Access to medicines in the Brazilian Unified Health System’s primary health care: assessment of a public policy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana M Barbosa ◽  
Thais A Moreira ◽  
Renata CRM Nascimento ◽  
Mariana MG Nascimento ◽  
Francisco A Acurcio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Evaluative Study ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Network Program ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

In 2008, the Programa Rede Farmácia de Minas (RFM, literally translated: ‘Minas Gerais Pharmacy Network’ program) was created as a strategy to expand access to medicines. Aim: Measure access to medicines in public pharmacies through comparison between municipalities that joined or not the RFM. Materials & methods: Cross-sectional, evaluative study, gathering information from a representative sample of the municipalities in Minas Gerais between July 2014 and May 2015. The Poisson regression results were obtained by calculating the prevalence ratios. Results: Adequate access to medicines in Minas Gerais was 69.9%, being 75.8% in municipalities with and 69.2% without the RFM. The municipalities with the RFM showed statistically higher percentages in the Availability, Adequacy/Accommodation, and Acceptability dimensions. Conclusion: RFM appears an efficient strategy for promoting access to medicines.

scholarly journals Assessment of the attribute “Community Orientation” from the perspective of primary care adult users

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduarda Maria Duarte Rodrigues ◽  
Glaucia Margarida Bezerra Bispo ◽  
Milena Silva Costa ◽  
Camila Almeida Neves de Oliveira ◽  
Roberto Wagner Jr Freire de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Orientation ◽  
Evaluative Study ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Integration Of Services ◽  
Basic Health Units ◽  
Primary Care Assessment Tool

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the presence and extension of the attribute “Community Orientation” of Primary Health Care from the perspective of health services adult users from the Municipality of Juazeiro do Norte-CE. Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional and evaluative study, carried out in 14 Basic Health Units, from October 2016 to June 2017, using the Primary Care Assessment Tool. Results: The attribute assessment was negative, reaching expressive negative responses in the seven districts, with a mean score of 3.8 (±3.8). The Raw Score (RS) reached a mean of 6.6 and the Derived Score (DS) was assigned a score of 6.4, below the cut-off point ≥ 6.60. Conclusion: The low value of the DS represents that units are not providers of PHC, suggesting fragility in the integration of services with the community and the need to promote greater discussion among agents, when designing measures of intervention and improvement of scores.

scholarly journals Having children is associated with a higher prevalence of COVID-19 among young adults in Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Altamimi ◽  
Zain Almokhaizeem ◽  
Heba Alfouzan ◽  
Bedour AlHajri ◽  
Deema Alenezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objectives: The role of children in the transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. We investigated whether having children is associated with self-reported COVID-19 among adults. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled adults (n=2368; aged ≥21 years). Prior COVID-19 diagnosis and having children were self-reported. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results: Overall, 4.8% (114/2355) of the participants reported having had COVID-19. In the total sample, having children showed a trend for association with having had COVID-19 (aPR: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.99-2.14). Among participants aged 21-29 years, having children was associated with an increased prevalence of COVID-19 (aPR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.21-5.20). Such an association was not detected in adults aged ≥30 years. Conclusions: Our epidemiological findings highlight the possible role of children in spreading COVID-19. Hence, preventive measures should consider the role of children.

scholarly journals Primary health care attributes of family health teams with and without family physician

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A C F Martins ◽  
G A Pereira ◽  
W P P Gomes ◽  
C N Monteiro ◽  
C A S Siqueri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment

Abstract Background The four essential attributes of primary health care (PHC): access, longitudinality, comprehensiveness and coordination, guide the professional practices of service management and also the professionals of the family health strategy teams. Family medicine residence (FMR) is the speciality that trains medical practitioners capable of acting properly in PHC. It develops a person-centred approach, oriented towards the individual, his family and community, which dialogues with the PHC precepts of comprehensive patient care from a social point of view. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify whether there are differences in the PHC attributes perceived by patients treated by teams with FMR doctors and by the others. Methods This was an observed cross-sectional study conducted during 2019, which used the Adult Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) to evaluate preliminarily 28 PHC teams working at the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The teams were compared based on 337 patient answers using domains medians and Mann-Whitney tests. The study was approved by the ethics committee. Results Eight teams (28.6%) had doctors trained in FMR. The attributes of longitudinality and access were very similar between the two groups. The teams with FMR doctors showed better evaluations in the components: information systems, median 7.78, versus 6.67 (p = 0.391); services available, median 6.52, versus 6.06 (p = 0.086); and services received, median 4.85, versus 3.85 (p = 0.180) of the coordination and comprehensiveness attributes. Conclusions We didn't find statistically significant results indicating better PHC attributes of teams with FMR doctors, based on user perception. A continuous study is recommended to follow the evolution of this speciality in the PHC context. Key messages FMR is a fundamental key to PHC and must be evaluated continuously. It is necessary to strengthen their insertion in the Brazilian health system and discuss the ways to do so.

