Annual Biomass Production, Chemical Composition and In- sacco Degradability of Different Cultivars of Moringa oleifera

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of substituting maize grain with maize cobs treated with 25% urea (U) plus 75% wood ash (WA) on chemical composition and in sacco degradability. Maize grain was substituted with graded levels of 25U75WA in the dietary ingredients and the treatments were: 100M = 100% maize grain, 66M34C = 66% maize grain plus 34% treated maize cobs, 34M66C = 34% maize grain plus 66% treated maize cobs and 100C = 100% treated maize cobs. Samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL); they were incubated in saccofor 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs and their DM degradation kinetics described using the equation y = a + b ct (1- e- ). Results indicated that as maize grain is substituted with treated maize cobs, NDF, ADF and ADL also increased, however only the neutral detergent soluble (NDS) for treatment 100C was reduced. At 72 hrs of incubation, treatment 34M66C had the highest DM degradation, rapidly soluble fraction 'a' and potential degradability 'a+b'. It was concluded that maize cobs treated with combinations of urea and WA could substitute 66% of maize grain in sheep diets. Une expérience a été menée pour déterminer l'effet de la substitution du grain de maïs par des épis de maïs traités avec 25 % d'urée (U) plus 75 % de cendre de bois (WA) sur la composition chimique et la dégradabilité du sac. Le grain de maïs a été remplacé par des niveaux gradués de 25U75WA dans les ingrédients alimentaires et les traitements étaient : et 100C = 100 % d'épis de maïs traités. Les échantillons ont été analysés pour la matière sèche (MS), la matière organique (MO), les cendres, les protéines brutes (CP), les fibres au détergent neutre (NDF), les fibres au détergent acide (ADF) et la lignine au détergent acide (ADL) ; ils ont été incubés dans sacco pour 6, 12, 24, 48 et 72 heures et leur cinétique de dégradation de la matière sèche décrite en utilisant l'équation y = a + b (1-e-ct). Les résultats ont indiqué que lorsque le grain de maïs est remplacé par des épis de maïs traités, NDF, ADF et ADL ont également augmenté, mais que seul le détergent neutre soluble (NDS) pour le traitement 100C a été réduit. À 72 heures d'incubation, le traitement 34M66C présentait la plus forte dégradation de MS, la fraction rapidement soluble « a » et la dégradabilité potentielle « a+b ». Il a été conclu que les épis de maïs traités avec des combinaisons d'urée et d'AO pouvaient remplacer 66% des grains de maïs dans l'alimentation des moutons.

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Effect of fungal treatment on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200013259 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2003 ◽

pp. 166-166

Author(s):

H. Fazaeli ◽

A. Azizi ◽

Z. A. M. Jelan ◽

S. A. Mirhadi

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Fungal Treatment ◽

In Sacco Degradability ◽

In Sacco

Fungal treatment has been recently considered as a promising method for improving the nutritive value of straw (Zadrazil et al., 1997). Several studies have been conducted to identify species of white-rot fungi for assessing their ability to improve the nutritive value of straw (Yamakamwa et al., 1992). Since there are many species of fungi in nature, there is an interest in characterising of some species. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of five Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw and evaluate their effect in upgrading the nutritive value of lignicellulosic materials.

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Prediction of aspects of neutral detergent fibre digestion of forages by chemical composition and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar04164 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 187 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Andrés ◽

F. J. Giráldez ◽

J. S. González ◽

R. Peláez ◽

N. Prieto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Chemical Data ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Near Infrared Reflectance ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽

In Sacco Degradability ◽

In Sacco

Sixty-two herbage samples, harvested in natural meadows located in the mountains of León (north-west Spain), and characterised by a diverse botanical composition and different stages of maturity of the plants, were used to evaluate the ability of chemical composition and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to predict in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) fraction. In vitro digestibility was performed as described by the Goering and Van Soest procedure. Three dry Holstein-Friesian cows fitted with a rumen cannula were used to incubate the herbage samples. A Bran+Luebbe InfraAlyzer 500 spectrophotometer was used to obtain the NIR spectra corresponding to the 62 original herbage samples. Prediction equations for the estimation of in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability parameters of the NDF fraction were generated using NIR spectra or chemical data as independent variables. The results showed that the in vitro digestibility and kinetic parameters of degradation of the NDF fraction could not be predicted accurately, probably as a consequence of the errors corresponding to the reference methods. In contrast, these errors did not greatly affect the extent of disappearance of the NDF fraction at later times, so the accuracy of prediction of these parameters was higher, especially when NIR spectra were used as independent variables. This is probably due to the close relationship that the parameters showed with the chemical data, since this kind of information, together with some physical characteristics of the samples, is included in the NIR spectra.

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Effect of Substituting Maize Grain with Urea/Wood Ash-Treated Maize Cobs on Chemical Composition, in Sacco Degradability and in Vitro Gas Production Parameters

Journal of Animal Science Advances ◽

10.5455/jasa.20160125115532 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1572

Author(s):

Abdulazeez A ◽

Tsopito M ◽

Madibela M

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Wood Ash ◽

Gas Production ◽

Production Parameters ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Maize Grain ◽

Maize Cobs ◽

In Sacco Degradability ◽

In Sacco

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Effect of Planting Density and Harvest Interval on the Leaf Yield and Quality of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) under Diverse Agroecological Conditions of Northern South Africa

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2017/2941432 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. P. Mabapa ◽

K. K. Ayisi ◽

I. K. Mariga

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Planting Density ◽

Fodder Crops

Smallholder livestock farmers who depend on natural communal grazing lands are particularly vulnerable to climate change as well as to food insecurity and should be encouraged to grow drought-tolerant fodder crops. Moringa oleifera is a highly valued plant, due to its exceptionally high nutritional content. This study was conducted at two experimental sites in the Limpopo province of northern South Africa to evaluate for the first time the effect of plant density and cutting interval on biomass production and chemical composition of moringa grown under two diverse climatic conditions. Four different planting densities (435,000, 300,000, 200,000, and 100,000 plants/ha) were arranged in a randomized complete block design and experimental samples were replicated four times. Data for biomass and gravimetric soil moisture content were collected each time the plants reached a height of 50 cm. Harvested leaves were analysed for chemical composition. An increase in the plant density led to elevated biomass production at both study locations, ranging between 527 and 2867 kg/ha. Moringa is capable of meeting all nutrient requirements of livestock depending on harvest time and location.

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