Performance of a Nu.Q H3.1 assay for lung cancer detection.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15542-e15542
Author(s):  
Anne Louise Louise Sibille ◽  
Monique Henket ◽  
Marielle Herzog ◽  
Natalie Hardat ◽  
Jean-Louis Corhay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

e15542 Background: Lung cancer diagnosis relies on invasive methods and often occurs at a late stage of disease, explaining its poor outcome. Nucleosomes are DNA fragments wrapped around histones. They may constitute a non-invasive and early diagnostic method for lung cancer. We investigated the clinical and statistical performance of nucleosome assay levels alone and in combination with cytokines in plasma from untreated lung cancer (LC) patients and what their discriminant power was towards chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy (H) subjects. Methods: 142 plasma samples were prospectively collected: H, n = 45; LC, n = 44 and COPD, n = 53. The circulating level of intact nucleosomes containing the histone H3.1 isoform (Nu.Qª-H3.1) was individually tested and in combination with cytokines for its performance in discriminating subjects for their underlying condition. Then, statistical performance of each model was tested with binary logistic regression models for the best combination of biomarkers for the following groups: cancer vs control (group A), cancer vs COPD+control (group B) and for cancer vs COPD (group C). The best model for each group was then applied to two independent biobank cohorts for validation. Results: Results for Nu.Q-H3.1 was an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79, for group A, B and C; a sensitivity of 68%, 66% and 66% for group A, B and C, respectively, for 80% specificity. For group A the H3.1+IL-10 model achieved a sensitivity of 77% for 80% specificity with an AUC of 0.88 (R² = 55.8%). For group B the H3.1+IL-6+IL-10 model achieved a sensitivity of 70% with an AUC of 0.85 (R² = 40.6%). For group C the H3.1+IL-6+IL-10 model achieved a sensitivity of 79% with an AUC of 0.85 (R² = 46.1%). The validation cohort performed similarly. Results for the 3 cohorts taken together were: AUC of 0.83, 0.87 and 0.90 for group A, B and C, respectively; sensitivity of 75%, 76 % and 84% for group A, B and C, respectively, for 80% specificity. Conclusions: Nucleosomes are detected in the plasma of H, LC and COPD patients. Combination with cytokines as described in these models allows for a good power ofdiscrimination between the three groups. Based on these encouraging results, we believe further studies with larger numbers of patients should be performed to confirm and validate the usefulness of these biomarkers and models.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Imaging Combined With Tumor Markers in Early Detection of Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Ju Wei ◽  
Li-Ping Wang ◽  
Jun-Yan Wang ◽  
Jing-Xu Ma ◽  
Feng-Bin Chuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Early Lung Cancer ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: The objective of this research is to explore the diagnostic value of imaging plus tumor markers in the early detection of lung cancer.Methods: Sixty patients with lung cancer treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as group A. They were matched with 60 patients with benign lung disease as group B and 60 healthy subjects examined in our hospital as group C. The carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), CYFRA21-1, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were assessed, and the diagnostic value of tumor markers plus imaging in lung cancer diagnosis was explored.Results: The CEA, CYFRA21-1, and NSE in group A were evidently superior to those in groups B and C, and those in group B were superior to those in group C (all P < 0.001). CEA had the highest sensitivity (56.7%), and NSE had the highest specificity (93.3%). The tumor markers plus imaging had the highest sensitivity for different types of lung cancer, and the sensitivity to early lung cancer (90%) was superior to other diagnostic methods (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The tumor markers plus imaging is of great significance in early lung cancer diagnosis and provides a reference for judging the pathological classification.