scholarly journals Prevalence and profile of users and non-users of anabolic steroids among resistance training practicioners

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ericson PEREIRA ◽  
Samuel Jorge MOYSES ◽  
Sérgio Aparecido IGNÁCIO ◽  
Daniel Komarchewski MENDES ◽  
Everdan CARNEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Abstract Background To verify the prevalence and profile of users and non-users of anabolic steroid (AS) among resistance training practitioners. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional prevalence survey was performed in 100 gyms in Curitiba city, involving 5773 individuals and self-administered questionnaires. . The chi-square and z-tests of proportions (p<0.05) were used for analysis. Prevalence ratio according to sex and age was calculated using the Poisson regression model (p<0.05). Results: 83.2% did not use, 9.1% formerly used, 3.4% currently used, and 4.3% intended used AS. The prevalence of former or current AS users was 16.9% and 6.5% among men and women, respectively. The prevalence ratios were as follows: 1) 2.6 male users for each woman; 2) 3.3 individuals aged 30-44 years and 2.8 individuals aged 18-29 years for each individual aged over 45 years. Beginners were not interested in using AS, but individuals who had trained longer had higher prevalence of AS use. Conclusions: The gym environment encouraged the use of AS owing to aesthetic appeal. Thus, suggesting the need for actions to prevent abusive use of AS considering the practitioners profile.

scholarly journals Avaliação dos atributos da atenção primária à saúde nas ações de controle da hanseníase [Assessment of the attributes of primary health care in leprosy control actions] [Evaluación de los atributos de la atención primaria a la salud en las acciones de control de la lepra]

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e31925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Figueiredo Vieira ◽  
Fernanda Moura Lanza ◽  
Francisco Carlos Félix Lana ◽  
José Ramón Martínez-Riera
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Leprosy Control

Objetivo: avaliar a presença e extensão dos atributos da atenção primária nas ações de controle da hanseníase, na visão dos profissionais de saúde. Método: estudo transversal, envolvendo 251 profissionais da atenção primária de Betim. Utilizou-se o Instrumento de avaliação de desempenho da atenção primária nas ações de controle da hanseníase, mediante entrevistas, sendo o escore calculado por meio da média das respostas dadas pelas Escala de Likert. Foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Resultados: forte orientação do serviço (≥6,6) nos atributos porta de entrada, integralidade dos serviços disponíveis e prestados, e orientação familiar; e fragilidades (<6,6) no acesso, orientação comunitária e profissional. Conclusão: ao avaliar a presença e extensão dos referidos atributos, os profissionais constataram deficiências que prejudicam a qualidade das ações de controle da hanseníase. Torna-se necessário integrar as ações da endemia na atenção primária para eliminar esse grave problema de saúde pública.ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the presence and extent of the attributes of primary health care in leprosy control measures in the view of health professionals. Method: this cross-sectional study involved 251 primary health care personnel in Betim. The Assessment Instrument primary care performance in leprosy control measures was used through interviews, with scores calculated as means of Likert Scale responses. The study was approved by the research ethics committee of Minas Gerais Federal University. Results: strengths (≥ 6.6) were service orientation to gateway attributes, comprehensiveness of services available and provided, and the family; and weaknesses (<6.6) were access, and orientation towards the community and health professionals. Conclusion: when evaluating the presence and extent of the attributes, the health professionals found deficiencies that impaired the quality of leprosy control measures. Measures to address the endemic must be integrated into primary care in order to eliminate this serious public health problem.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la presencia y extensión de los atributos de la atención primaria en las acciones de control de la lepra desde el punto de vista de profesionales de salud. Método: estudio transversal, involucrando a 251 profesionales de la atención primaria de Betim. Se utilizó el Instrumento de evaluación de rendimiento de la atención primaria en las acciones de control de la lepra, a través de entrevistas, siendo la puntuación calculada a través del promedio de las respuestas dadas por la escala de Likert. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais. Resultados: fuerte orientación del servicio (≥6,6) en los atributos puerta de entrada, integralidad de los servicios disponibles y ofrecidos, orientación familiar y fragilidades (<6,6) en el acceso, orientación comunitaria y profesional. Conclusión: al evaluar la presencia y extensión de los mencionados atributos, los profesionales constataron deficiencias que perjudican la calidad de las acciones de control de la lepra. Se hace necesario integrar las acciones de la endemia en la atención primaria para eliminar este grave problema de salud pública.

scholarly journals Assessment of primary health care: health professionals’ perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Albino da Silva ◽  
Denismar Alves Nogueira ◽  
Camila Maria da Silva Paraizo ◽  
Lislaine Aparecida Fracolli
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Health Program ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
First Contact

