scholarly journals The role of Herpesviridae infection in the progression of comorbid somatic pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
S.A. Bychkova ◽  
R.L. Stepanenko ◽  
O.A. Bychkov
Keyword(s):  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Active Replication ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽  
Group B

Background. The objective was to study the peculiarities of cellular and humoral immunity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) group B and C, GOLD 2–3, who have signs of metabolic syndrome (MS) and Herpesviridae infection. Materials and methods. Forty-two patients with B and C groups of COPD, GOLD 2–3, associated with MS were examined. Eighteen individuals had COPD combined with MS, and Herpesviridae infection. The average age of patients was 51.3 ± 4.2 years. The comparison group included 24 people with COPD and MS without signs of Herpesviridae infection. All patients underwent determination of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and cytome­galovirus (CMV) antigens in the blood and saliva, titer of specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies to HSV type 1 and CMV, a comprehensive immunological examination with a study of cellular and humoral immunity indexes, cytokine status. Results. The study of the activity of herpes viruses in the blood of patients of the main group did not reveal active replication of HSV type 1 and CMV; in the saliva of 15 individuals (83.3 %), an active replication of HSV type 1 was detected, and in 12 people (66.7%) — of CMV. All patients in the main group had a severe course of Herpesviridae infection with an exacerbation rate of more than 6 times a year. The immunological status of patients of the main group showed immunodeficiency mainly of T-cell immune system and NK-cells, a significant increase in the relative number of T- and B-lymphocytes with early and late markers of activation on the background of autoimmune manifestations and inflammatory changes in peripheral blood. Conclusions. The presence of chronic persistent infection of HSV type 1 and CMV causes a severe course of COPD associated with MS, induces the development of infectious exacerbations of COPD and more significant manifestations of systemic inflammation in atherosclerosis as a morphological substrate of MS.

scholarly journals Classification of COPD patients and compliance to recommended treatment in Greece according to GOLD 2017 report: the RELICO study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Tzanakis ◽  
Nikolaos Koulouris ◽  
Katerina Dimakou ◽  
Konstantinos Gourgoulianis ◽  
Epameinondas Kosmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial clinical condition, characterized by chronic progressive (or worsening) respiratory symptoms, structural pulmonary abnormalities, and impaired lung function, and is often accompanied by multiple, clinically significant comorbid disorders. In 2017, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) issued a new report on COPD prevention, diagnosis and management, aiming at personalizing the maintenance therapeutic approach of the stable disease, based on the patients’ symptoms and history of exacerbations (ABCD assessment approach). Our objective was to evaluate the implementation of GOLD suggestions in everyday clinical practice in Greece. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study. Sixty-five different variables (demographics, vital sign measurements, COPD-related medical history parameters, comorbidities, vaccination data, COPD severity based on spirometry measurements, COPD stage based on the ABCD assessment approach, COPD treatments) were collected from 3615 nation-wide COPD patients (Greece). Results The mean age at the time of initial COPD diagnosis was 63.8 (± 10.2). Almost 60% of the subjects were classified into group B, while the remaining patients were falling into groups A (18%) and D (21%), and only a small minority of patients belonged to Group C, according to the ABCD assessment approach. The compliance of respiratory physicians to the GOLD 2017 therapeutic suggestions is problematic, especially when it comes to COPD patients belonging to Group A. Conclusion Our data provide valuable information regarding the demographic and medical profile of COPD patients in Greece, the domains which the revised ABCD assessment approach may show some clinical significance on, and the necessity for medical practitioners dealing with COPD patients to adhere closer to international recommendations for the proper management of the disease.

SLOWING THE DETERIORATION OF ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE OBSERVED DURING BRONCHODILATOR THERAPY BY ADDING INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS: A 4-YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-270
Author(s):  
Peter Cvietusa ◽  
Joseph Spahn ◽  
William R. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchial Hyperreactivity ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchodilator Therapy ◽  
Inhaled Steroids

