scholarly journals The Causes and Countermeasures of Corruption in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. p31
Author(s):  
Di Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Regional Income Inequality ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

Based on the Transparency International’s rank, China have had serious corruption issue so far (Lawrence & Weber, 2017). Since the reform and opening-up policy has been carried out in 1978, corruption has rapidly worsened in China, although the Chinese economy has been performing well (Wederman, 2004). Some scholars argued that the corruption may distort the allocation of resources, but unlike other countries, China’s economic growth was not affected significantly by corruption because of high level of public trust (Li & Wu, 2007). However, corruption may result in a serious regional income inequality and has significant negative consequences of increasing public resentment and social unrest causing more harm to economy (Wu & Zhu, 2011). As a result, the Chinese government often aggressively punishes the corruption actions by law (Lawrence & Weber, 2017).There are currently few researches to focus on corruption in China because of sensitive nature of corruption and lack of effective methodologies limited to surveys and case studies (Guo, 2008). In this paper, corruption only refers to bribery, a common form and consequence of abuse of public authority for personal gains (Wederman, 2004). By looking at some literatures, this short paper first elaborated on several reasons why corruption in China has been so serious, then come up with a constructive framework coping with corruption.

scholarly journals Patterns of Agricultural Diversification in China and Its Policy Implications for Agricultural Modernization

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4978
Author(s):  
Hongyun Han ◽  
Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Agricultural Modernization ◽  
Agricultural Diversification ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Chinese Agriculture ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Central South ◽  
Opening Up

Based on the value of agricultural farm products produced by different subsectors in China, the foregoing analysis reveals the dynamic character of agricultural diversification by which, this study seeks to examine the evolutionary process of Chinese agriculture through a quantitative study of agricultural diversification at both national and provincial levels. In the initial stages of reform and opening up, the degree of agricultural diversification in the southwest was relatively high; then the center of agricultural diversification gradually moved to the southeast of China; finally, the degree of agricultural diversification in the economically developed eastern provinces was obviously higher than those in other regions in 2019. It was seen that some provinces in the eastern and central south regions moved toward increasing diversification in one direction, and other provinces changed direction, first moving toward diversification and later toward concentration or vice versa. These oscillations implied that there was a cyclic tendency of agricultural diversification along with an increase in per capita GDP. Generally speaking, the patterns of diversification differed across regions due to diversified agricultural subsectors resulting from different natural and socio-economic circumstances. In particular, in less developed regions with lower agricultural diversification levels, farming agriculture persistently dominated the leading position with relatively more resistance to modernizing trends in other aspects of agriculture. It is urgent for the Chinese government to figure out ways off reconciling agricultural productivity with environmental quality through the ecological intensification of agriculture.

scholarly journals The Effects of China’s “Belt and Road Initiative” and “31 Measures to Benefit Taiwan” on the Development of Taiwanese Enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Hsiung-Shen Jung ◽  
Jui-Lung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
The People ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
Opening Up

China has achieved rapid economic growth and become involved in the economic globalization through its policy of reform and opening-up and modernization. It has attracted much investment from lots of Taiwanese enterprises, including some small and medium-sized enterprises featuring a high labor cost and facing difficult operation in the traditional industries. Thanks to the policy, many Taiwanese enterprises have got a chance to rebirth by transforming their crises into opportunities. With the implementation of the policy of urbanization, the people from rural areas in China have been moving to urban areas, and the enterprises of the second and third industries have been concentrating in cities. This has not only fueled the livelihood-oriented consumption in China but also expanded the domestic demand market of the Taiwanese medium and large-sized livelihood enterprises in China. The Belt and Road trade foundation construction program, which aims to link Europe, Asia and Africa and was proposed in 2013, is an extension of the Great Development of Western Part of China and offers Taiwanese enterprises a chance to get fully involved in the development of the international market. The 31 Measures to Benefit Taiwan announced by the Chinese government in February 2018 has significant influence on the future development of the Taiwanese enterprises in China. Therefore, this paper will elaborate on the effects of the Belt and Road and the 31 Measures to Benefit Taiwan on the Taiwanese enterprises.

scholarly journals The Language Features and Translation of Business Contracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p42
Author(s):  
Li Chunying
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Business ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Business Contract ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

Since the reform and opening up policy was adopted, Chinese economy has been keeping on developing with high speed, so as to its international trade. Therefore, English business contracts are widely used in the foreign economic and trade activities. However, we also find that there are still many foreign-related economic disputes which mainly caused by the ambiguity of translation happening in these trades. Due to the unclear rules of the parties’ obligations and rights, the improper translation of the contract, the meaning vague and the loose broad, the parties are tracked in this situation where any part of them could intentionally or unintentionally exploited a contractual loophole to avoid responsibility and obligation, which would lead to a dispute. The distortion of translation can lead to the fuzziness and uncertainty of contract which can be easily exploited by commercial fraud to evade responsibility; this situation is happened in reality and practice which has negative impact on foreign relations and trade. In order to make the business activities carried out more effectively, this article will discuss it mainly from the perspective of lexical characteristics and translation principal of business contract in order to make the translation be more accurate to benefit international business trade.

scholarly journals Controlling Methods and Causes of Wall Cracks of Civil and Industrial Construction Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Construction Quality ◽  
Industrial Construction ◽  
Building Safety ◽  
The Common ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Safety And Stability ◽  
Opening Up

