scholarly journals Economic Issues in Budgeting Genetic Test in Israel and in the World

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Sara Gabaren
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Economic Considerations

<p><em>Promotion and performance of hereditary screening tests is known by the world health organizations as one of the economically most efficient processes, i.e., investing resources in screening tests in a process, which has increasing efficiency every year to locate an increasing number of known hereditary diseases in order to advice in preventing pregnancies with risk to have a child with incurable hereditary diseases and that will shorten his life expectancy. However, besides the economic success discussion, the other side must be examined, the side of the tests’ target population. For this population the screening tests’ economic aspect is both the tests cost and the illness’s influence on the family. The discussion in these two aspects is separate, with only few researches examining the mutual influence of these economic considerations. Therefore, an integrated examination of the considerations must be taken to increase the hereditary screening tests and continue to reduce the incidence of hereditary disease in the world.</em></p>

Characterizing the effectiveness of COVID-19 mitigation measures: A data-centric approach (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Olagoke ◽  
Ahmet E. Topcu
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND COVID-19 represents a serious threat to both national health and economic systems. To curb this pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a series of COVID-19 public safety guidelines. Different countries around the world initiated different measures in line with the WHO guidelines to mitigate and investigate the spread of COVID-19 in their territories. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of these control measures using a data-centric approach. METHODS We begin with a simple text analysis of coronavirus-related articles and show that reports on similar outbreaks in the past strongly proposed similar control measures. This reaffirms the fact that these control measures are in order. Subsequently, we propose a simple performance statistic that quantifies general performance and performance under the different measures that were initiated. A density based clustering of based on performance statistic was carried out to group countries based on performance. RESULTS The performance statistic helps evaluate quantitatively the impact of COVID-19 control measures. Countries tend show variability in performance under different control measures. The performance statistic has negative correlation with cases of death which is a useful characteristics for COVID-19 control measure performance analysis. A web-based time-line visualization that enables comparison of performances and cases across continents and subregions is presented. CONCLUSIONS The performance metric is relevant for the analysis of the impact of COVID-19 control measures. This can help caregivers and policymakers identify effective control measures and reduce cases of death due to COVID-19. The interactive web visualizer provides easily digested and quick feedback to augment decision-making processes in the COVID-19 response measures evaluation. CLINICALTRIAL Not Applicable

scholarly journals On Commandment as Refuge: Exploring the Politics of Health and Indigenous African Religion on Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepetla Molapo
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health It ◽  
African Countries ◽  
African Religion ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Pragmatic Turn ◽  
Inclusive Form

This paper explores the significance of the turn to the religion of the family and the clan (i.e., indigenous African religion) taking place under the contemporary conditions of Covid-19 in many African countries. It does this in order to exhibit the Africanity that is hidden by this otherwise pragmatic turn. The paper explores this Africanity by drawing from the classical African story of Seila-Tsatsi, which it argues has its roots in religious education. The key aim of its examination of this Africanity is interrogate a politics of health it claims the World Health Organisation advances. The paper does not explore this turn by accounting for the meanings individuals attribute to it but is rather abstract and conceptual in its approach. The argument it makes is that the contemporary turn to the religion of the family and the clan exhibits desire for an inclusive form of relationality that ought to inform fair, equitable and just health outcomes. It argues that the WHO’s politics of health is blind to this model because it stubbornly upholds binary thought.

scholarly journals Managing Screening Tests of Hereditary Diseases and Challenges in Their Conduction in Arab Sector of Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Sara Gabaren
Keyword(s):  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The World ◽  
Arab Sector

Hereditary diseases are a known factor in the world to mortality and morbidity of infants. The frequency of these diseases characterizes specific population segments more than others. Acknowledging the efficiency and profitability of performing screening tests, raises the question of Arab women’s low responsiveness to perform the hereditary screening tests comparing to Jewish women and in general.

