Evaluation of platelet distribution width as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in bladder neoplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (33) ◽  
pp. 3797-3807
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Yajing Zhao ◽  
Jianfeng Cui ◽  
Shouzhen Chen ◽  
Benkang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bladder Neoplasm ◽  
Platelet Distribution Width ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Aim: To evaluate the role of preoperative platelet distribution width (PDW) as a potential biomarker for distinguishing malignancy and tumor advantage of bladder neoplasm. Methods: The study included 210 subjects with bladder cancer, 76 subjects with urothelial papilloma and 132 healthy control subjects. Preoperative PDW along with other blood indices was evaluated. Results: PDW was higher in urothelial papilloma patients than that in bladder cancer patients (p < 0.001). Bladder cancer patients with advanced-stage disease exhibited lower PDW levels compared with patients with early stage disease. Conclusion: Reduced preoperative PDW level is an indicator of malignancy and advanced bladder cancer stages, suggesting it as a potential biomarker in bladder cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

scholarly journals Baseline Plasma EGFR Circulating Tumour DNA Levels in a Pilot Cohort of EGFR-Mutant Limited-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Undergoing Radical Lung Radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 896-903
Author(s):  
Brendan Seng Hup Chia ◽  
Wen Long Nei ◽  
Sabanayagam Charumathi ◽  
Kam Weng Fong ◽  
Min-Han Tan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Limited Stage ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Egfr Mutant

The use of circulating cell-free tumour DNA (ctDNA) is established in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma to detect and monitor sensitising EGFR mutations. In early-stage disease, there is very little data supporting its role as a potential biomarker. We report on a prospective cohort of 9 limited-stage EGFR mutant lung cancer patients who were treated with radical radiotherapy. We looked at baseline plasma EGFR ctDNA and noted the detection rates to be higher in locally advanced disease. At a median follow-up of 13.5 months, an association between a detectable pre-radiotherapy plasma EGFR ctDNA and early tumour relapse (155 days vs. NR, p = 0.004) was noted. One patient with persistent plasma EGFR ctDNA predated radiological progression. The role of ctDNA in early-stage lung cancer is developing. Plasma EGFR ctDNA could be a useful biomarker in lung cancer patients undergoing radical treatments for staging, prognostication, and follow-up. These preliminary findings should be explored in larger studies.

Human papillomavirus, radiation dose and survival of patients with anal cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15071-e15071
Author(s):  
Rafi Kabarriti ◽  
Patrik Brodin ◽  
Nitin Ohri ◽  
Rahul Narang ◽  
Renee Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Locally Advanced Disease ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Hpv Status

e15071 Background: To determine if anal cancer patients with HPV positive disease have different overall survival (OS) compared to those with HPV negative disease, and to elucidate differences in the association between radiation dose and OS. Methods: We utilized the National Cancer Database (NCDB) registry to identify a cohort of non-metastatic anal cancer patients treated with curative intent between 2008 – 2015. Propensity score matching was used to account for potential selection bias between patients with HPV positive and negative disease. Multivariable Cox regression was used to determine the association between HPV status and OS. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to compare actuarial survival estimates. Results: We identified 5,927 patients with tumor HPV status for this analysis, 3,523 (59.4%) had HPV positive disease and 2,404 (40.6%) had HPV negative disease. Propensity-matched analysis demonstrated that patients with HPV positive locally advanced (T3-4 or node positive) anal cancer had better OS (HR=0.81 (95%CI: 0.68-0.96), p=0.018). For patients with early stage disease (T1-2 and node negative) there was no difference in OS (HR=1.11 (95%CI:0.86-1.43), p=0.43). In the unmatched cohort, there was an increase in 3-year OS for patients with HPV positive tumors or early stage disease up to 45-49.9 Gy (p<0.001), whereas for patients with HPV negative and locally advanced disease there was an increase in survival from 46% at 30-44.9 Gy, to 64% at 45-49.9 Gy (p=0.093) and further to 71% at 50-54.9 Gy (p=0.005). Conclusions: We found HPV to be a significant prognostic marker in anal tumors, especially for locally advanced disease. We further found that higher radiation dose up to 50-55 Gy was associated with better OS, mainly for locally advanced disease in HPV negative patients. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression for OS. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Time, Distance and Economics Influencing Cancer Care: Experience From a Regional Cancer Center in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 76s-76s
Author(s):  
N. Ballari ◽  
R. Miriyala ◽  
T. Jindia ◽  
S. Gedela ◽  
L. Annam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Time Distance