Purpose of the Study. To determine if the deterioration in lung function, seen in adults with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), could be reversed or slowed by the addition of inhaled beclomethasone. Many short-term studies have shown the benefits of inhaled steroids in asthma; in particular, their ability to improve pulmonary function, decrease bronchial hyperreactivity, and reduce symptoms. Few studies have evaluated the long-term effects of inhaled steroids on the clinical course of either asthma or COPD. Methods. This report is an extension of a 2-year study that followed 160 patients with asthma or COPD on bronchodilator therapy alone. From this group, 56 patients who displayed a rapid decline in pulmonary function (FEV1 ≥ 80 ml/year) and a high exacerbation rate (≥1/year) were selected to receive additional treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate 400 µg two times daily over 4 years. FEV1 and airways responsiveness to histamine were measured every 6 months and at 1 and 13 months upon completion of the study. Peak flows and symptom scores were recorded weekly, and compliance, inhaler technique, and adverse affects were monitored every 3 months. Findings. During the first 6 months of beclomethasone treatment, both groups showed a significant improvement in pre- and postbronchodilator FEV1 with the most significant change noted in the asthma group. Thereafter, the FEV1 began to decline again, as it had in the first 2 years of the study, but at a rate that was 33% slower. In addition to slowing the decline in FEV1, inhaled beclomethasone resulted in a substantial decrease in the degree of bronchial hyperreactivity, and peak flow rates improved.

Performance of a Nu.Q H3.1 assay for lung cancer detection.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15542-e15542
Author(s):  
Anne Louise Louise Sibille ◽  
Monique Henket ◽  
Marielle Herzog ◽  
Natalie Hardat ◽  
Jean-Louis Corhay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

e15542 Background: Lung cancer diagnosis relies on invasive methods and often occurs at a late stage of disease, explaining its poor outcome. Nucleosomes are DNA fragments wrapped around histones. They may constitute a non-invasive and early diagnostic method for lung cancer. We investigated the clinical and statistical performance of nucleosome assay levels alone and in combination with cytokines in plasma from untreated lung cancer (LC) patients and what their discriminant power was towards chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy (H) subjects. Methods: 142 plasma samples were prospectively collected: H, n = 45; LC, n = 44 and COPD, n = 53. The circulating level of intact nucleosomes containing the histone H3.1 isoform (Nu.Qª-H3.1) was individually tested and in combination with cytokines for its performance in discriminating subjects for their underlying condition. Then, statistical performance of each model was tested with binary logistic regression models for the best combination of biomarkers for the following groups: cancer vs control (group A), cancer vs COPD+control (group B) and for cancer vs COPD (group C). The best model for each group was then applied to two independent biobank cohorts for validation. Results: Results for Nu.Q-H3.1 was an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79, for group A, B and C; a sensitivity of 68%, 66% and 66% for group A, B and C, respectively, for 80% specificity. For group A the H3.1+IL-10 model achieved a sensitivity of 77% for 80% specificity with an AUC of 0.88 (R² = 55.8%). For group B the H3.1+IL-6+IL-10 model achieved a sensitivity of 70% with an AUC of 0.85 (R² = 40.6%). For group C the H3.1+IL-6+IL-10 model achieved a sensitivity of 79% with an AUC of 0.85 (R² = 46.1%). The validation cohort performed similarly. Results for the 3 cohorts taken together were: AUC of 0.83, 0.87 and 0.90 for group A, B and C, respectively; sensitivity of 75%, 76 % and 84% for group A, B and C, respectively, for 80% specificity. Conclusions: Nucleosomes are detected in the plasma of H, LC and COPD patients. Combination with cytokines as described in these models allows for a good power ofdiscrimination between the three groups. Based on these encouraging results, we believe further studies with larger numbers of patients should be performed to confirm and validate the usefulness of these biomarkers and models.

Relation between Cellular and Humoral Immunity to Islet Cell Antigens in Type 1 Diabetes

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hummel ◽  
Ivana Durinovic-Bello ◽  
Anette-G. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽  
Islet Cell Antigens

scholarly journals Рhysiotherapy in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoaneta Dimitrova ◽  
Nikolay Izov ◽  
Ivan Maznev ◽  
Danche Vasileva ◽  
Milena Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Group A ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Group B ◽  
Positive Effect

