examines the tongue, but it is difficult to obtain diagnostically significant information without a thorough, simultaneous examination of the oral cavity. In this regard, it is necessary to recall the generally accepted scheme of detailed examination of the oral cavity: lips, teeth and dentures are examined, including anomalies of dental development, caries, periodontal condition; gums; transitional fold; cheek mucosa; condition of hard and soft palate; tongue, sublingual area; pharynx. Lymph nodes are palpated - submandibular, deep cervical, parotid, occipital. The condition of salivary glands is examined.

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Clinical use of pulse oximetry in adults

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2020-25-13-21 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 13-21

Author(s):

O. V. Grishin ◽

V. G. Grishin

Keyword(s):

Pulse Oximetry ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Functional Diagnostics ◽

Large Section ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Accuracy Of Measurements ◽

History Of

The article is devoted to the practical aspects of pulse oximetry. Pulse oximetry is a photoplethysmographic method for determining heart rate and the percentage of oxyhemoglobin in arterial blood. The method allows you to objectively evaluate arterial hypoxemia, therefore, it can be used in functional diagnostics and in the daily practice of interns of any specialization. The article briefly presents the history of pulse oximetry and a description of the technique. Particular attention is paid to the accuracy of measurements and reference values of pulse oximetry. The functional significance ofpulse oximetry is also considered here. Several sections are devoted to practical issues: interpretation of the results of pulse oximetry in the diagnosis of arterial hypoxia, in the differential diagnosis of shortness of breath, the diagnostic value of the phenomenon of desaturation. A large section is devoted to the importance of pulse oximetry in viral pneumonia COVID-19

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The Diagnostic Value of Ultrasonography in a Case of Unusual Pilomatrixoma

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine ◽

10.1515/jim-2017-0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 86-88

Author(s):

Anca Chiriac ◽

Anca Eduard Chiriac ◽

Cristian Podoleanu ◽

Simona Stolnicu

Keyword(s):

Female Patient ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Unusual Case ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Recurrent Furunculosis ◽

Hair Cortex

AbstractIntroduction:Pilomatrixoma or pilomatricoma is a benign appendageal growth, originating from hair cortex cells.Case presentation:We present an unusual case of a 65-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed and treated for a presumed recurrent furunculosis localized on the abdominal area. Ultrasonography raised the suspicion of pilomatrixoma. A large excision was performed and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis.Conclusions:Ultrasonography could be a simple and reliable diagnostic tool in daily practice.

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The evaluation and design of a short depression screening tool in Turkish older adults

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610218000236 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (10) ◽

pp. 1541-1548 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ozge Dokuzlar ◽

Pinar Soysal ◽

Cansu Usarel ◽

Ahmet Turan Isik

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Short Form ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Turkish Population ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Depression Screening ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Validity And Reliability

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Depression is a common and serious healthcare problem for older adults. This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of GDS-4 and GDS-5 in Turkish, and to establish a new short-form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) for our population, and also determine the superiority of each short scale to another.Methods:A total of 437 outpatients were enrolled in the study. A researcher evaluated all participants according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fifth edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria, and then another researcher applied GDS-15 to all participants. We obtained the answers of short GDS forms, examined in this study, from GDS-15 forms. After Cohen's κ analysis, we compared the diagnostic value of each question for geriatric depression according to their κ values, and developed three (TGDS-3), four (TGDS-4), five (TGDS-5), and six (TGDS-6) question scales to screen geriatric depression in Turkish population.Results:A total of 437 participants were assessed. The mean age (SD) of the patients was 72.95 years (7.37).Cronbach's α values of GDS-4 and GDS-5 were <0.70. Cronbach's α values of TGDS-3, TGDS-4, TGDS-5, and TGDS-6 were >0.70. The best cut-off values were ≥5 for GDS-15 and GDS-5, and ≥1 for others.Discussion:GDS-15 is the most powerful screening scale for geriatric depression. GDS-4 and GDS-5 are not eligible for depression screening in Turkish older adults. All new short scales are valid and reliable, and TGDS-4 is a practical, less time-consuming option for daily practice.

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Education-Adjusted Normality Thresholds for FDG-PET in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

10.1159/000488915 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (2-3) ◽

pp. 120-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ismini C. Mainta ◽

Sara Trombella ◽

Silvia Morbelli ◽

Giovanni B. Frisoni ◽

Valentina Garibotto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Fdg Pet ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Lower Education

Background: A corollary of the reserve hypothesis is that what is regarded as pathological cortical metabolism in patients might vary according to education. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the incremental diagnostic value of education-adjusted over unadjusted thresholds on the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET as a biomarker for Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: We compared cortical metabolism in 90 healthy controls and 181 AD patients from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. The AUC of the ROC curve did not differ significantly between the whole group and the higher-education patients or the lower-education subjects. Results: The threshold of wMetaROI values providing 80% sensitivity was lower in higher-education patients and higher in the lower-education patients, compared to the standard threshold derived over the whole AD collective, without, however, significant changes in sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: These data show that education, as a proxy of reserve, is not a major confounder in the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET in AD and the adoption of education-adjusted thresholds is not required in daily practice.

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Discovering and Visualizing Disease-specific Electrocardiogram Features Using Deep Learning: Proof-of-concept in Phospholamban Gene Mutation Carriers

Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology ◽

10.1161/circep.120.009056 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rutger van de Leur ◽

Karim Taha ◽

Max N. Bos ◽

Jeroen F. van der Heijden ◽

Deepak Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Feature Detection ◽

Wave Attenuation ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

T Wave ◽

Mutation Carriers ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Complex Features ◽

Disease Specific

Background - Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation requires expertise and is mostly based on physician recognition of specific patterns, which may be challenging in rare cardiac diseases. Deep neural networks (DNN) can discover complex features in ECGs and may facilitate the detection of novel features which possibly play a pathophysiological role in relatively unknown diseases. Using a cohort of phospholamban (PLN) p.Arg14del mutation carriers, we aimed to investigate whether a novel DNN-based approach can identify established ECG features, but moreover we aimed to expand our knowledge on novel ECG features in these patients. Methods - A DNN was developed on 12-lead median beat ECGs of 69 patients and 1380 matched controls and independently evaluated on 17 patients and 340 controls. Differentiating features were visualized using Guided Grad-CAM++. Novel ECG features were tested for their diagnostic value by adding them to a logistic regression model including established ECG features. Results - The DNN showed excellent discriminatory performance with a c-statistic of 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.91-0.99) and sensitivity and specificity of 0.82 and 0.93, respectively. Visualizations revealed established ECG features (low QRS voltages and T-wave inversions), specified these features (e.g. R and T-wave attenuation in V2/V3) and identified novel PLN-specific ECG features (e.g. increased PR-duration). The logistic regression baseline model improved significantly when augmented with the identified features (p<0.001). Conclusions - A DNN-based feature detection approach was able to discover and visualize disease-specific ECG features in PLN mutation carriers and revealed yet unidentified features. This novel approach may help advance diagnostic capabilities in daily practice.

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