Background: There is a geographical, socioeconomical and logistic diversity among the cancer patients who reach a regional cancer center. In a developing economy like that of India's, only a minority of patients have medical insurance. So in our setup a cancer patient is met with time, distance and financial challenges. These intangible factors theoretically are expected to influence the ultimate outcome of cancer treatment. Aim: To evaluate the prevailing demographic and economic variables of cancer patients visiting our RCC and to look for any correlation among each other. Methods: The demographic details of cancer patients registered at our RCC between August 2017- September 2017 were retrieved retrospectively. Distance traveled to get to the RCC and get a diagnosis of cancer, time taken for diagnosis and initiation of treatment, and the source of finances for treatment were collected. A correlation among these factors was attempted to be identified. Statistical correlation was identified using Student t-test. Results: Among 591 patients who were analyzed, the median age of patient was 55 years old. The median time taken for the patient to reach the RCC from permanent residence after the beginning of cancer related complaints was 3.19 months. The median distance traveled for the same was 131 km. The source of income was private employment for 223 patients and government employment for 164 patients and self-employment for 200 patients. Only 164 patients had some kind of structured health scheme to manage their health care expenses. Among these, 96 patients had private insurance/reimbursement and 64 patients had government reimbursement. 384 (64%) of patients presented with advanced and locally advanced stage disease while 114 (19%) patients presented to us with early stage disease. However a correlation between delay in presentation to the RCC, distance traveled to reach the RCC, source of income and advanced stage of disease couldn't not be established. Conclusion: Majority of patients visiting our RCC is from far off places and most of these patients pay for the cancer treatment themselves without any support from government or private insurances. All these factors may be responsible for late or advanced stage presentation of cancer patients.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes and impact of prognostic factors following adjuvant radiotherapy in oral tongue cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidharth Pant ◽  
Punita Lal ◽  
Shagun Misra ◽  
Piyush Gupta ◽  
K. J. Maria Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Tongue Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Oral Tongue ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Oral Tongue Cancer

Abstract Background The purpose of the study was to evaluate survival outcomes in post-operative oral tongue cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) at a tertiary cancer care center and to critically review the impact of various clinical-pathological factors on recurrence and survival. Demographic factors, stage of all the histology proven oral tongue cancer, and treatment details were documented. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed along with the potential prognostic factors affecting outcome. Results One hundred forty-four post-operative oral tongue cancer patients referred to our department for adjuvant treatment were evaluated. Median age at presentation was 45 years. Forty-seven patients had pathological early stage disease (stages I and II) and 95 had locally advanced (stages III and IV) disease while post-op details were not present in 2 patients. At a median follow-up of 87 months (60–124) of alive patients, the median RFS for entire cohort was 62 months while median OS was 74 months respectively. Age, perineural invasion (PNI), and grade of the tumor emerged as independent prognostic factors for OS and RFS. Among patients with early stage disease, depth of invasion (DOI), age, and PNI were found as independent prognostic factors for RFS and OS. In locally advanced disease, higher grade, age, and PNI independently impacted the respective survival end points. Conclusions Age (> 45 years), higher grade, and presence of PNI showed inferior survival outcomes across the sub-groups (early versus locally advanced disease). This may warrant adjuvant treatment intensification. DOI > 10 mm was particularly found to worsen survival in early node negative SCC oral tongue patients.

scholarly journals Preoperative fibrinogen-to-prealbumin ratio and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio/prealbumin ratio versus platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio as a prognostic predictor for bladder cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jiacheng wu ◽  
Baoqian Zhai ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Xiaolin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Platelet Distribution Width ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Count Ratio