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapy is an essential for the treatment of patients with chronic respiratory non-inflammatory diseases especially for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).AIM: To assess the effect of six months physiotherapy (PT) program on functional status in patients with COPD.МАTERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of the disease. Group A included 33 patients (mean age 68.6 ± 7.3; GOLD II – III stages). Group B included 32 patients (mean age 71.7 ± 6.9; GOLD I –II). They were referred to supervised PT program performed three times weekly for a half a year. All the patients were on standard medical care. At entry and after PT, six minutes walking test (6 MWT), Borg scale and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale were assessed.RESULTS: Significant changes in 6 MWT (р < 0.001) and mMRC scale (р < 0.001) were found after applied physical therapy program in patients of group A. Exertional dyspnoea decreased significantly in patients with group A (р < 0.001). Positive changes were found in physical tolerance in the patients of group B (р < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed the positive effect of six months physiotherapy in physical tolerance and dyspnoea in patients with COPD at different stages of the disease.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY OF NEWBORNS WITH INTRAUTERINE MIXED INFECTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
M.A. YUSUPOVA ◽  
◽  
K.I. ISMOILOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Secondary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity

Objective: To study the features of clinical manifestations, cellular and humoral immunity of newborns with intrauterine mixed infections (IUMI). Methods: A comprehensive survey of 45 infants with IUMI was carried out. Depending on the classification of IUMI they were divided into 3 main groups: group I – 24 patients (53%) with the viral-bacterial association, group II – 12 patients (27%) with the viral-viral association, and group III – 9 patients (20%) with the viral-parasitic association. The control group consisted of 10 newborns born from uninfected, somatically healthy mothers. Diagnosis of IUMI was based on the detection of specific antibodies of the IgA, IgG and IgM classes, as well as phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of leukocytes. In addition, general clinical, biochemical, bacteriological and instrumental research methods have been conducted. Results: The blood serum IgA and IgM indices in patients of the main group were significantly higher, and the mean IgG values were lower compared to the control group. Analysis of cellular immunity parameters in the main group showed a decrease in the number of mature T-lymphocytes (CD3), B-lymphocytes (CD20), the number of T-helpers and cells that produce IL-2 in the peripheral blood, compared with the control group. In the main group, there was also an increase in the number of apoptosis cells (CD95), cells with high cytotoxic activity (CD25, CD71) and the percentage of natural killer cells (CD16). A decrease in the phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of neutrophils was recorded, which indicates the insufficiency of the nonspecific component of immunity. Conclusions: In newborns, various changes were found both on the part of specific and nonspecific components of immunity. This indicates the development of secondary immunodeficiency in this category of patients and makes it necessary to add to the main treatment of immune corrective therapy. Keywords: Congenital infections, mixed intrauterine infections, TORCH syndrome, opportunistic infections, secondary immunodeficiency.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular electrostimulation as an adjuvant therapy to pulmonary rehabilitation programs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Daniel TRĂILĂ ◽  
Camelia PESCARU ◽  
Noemi SUPPINI POROJAN ◽  
Camil MIHUTA ◽  
Patricia HOGEA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Group B ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrostimulation

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly associated with a vicious circle of sedentary lifestyle - deconditioning - muscular dysfunction. High-frequency neuromuscular electrostimulation has demonstrated beneficial effects among subjects with muscle weakness. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of merging pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) with neuromuscular electrostimulation in patients with very severe COPD. Material and methods. The study included 38 males with clinically stable COPD, who were divided in 2 groups: group A-19 patients that underwent a PRP of 5 sessions/week for 4 weeks and group B-19 patients that underwent intercostal and lower extremity muscle electrostimulation (5 sessions/week for 4 weeks, 60 min /session) in association with the same type of PRP. Saint Georges’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, spirometry, maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax), six minutes walking test (6MWT) and bio-electrical impedance were examined before and after the intervention. Results. Electrostimulation applied in group B increased muscle mass (50.15 ± 0.61kg vs 53.97 ± 0.87kg, p<0.001)., PEmax (5.41 ± 0.25 vs post 6.79 ± 0.22, p<0.0003) and improved mMRC score (2.68 ± 0.15 vs 2.10 ± 0.15, p<0.0109), 6MWT (369.6 ± 10.77m vs post: 445.6 ± 6.03 m) and SGRQ (61.32 ± 1.83 vs. 44.95 ± 1.94, p<0.0001). In group B only SGRQ score (55.05 ± 1.32 vs. 50.05 ± 1.51, p=0.018) was improved after PRP. Conclusion. A protocol which combines PRP with neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with very severe forms of COPD, has grater beneficial effect on dyspnoea, exercise tolerance, muscle mass toning and quality of life, compared with PRP alone.

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