scholarly journals Peter Chew Formular for calculate Covid-19 Vaccine efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter chew
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
New England ◽  
Target Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Worker ◽  
The Public ◽  
1 Peter ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) said the situation in India was a "devastating reminder" of what the coronavirus could do. India shifts from mass vaccine exporter to importer, worrying the world. Every country needs to vaccinate its citizens faster, vaccination can reduce viral load. This results in vaccination that can reduce transmission, preventing serious illness and death'. Therefore, Countries with higher levels of vaccination can prevent them from becoming "Second India".Preprint study, Vaccination Education App (1). [Peter Chew, 2021] shows that most people do not take the covid-19 vaccine because they question the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. Therefore, it is important to create a simple formula for calculate the efficiency of the covid-19 vaccine. The purpose of creating this calculation formula is to allow the public to calculate the efficiency of the covid-19 vaccine by themselves, so that they can understand the effectiveness of the vaccine and decide to take the vaccine. This helps to get a high response to COVID vaccinationMethods: Use the Data publish at The New England JOURNAL of MEDICINE, Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine [Fernando P. Polack et all , 2020]. Calculate of Pfizer BioNTech’s COVID-19 vaccine efficiency by using normal formular and Peter Chew Formular , show that the same result are obtain, which is 95.0599 %. In addition, By using public news information, the public can use the Peter Chew formula to easily calculate Covid-19 vaccine efficacy. This is to ensure public can do the calculation themselves. A calculation of relative risk is also provided to provide more information to persuade the public to take the vaccine.Results: The efficiency of Pfizer BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine for Malaysian medical worker calculated by using the Peter Chew formula is 95.0599 %. In addition, the calculation of Peter Chew's formula also shows that before the vaccination, about 12 medical staff were infected every day, but after the full vaccination, only about one medical worker was infected every two days. The calculation of relative risk can also make it easier for the public to know that people who are not vaccinated with Pfizer BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine are 22 times more likely to be infected than people who are fully vaccinated. The above results can convince those who easily question the effectiveness of vaccination.Conclusions: Peter Chew Formular easy to calculate, and the data required for the Peter Chew Formular calculation easy to obtain from public news. This is to ensure that the public can calculate the efficacy of the vaccine by themselves. The information on the calculation can let public compare the average target group get infected every day before and after fully vaccination is also an advantage to let public know the effectiveness of vaccination. One of the advantage of Peter Chew formulator is that we can assume a high target population of vaccination with k = 100, such as the medical worker group When k = 100, the Peter Chew formular calculation becomes very simple. The Proof of Peter Chew Formular must also be shown.

The Concept “Family” in the Oral Autobiographical Stories of Siberians

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-68
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Voloshina ◽  
◽  
Tatiana A. Demeshkina ◽  
Maria A. Tolstova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Tomsk Oblast ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Speech Genre ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ordinary Consciousness

The aim of the article is to analyze the implementation of the concept “family” in the speech genre of an autobiographical story. The research material is 200 oral autobiographical stories, which were recorded in the villages of Tomsk Oblast during dialectological expeditions from 1946 till 2021. The informants are residents of villages of Tomsk Oblast; they are representatives of different types of speech culture (native speakers of dialect and literary language). All stories are characterized by a relatively stable theme, means of language implementation, and structure, which allows qualifying them as a speech genre whose communicative purpose is to tell about life from the moment of birth to the moment of communication. The novelty of the article is connected with: (1) its appeal to the problem of interaction and mutual influence of the concept and the speech genre in oral everyday discourse, (2) the identification of cognitive features of the concept, (3) the definition of factors of transformation of ideas about the family in ordinary consciousness. The analysis of the concept makes it possible to obtain new data about the speech genre of the autobiographical story and its construction. The speech genre shows the dependence of the features of the content and implementation of the concept “family” on the sphere of functioning. This factor determines the theoretical significance of the results obtained. The analysis of the concept in the speech genre is carried out using the method of modeling and description of the conceptual, figurative, and value layers in the structure of the concept. As a result of contextual analysis, 16 cognitive features were identified; they are represented in the conceptual layer of the concept “family” and actualized in the speech of informants (family size, social status, compliance with moral norms, relations between family members, attitude to work, etc.). The conceptual layer is developed in detail in the oral everyday communication of Siberians. It is represented by a large number of lexical units. The figurative layer of the concept is characterized by single actualizations. At the same time, the variety of their expression is noted: metaphor, metonymy, comparisons are used. The world of the family can form the initial and resulting spheres of metaphorical models. In the initial sphere, the world of plants (roots, mushrooms), products (noodles) is mainly reflected; the semantics of unity and kinship is actualized in the initial sphere. The value layer of the concept “family” is well represented in the oral autobiographical discourse. It indicates that the family occupies one of the main places in the system of life values of peasants. The specifics of structuring this concept in the oral everyday discourse are determined mainly by the attitudes, norms of traditional culture (the family should be large, friendly, hardworking, young members of family honor the older ones, etc.). At the same time, changes in the system of family values determined by sociohistorical processes are noted. These changes are evaluated ambiguously by informants, and the family is still one of the main values of life for them. Regional (natural, social, historical, geographic) specificity is reflected in the actualization of the concept.