Abstract Background Evidence indicates that preoperative fibrinogen/prealbumin (FPR), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio/prealbumin ratio (NLR/PA) and platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio (PDW/PLT) possess prognostic potential in numerous malignancies. However, their roles in bladder cancer remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between FPR, NLR/PA versus PDW/PLT and the prognosis in bladder cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of 147 patients with bladder cancer treated in Nantong cancer hospital from January 2009 to August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. According to ROC curve, the optimal critical value of FPR, NLR/PA and PDW/PLT were 0.1084, 0.1045 and 0.1210 respectively. The patients were followed up for 5 years to observe the survival of the patients, and the clinicopathological data were statistically analyzed. Cox regression analysis was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Finally, on this basis, the nomogram is constructed for internal verification. Results All patients were followed up for 5 years. A total of 102 patients survived with a survival rate of 69.4%, 45 patients died with a mortality rate of 30.6%. Further stratified analysis showed that the group with low FPR, low NLR/PA and low PDW/PLT had the best prognosis, while the group with high FPR, high NLR/PA and high PDW/PLT had the worst prognosis. Cox multivariate analysis showed that preoperative FPR, NLR/PA and PDW/PLT were independent risk factors for tumor progression (p = 0.007, p = 0.013, p = 0.000). The decrease of FPR, NLR/PA and PDW/PLT can significantly prolong OS and PFS in patients with bladder cancer. In internal validation, the c-index of the nomogram was 0.8140 (95% CI: 0.7577–0.8703). Conclusions Preoperative FPR and NLR/PA versus PDW/PLT can be an independent prognostic factor in bladder cancer patients and are associated with clinicopathological characteristics. They have a specific value in assessing the prognosis of bladder cancer patients.

scholarly journals Cisplatin contributes to programmed death-ligand 1 expression in bladder cancer through ERK1/2-AP-1 signaling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Te-Fu Tsai ◽  
Ji-Fan Lin ◽  
Yi-Chia Lin ◽  
Kuang-Yu Chou ◽  
Hung-En Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease

Abstract Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic malignancy and the ninth most common malignancy worldwide. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for patients with early-stage disease, whereas therapeutic options are limited for patients with advanced-stage or residual BC. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is an important target for immunotherapy. It is known that PD-L1 is overexpressed in BC; a clinical trial involving PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced BC is ongoing. In the present study, we used Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to define the expression level of PD-L1 after cisplatin treatment in BC-derived cell lines. The signal activation was also evaluated by Western blot in BC-derived cell lines. We found that chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin can induce PD-L1 but not PD-L2 expression in BC-derived cell lines. Furthermore, the expression level of PD-L1 was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner after cisplatin treatment. The cisplatin-induced PD-L1 expression is mainly mediated by ERK1/2 but not Akt/mTOR signal pathway. Moreover, we found that cisplatin activates transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) to regulate PD-L1 expression. The chemotherapy drug such as cisplatin may trigger resistance of BC through PD-L1 up-regulation. The present study suggests that PD-L1 antibody should be used concomitantly with chemotherapy in the setting of advanced and metastatic BC.

Clinical Profile of a New Monoclonal Antibody-Based Immunoassay for Tissue Polypeptide Antigen

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Correale ◽  
H. Arnberg ◽  
P. Blockx ◽  
E. Bombardieri ◽  
M. Castelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Polypeptide Antigen ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Disease Stages

Our preliminary evaluation of a new monoclonal antibody-based assay for tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) has shown it to be clinically equivalent to the polyclonal antibody-based assay for TPA. The new assay (TPA-M) employs three monoclonal antibodies to epitopes on cytokeratins 8, 18 and 19. This multicenter, multinational study included 266 patients with newly diagnosed carcinomas of the lung, breast, large bowel and urinary bladder. TPA values from the two assays were compared with three other cytokeratin markers (TPS, CYFRA 21–1 and TPACyk) and with the established reference markers for these malignancies (CEA and NSE for lung, CA 15–3 for breast, CEA and CA 19–9 for colorectal tumors). Analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in lung, colorectal and bladder cancer showed similar sensitivities for the two assays, ranging from 50% to 80% with a specificity of 95%. In breast cancer all the markers studied showed poor sensitivity. However, TPA determination by either method could discriminate advanced stage (stages III and IV) from early stage disease (stages 0 to II). TPA showed similar discriminating ability in bladder cancer. On the basis of the results obtained in our patient series, it seems that of the cytokeratin markers studied, TPA and TPA-M are the most sensitive and offer a wide range of clinical applications.

scholarly journals Systemic miRNA‐195 Differentiates Breast Cancer from Other Malignancies and Is a Potential Biomarker for Detecting Noninvasive and Early Stage Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Heneghan ◽  
Nicola Miller ◽  
Ronan Kelly ◽  
John Newell ◽  
Michael J. Kerin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Potential Biomarker
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