Objective To assess primary health care attributes of access to a first contact, comprehensiveness, coordination, continuity, family guidance and community orientation. Method An evaluative, quantitative and cross-sectional study with 35 professional teams in the Family Health Program of the Alfenas region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection was done with the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Brazil, professional version. Results Results revealed a low percentage of medical experts among the participants who evaluated the attributes with high scores, with the exception of access to a first contact. Data analysis revealed needs for improvement: hours of service; forms of communication between clients and healthcare services and between clients and professionals; the mechanism of counter-referral. Conclusion It was concluded that there is a mismatch between the provision of services and the needs of the population, which compromises the quality of primary health care.




scholarly journals Assessing the care of children under one year old in Primary Health Care

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cândida de Carvalho Furtado ◽  
Janaina Carvalho Braz ◽  
Juliana Coelho Pina ◽  
Débora Falleiros de Mello ◽  
Regina Aparecida Garcia de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Primary Care Assessment Tool

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the presence and extent of Primary Health Care attributes and the strength of affiliation of children under one year old in a Family Health Unit. METHOD: cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted between October 25, 2010 and May 14, 2011 with 44 mothers, using the Primary Care Assessment Tool to collect data. Data were analyzed by calculating the Essential Primary Health Care and General Primary Health Care scores. RESULTS: mothers recognized and experienced aspects of accessibility, comprehensive care and coordination of care, as well as community guidance, marked by a concern and involvement on the part of the health team in the children's care, their families and community. CONCLUSION: The Primary Health Care team makes efforts to approach the community and meet their health needs, seeking instruments that aid the promotion of qualified care to children.

scholarly journals Children's health care assistance according to their families: a comparison between models of Primary Care

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Bertoglio Comassetto Antunes de Oliveira ◽  
Maria de La Ó Ramallo Veríssimo
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Integration Of Care ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment

OBJECTIVE To compare the health assistance models of Basic Traditional Units (UBS) with the Family Health Strategy (ESF) units for presence and extent of attributes of Primary Health Care (APS), specifically in the care of children. METHOD A cross-sectional study of a quantitative approach with families of children attended by the Public Health Service of Colombo, Paraná. The Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCA-Tool) was applied to parents of 482 children, 235 ESF units and 247 UBS units covering all primary care units of the municipality, between June and July 2012. The results were analyzed according to the PCA-Tool manual. RESULTS ESF units reached a borderline overall score for primary health care standards. However, they fared better in their attributes of Affiliation, Integration of care coordination, Comprehensiveness, Family Centeredness and Accessibility of use, while the attributes of Community Guidance/Orientation, Coordination of Information Systems, Longitudinality and Access attributes were rated as insufficient for APS. UBS units had low scores on all attributes. CONCLUSION The ESF units are closer to the principles of APS (Primary Health Care), but there is need to review actions of child care aimed at the attributes of APS in both care models, corroborating similar studies from other regions of Brazil.

scholarly journals Assessment of Primary Health Care Attributes in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Simão de Abrantes ◽  
Débora Lana Alves Monteiro ◽  
Aline de Paula Rêgo Graciano Luz ◽  
Ricardo Alves de Olinda ◽  
Wilton Wilney Nascimento Padilha
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Education Activity ◽  
First Contact

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the presence and extent of Primary Health Care attributes in Campina Grande, Paraíba. Method: this is a cross-sectional study with 202 professionals from the Basic Health Units. The Primary Care Assessment Tool, Brazil, was used, which includes eight attributes of primary care whose scores were converted into a scale from 0 to 10, with those considered satisfactory > 6.60. Result: the general score mean was 7.6, but First contact access obtained a score of 3.7. Dental surgeons attributed the worst scores for all attributes (p <0.05). Permanent education activity was associated with a high general score (p <0.01). Conclusion: with the exception of First contact access, the other attributes are present, but initiatives by teams and managers are necessary for its expansion, with permanent education being the main strategy in this process.

scholarly journals Primary health care attributes assessment: children and adolescents living with HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibiana Sales Antunes ◽  
Stela Maris de Mello Padoin ◽  
Cristiane Cardoso de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the attributes derived from Primary Health Care (PHC) focusing on children and adolescents living with HIV, in the experience of health professionals, comparing traditional units (BHU) and Family Health Strategy (FHS). Method: Cross-sectional research in which 524 professionals from 25 cities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil were interviewed. The Primary Care Assessment Tool Brazil was used from March through August 2014. Results: The PHC score attributed to FHS (7.8) was higher than that attributed to BHU (6.8). The higher scores contributed to the home visit, the professional qualification and the employment bond, the latter acting independently of the others. Conclusion: The satisfactory evaluation of the derived attributes approves the interaction with users and community and the potential of PHC to attend these children and adolescents, and the home visit qualifies the practice.

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