scholarly journals Prevalence of black tooth stains and dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Gasparetto ◽  
Carlos Alberto Conrado ◽  
Sandra Mara Maciel ◽  
Ernesto Yiokihiro Miyamoto ◽  
Mariliane Chicarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Target Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

This study evaluated the correlation between the presence of black extrinsic tooth stains and caries in Brazilian schoolchildren. The target population consisted of 263 children aged 6-12 years. Clinical examinations were performed by four dentists calibrated for the World Health Organization criteria for caries diagnosis. The c² test was used to compare the prevalence of caries between groups of children with and without black tooth stains. Spearman's correlation test was used to analyze the relationship between the presence of black stains and caries severity. Black stains were observed in 14.8% of the children. The number of children with caries-free permanent dentition was not statistically different between groups. The mean DMF-T was 1.46 ± 1.39 for children with black stains and 2.42 ± 2.09 for children without black stains. A negative correlation was observed between the presence (r = -0.16; p<0.05) and severity (r = -0.15; p<0.01) of black stains and DMF-T.

scholarly journals A importância da orientação dos profissionais das equipes de saúde da família a cerca do uso da fitoterapia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Andressa Lacerda Nóbrega ◽  
Paula Taciana Dantas Ugulino ◽  
Danielle Ferreira Cajá ◽  
Antonia Elinaíde Ferreira Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
Health Team ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of

<p>As plantas medicinais são definidas como aquelas capazes de produzir princípios ativos que possam alterar o funcionamento de órgãos e sistemas, restaurando o equilíbrio orgânico ou a homeostasia nos casos de enfermidades, assim como outras terapias, fazem parte da chamada Medicina Tradicional, a equipe de Saúde da Família deve atuar de maneira eficaz na orientação da adequada utilização dessa terapêutica complementar, tendo em vista a ampla utilização de plantas medicinais pela população que é atendida nas unidades de Saúde da Família. O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a importância da orientação dos profissionais de saúde das equipes de saúde da família a cerca do uso da fitoterapia. A pesquisa se trata de um estudo bibliográfico realizado a partir da seleção de artigos, oriundos do banco de dados de Revistas e outras publicações literárias, datadas dos períodos de 2006 a 2014. Os resultados mostram que a utilização de plantas no tratamento de doenças e infecções é uma prática milenar, que continua sendo difundida na atualidade, e que no Brasil essa prática é reconhecida pela organização mundial de saúde, e pelo ministério da saúde, sendo regulamentada por lei, no entanto é importante o apoio e a orientação dos profissionais das equipes de saúde da familia, em especial do enfermeiro, sendo ele considerado uma peça chave nesse processo, pois estes mantém um maior vínculo com a população sendo conhecedor dos costumes e culturas em que a população está inserida.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>The importance of professional orientation of family health teams a fence phytotherapy use</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Medicinal plants are defined as those capable of producing active ingredients that can alter the functioning of organs and systems, restoring organic balance or homeostasis in cases of illness, as well as other therapies are part of the so-called traditional medicine, the health team Family must act effectively in guiding the appropriate use of this complementary therapy, with a view to wider use of medicinal plants by the population that is served in the Family Health Units. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of guidance for health professionals of family health teams about the use of herbal medicine. The research is a bibliographical study from the selection of items, arising from the Journals Database and other literary publications, dating from the period 2006 to 2013. The results show that the use of plants to treat diseases and infections It is an ancient practice that is still widespread today, and that in Brazil this practice is recognized by the world health organization, and the ministry of health, being regulated by law, however it is important the support and guidance of professional teams health of the family, especially the nurse, it is considered a key player in this process, as they maintain a stronger link with the population being knowledgeable of customs and cultures where the population is located.</p>

scholarly journals Family planning services and programmes in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-624
Author(s):  
L. O. Chichakli ◽  
H. K. Atrash ◽  
A. S. Musani ◽  
J. T. Johnson ◽  
R. Mahaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
World Health ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Health Organization

This paper presents the findings of a 1999 survey of 19 countries of the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region on the family planning services and programmes in the Region. Data were collected using a questionnaire which explored the following areas: the presence of population or family planning policies and family planning activities, the family planning services available, promotional and educational activities on family planning, quality assurance, family planning data collection, analysis and dissemination, and the use of such information. The results indicate that 13 of the countries have national policies on population and family planning but even in those that do not, family planning services are widely available. The scope of the services provided varied. There is still a need to implement or strengthen family planning programmes in the Region, a need which is recognized by the countries themselves

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