Scan-based competing death risk model for reevaluating lung cancer computed tomography screening eligibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 2101613
Author(s):  
Anton Schreuder ◽  
Colin Jacobs ◽  
Nikolas Lessmann ◽  
Mireille JM Broeders ◽  
Mario Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Quantitative Ct ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
National Lung Screening Trial ◽  
Number Needed To Screen ◽  
Incidence Risk

PurposeA baseline CT scan for lung cancer (LC) screening may reveal information indicating that certain LC screening participants can be screened less, and instead require dedicated early cardiac and respiratory clinical input. We aimed to develop and validate competing death (CD) risk models using CT information to identify participants with a low LC and a high CD risk.MethodsParticipant demographics and quantitative CT measures of LC, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were considered for deriving a logistic regression model for predicting five-year CD risk using a sample from the National Lung Screening Trial (n=15 000). Multicentric Italian Lung Detection data was used to perform external validation (n=2287).ResultsOur final CD model outperformed an external pre-scan model (CDRAT) in both the derivation (Area under the curve=0.744 [95% confidence interval=0.727 to 0.761] and 0.677 [0.658 to 0.695], respectively) and validation cohorts (0.744 [0.652 to 0.835] and 0.725 [0.633 to 0.816], respectively). By also taking LC incidence risk into consideration, we suggested a risk threshold where a subgroup (6258/23 096, 27%) was identified with a number needed to screen to detect one LC of 216 (versus 23 in the remainder of the cohort) and ratio of 5.41 CDs per LC case (versus 0.88). The respective values in the validation cohort subgroup (774/2287, 34%) were 129 (versus 29) and 1.67 (versus 0.43).ConclusionsEvaluating both LC and CD risks post-scan may improve the efficiency of LC screening and facilitate the initiation of multidisciplinary trajectories among certain participants.

scholarly journals Рhysiotherapy in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoaneta Dimitrova ◽  
Nikolay Izov ◽  
Ivan Maznev ◽  
Danche Vasileva ◽  
Milena Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Group A ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Group B ◽  
Positive Effect

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapy is an essential for the treatment of patients with chronic respiratory non-inflammatory diseases especially for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).AIM: To assess the effect of six months physiotherapy (PT) program on functional status in patients with COPD.МАTERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of the disease. Group A included 33 patients (mean age 68.6 ± 7.3; GOLD II – III stages). Group B included 32 patients (mean age 71.7 ± 6.9; GOLD I –II). They were referred to supervised PT program performed three times weekly for a half a year. All the patients were on standard medical care. At entry and after PT, six minutes walking test (6 MWT), Borg scale and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale were assessed.RESULTS: Significant changes in 6 MWT (р < 0.001) and mMRC scale (р < 0.001) were found after applied physical therapy program in patients of group A. Exertional dyspnoea decreased significantly in patients with group A (р < 0.001). Positive changes were found in physical tolerance in the patients of group B (р < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed the positive effect of six months physiotherapy in physical tolerance and dyspnoea in patients with COPD at different stages of the disease.

scholarly journals Effect of Smoking on FEF 25, FEF 50 & FEF 75 in Adult Male Smokers

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Md Noor Nabi ◽  
Nahid Yeasmin ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Medicine Today ◽  
Group B

Introduction:Smoking is most common in East Asia, where two thirds of all adult males smoke tobacco; cigarette smoking is by far the most common. Smoking is the primary cause of chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic bronchitis and other respiratory symptoms. Many studies have shown significant changes of Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF) as FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) in adult male smokers. Its objective is to assess the change of FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) in adult male smokers. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period of July, 2007 to June, 2008. In the present study 30 adult male smokers consuming cigarettes for more than 5 years selected as study group (Group-B) and were matched with 30 adult males who were non-smokers considered as control group (Group-A) for comparison. FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) were estimated in both Groups. Analysis of data was done with the help of computer by SPSS 12.0 programmer and significant tests were done by unpaired Student’s “t” test. Results: There were statistically significant differences of FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75 (L/sec) in group A vs. group B. Conclusion: From the statistical analysis of the results obtained in the present study and their comparison with those of published reports, it may be concluded that smoking causes significant change of FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) among the smokers that could be useful in early diagnosis of peripheral airway obstruction. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(2): 81-84

scholarly journals Mortality prediction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comparing the GOLD 2015 and GOLD 2019 staging: a pooled analysis of individual patient data

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 00253-2020
Author(s):  
Elena García Castillo ◽  
Tamara Alonso Pérez ◽  
Julio Ancochea ◽  
Maria Teresa Pastor Sanz ◽  
Pere Almagro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Mortality Prediction ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Group B