Since the reform and opening up, Chinese economy has developed rapidly. Industrial and civil construction projects have made significant progress. That said, it is of great significance to further strengthen the construction management of industrial and civil construction projects for the long-term development of construction industry in China. In terms of reality, one of the common problems in the current industrial and civil construction is wall cracks, which will have an important impact on the appearance of the building and the overall construction quality. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the reasons and put forward corresponding measures on it. That is how we can continuously improve the construction quality in civil and industrial construction projects, thereby achieving the enhancement of building safety and stability.

scholarly journals Structural changes and economic growth in China over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Xiahui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Industry ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

PurposeDuring the process of reform and opening-up, the structural transformations of the Chinese economy have two significant leaps forward and demonstrate a process of “rural area–industrialization (urban industry and rural industry)–urbanization” development powered by the main engine of economic growth.Design/methodology/approachThese two leaps forward resulted in transitions of economic structure in China. In the author’s view, structural transformations are closely related to China's economic reforms and can be divided into clear phases.FindingsThe structural transformations have two significant leaps forward and demonstrate a process of “rural area–industry (urban industry and rural industry)–urban area development” powered by the main engine of economic growth.Originality/valueThis paper reviews and summarizes the development and structural transformations in China’s economy over the last 40 years. The author believes that China’s economic miracle is accompanied by dramatic changes in its economic structure, which is particularly characterized by the ongoing process of transition from a traditional agricultural economy into a country with high industrial output, from industrialization into urbanization and from a planned economy into a market economy.

Selling Foreign Investment Short

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
William H. Overholt
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
High Level ◽  
State Enterprises

Yasheng Huang is a thoughtful, articulate observer of China's political economy, who has gained international respect. Many high-level conferences benefit from his insights, and this reviewer is indebted on a variety of issues. Selling China is essentially two books. One is a very impressive, very carefully documented review of the negative consequences for the Chinese economy of laws and policies that advantage state enterprises at the expense of private enterprises – particularly of a financial system that allocates financial resources overwhelmingly to relatively inefficient state enterprises, and proportionately disadvantages private enterprises. As Huang details, the current Chinese system allocates advantages and disadvantages to firms according to a political pecking order rather than by credit quality. China's markets are highly fragmented and locally protected. China's banks allocate capital disproportionately to state enterprises. Its stock and bond markets are largely restricted by policy, although not by law, to state enterprises. Implicit government guarantees of loans to the biggest state enterprises (SOEs), together with weak private-sector accounting standards, make it irrational for the banks to lend to private firms rather than to big SOEs.

scholarly journals Innovative Thought of Tendering Management Mechanism of Universities and Colleges in China under New Circumstances--Taking North China Electric Power University as an Example

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ze Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
North China ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Management Mechanism ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

ince the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached growing importance to education, and has invested more resources and funds into higher education. In addition, the government has also invested large amounts of funds and technologies in the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges. The undertakings related to the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges in China are complicated in essence. Therefore, funds and technologies of the highest standards should be introduced. At the same time, external tendering is necessary for some undertakings. Currently, the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges in China is the traditional, which is ridden with some problems to be resolved in the shortest possible period. This paper focuses on the current problems of the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges and their solutions. Taking the tendering model in the undertakings of North China Electric Power University as an example, it notes setbacks of the traditional tendering model, and provides kind of theoretical support for establishing a new tendering model for universities and colleges and the related enterprises in China.

China’s Sustainable Industrialization and Its Significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 1940003
Author(s):  
Chaoxian GUO ◽  
Yue HU
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
It Application ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

China’s reform and opening-up over the past 40 years is in nature of an industrialization process. China’s industrial development conforms to the development goals, principles and spirit of inclusive and sustainable industrialization established in the United Nations’ Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This paper reviewed the main achievements obtained during China’s industrial development since the reform and opening up, and set forth the methods the Chinese Government had used to promote sustainable industrialization from five aspects, i.e. taking measures to promote infrastructure construction, paying high attention to scientific and technological innovations, boosting the integration of IT application with industrialization, advancing industrial energy conservation and emission reduction and developing small and medium enterprises. At the end, this paper pointed out that China’s industrial development and sustainable industrialization are not only important to the country itself, but also to the world’s economic development and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Scientific understanding of the fundamentals of China's economic development

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
Taiyan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Operation ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Opening Up

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is based on China’s economic fundamentals. Factor input, structural optimization and institutional reform, which determine the fundamentals of China's economic development, will actively prop up long-term, sustained and stable growth of the Chinese economy and keep China's potential economic growth rate stabilized within a reasonable growth range in the long term.Design/methodology/approachThe fundamentals of economic development of a country are the basic situation of economic operation determined by the country's main factors and the long-term trend thereof, and they have such characteristics as stability, internality and persistence.FindingsStability refers to economic operation that remains relatively stable within a reasonable growth range at a certain stage of development, and this does not rule out exceptional economic fluctuations in certain years due to the impact of unexpected short-term factors. For instance, the fundamentals of the Chinese economy during the period after the reform and opening-up are characterized by a sustained high growth rate.Originality/valueInternality refers to the intrinsic quantity and quality of all factors supporting the economic development of a country, especially the quantity and quality of the factors that play a decisive role in the economic development of a country at a specific stage. For instance, demographic dividend and capital formation have bolstered the high-speed growth of the Chinese economy since the reform and opening-up.

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