In 2019, The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) modified the grading system for patients with COPD, creating 16 subgroups (1A–4D). As part of the COPD Cohorts Collaborative International Assessment (3CIA) initiative, we aim to compare the mortality prediction of the 2015 and 2019 COPD GOLD staging systems.We studied 17 139 COPD patients from the 3CIA study, selecting those with complete data. Patients were classified by the 2015 and 2019 GOLD ABCD systems, and we compared the predictive ability for 5-year mortality of both classifications.In total, 17 139 patients with COPD were enrolled in 22 cohorts from 11 countries between 2003 and 2017; 8823 of them had complete data and were analysed. Mean±sd age was 63.9±9.8 years and 62.9% were male. GOLD 2019 classified the patients in milder degrees of COPD. For both classifications, group D had higher mortality. 5-year mortality did not differ between groups B and C in GOLD 2015; in GOLD 2019, mortality was greater for group B than C. Patients classified as group A and B had better sensitivity and positive predictive value with the GOLD 2019 classification than GOLD 2015. GOLD 2015 had better sensitivity for group C and D than GOLD 2019. The area under the curve values for 5-year mortality were only 0.67 (95% CI 0.66–0.68) for GOLD 2015 and 0.65 (95% CI 0.63–0.66) for GOLD 2019.The new GOLD 2019 classification does not predict mortality better than the previous GOLD 2015 system.

Short-term and long-term impact of diagnosed and undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-139341
Author(s):  
Francesca Gatta ◽  
Yama Haqzad ◽  
Mahmoud Loubani
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Long Term Mortality

ObjectivesThis study sought to compare clinical outcomes between three categories of patients: non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diagnosed COPD and undiagnosed COPD in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.MethodsA single-centred retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2019. Primary outcomes were postoperative complications, length of ITU admission and in-hospital staying. Secondary outcomes were reintervention rate, in-hospital and long-term mortality.ResultsA total of 4020 patients were analysed and divided into three cohorts: non-COPD (group A) (74.55%, n=2997), diagnosed COPD (group B) (14.78%, n=594) and undiagnosed COPD (group C) (10.67%, n=429). The rate of respiratory complications was noted in this order: group B>group C>group A (p 0.00000002). Periooperative acute kidney injury and wound complications were higher in group B (p 0.0004 and p 0.03, respectively). Prolonged in-hospital staying (days) resulted in group B (p 0.0009). Finally, long-term mortality was statistically higher in group B and C compared with group A (p 0.0004). No difference in long-term mortality was noted in relation to the expected FEV1% in group B (p 0.29) and group C (p 0.82).ConclusionsIn CABG surgery, COPD is a well-known independent risk factor for morbidity. Patients with preoperative spirometry results indicative of COPD result in the same outcomes of known patients with COPD. As a result of that, greater value should be given to the preoperative spirometry in the EuroSCORE. Finally, the expected FEV1% appears not be a predictor for long-term survival.

scholarly journals Effects of calisthenics on exercise capacity, symptoms and quality of life in COPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6296-6300
Author(s):  
Ganapathy Sankar U ◽  
Monisha R
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the leading cause of death and disability in India. The study aims to evaluate the effects of CSC- COPD Sitting Calisthenics on exercise capacity, symptoms and quality of life. Twenty-five patients with COPD admitted in SRM Medical college hospital, and research centre (Department of respiratory medicine) were included in the study. After calculating the samples of 25 with excluding one drop outpatient, randomly assigned 12 patients in each group, group A (n = 12), group B (n = 12) and the patients in two groups received five sessions of intervention (CSC and CET) in the hospital stay. The results indicate that there is a significant improvement in exercise capacity in callisthenics group on day 5 (P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference found for modified Borg's scale on day 5 in callisthenics group. QOL showed a statistically significant difference in Group A, and the current study concludes that callisthenics is effective in improving exercise capacity and QOL in patients diagnosed with COPD.

Clinical and Functional Features of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Russian Primary Health Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1392-1395
Author(s):  
A. Nizov ◽  
A. Ermachkova ◽  
M. Dzhurdzhevich ◽  
I. Ponomareva ◽  
S. Glotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Group A ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stage 1

Aim: To reveal the clinical and functional features in patients with COPD in Russian primary health care. Methods: At stage 1, COPD risk factors were assessed among persons with respiratory symptoms (n=525). Stage 2 included screening spirometry. At stage 3, patients with COPD were examined to determine clinical and functional features. The COPD group included 150 patients in age from 45 to 81 years (56.1±2.3 years). According to the GOLD classification, patients were divided into the following groups: group A – 59 patients (39.3%), group B – 30(20%), group C – 29(19%) and group D – 32(21.7%). Results: Mild to moderate COPD was registered in 62% of cases. 88(58.7%) had few symptoms of the disease (mMRC-0-1, CAT <10 points), 62(41.3%) had many symptoms (mMRC-0-1, CAT ≥10 points). There is a correlation between the rate of exacerbations and severity of COPD (r=0,56, p<0,05 ). Most of the patients without exacerbations belonged to group A (45.4%). There were no significant demographic differences between the groups in terms of age, gender, and smoking status (p>0.05). 58.3% of COPD patients had a 1point mMRC score and 41.7% of patients had a score of more than 2. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of COPD between adults with mild to moderate severity. Keywords: COPD, spirometry, mMRC, CAT.

scholarly journals Change of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines Levels in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Pneumonia and Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153303382095180
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Xincai Li ◽  
ChaoLin Huang ◽  
Ying Lin ◽  
Qingfu Dai
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the serum inflammatory cytokines levels in patients with COPD, pneumonia and lung cancer, and assess the correlation between the levels of inflammatory cytokines levels and development of these diseases. Methods: Two hundred thirty-two patients including 114 patients with pneumonia, 76 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 42 patients with lung cancer, and 62 age-matched healthy volunteers as controls were enrolled. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in serum were analyzed by flow cytometry microsphere array (CBA). Results: We found that the levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in patients with lung cancer, COPD and pneumonia were significantly higher than control group. The IL-6 in the lung cancer group were significantly increased compared with the controls and COPD group, pneumonia group. IFN-γ and IL-2 levels were lower in lung cancer compared with controls and COPD group, pneumonia group. TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 levels were increased in patients with COPD and pneumonia compared with controls. In addition, the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-6 were increased in acute exacerbation COPD (AECOPD) group compared with stable COPD group. Conclusion: In conclusion, elevated TNF-α and IL-10 levels in serum may be related with lung diseases including lung cancer, COPD and pneumonia. Additionally, IFN-γ and IL-6 might be potential biomarkers for the further deterioration of lung disease patients. The increased concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-6 might be used to predict the exacerbation of COPD.

Serum carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7 in lung cancer and non-malignant pulmonary inflammations

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1328-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željko Debeljak ◽  
Sandra Dundović ◽  
Sonja Badovinac ◽  
Sanja Mandić ◽  
Miroslav Samaržija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Biomarker Panel ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Roc Area

Abstract Background: Carbohydrate sulfotransferases (CHST) were shown to be involved in carcinogenesis. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of serum CHST7 concentration in differentiation between lung cancer and non-malignant pulmonary inflammations. Methods: Clinical case-control study involving 125 participants was conducted: the control group containing cases of pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was compared to the lung cancer group composed of primary and metastatic cancers. Serum concentrations of CHST7 and routinely used markers including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were determined for each participant using immunochemical methods. Statistical association, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and cross-validation were used for the evaluation of CHST7 either as a standalone biomarker or as a part of a biomarker panel. Results: In comparison to the control group, serum CHST7 was elevated in lung cancer (p<0.001), but no differences between the overall stages of primary cancers were detected (p=0.828). The differentiation performance in terms of ROC area under curve (AUC) was 0.848 making CHST7 superior biomarker to the NSE (p=0.031). In comparison to CEA and CYFRA 21-1, the performance differences were not detected. CHST7 was not correlated to other biomarkers, and its addition to the routine biomarker panel significantly improved the cross-validated accuracy (85.6% vs. 75.2%) and ROC AUC (p=0.004) of the differentiation using a machine learning approach. Conclusions: Serum CHST7 is a promising biomarker for the differentiation between lung cancer and non-malignant pulmonary inflammations.

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