scholarly journals DIMENSIONES DE GÉNERO DE LOS MERCADOS DE DERECHOS DE AGUA Y TIERRA EN EL DISTRITO DE RIEGO 101 CUXTEPEQUES, CHIAPAS

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Laura Elena Ruiz Meza
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Land And Water Rights ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Se analizan las dimensiones de género de los procesos de mercantilización de los derechos agrarios y los de agua para regadío en el área de influencia del Distrito de Riego 101 Cuxtepeques, que se localizan en la Región Frailesca de Chiapas. En el contexto de la individualización y privatización de los recursos naturales, se identifican los mecanismos de mercado que vulneran el derecho de las mujeres a la propiedad sobre los recursos naturales. Se sostiene que, en el marco de las relaciones y estructuras de poder existentes, los mercados de derechos de agua y tierra recrean mecanismos de exclusión social e inequidad de género en los procesos de gestión de los recursos naturales a nivel local. ABSTRACTWe analyze the gender dimensions of the commodification of land and water rights for irrigation in the area of 101 Cuxtepeques Irrigation District, in Frailesca region of Chiapas.In the context of individualization and privatization of natural resources, identify market mechanisms that violate the right of women to ownership of natural resources. It is argued that, in the context of relationships and existing power structures, markets for land and water rights recreate mechanisms of social exclusion and gender inequality in the management of natural resources at the local level.  

scholarly journals La transmisión de conocimientos tradicionales con enfoque de género para su inclusión en la Educación ambiental

2020 ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Lucía Martínez-Molina ◽  
Carmen Solis-Espallargas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Generation Gap ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Functional Knowledge ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
And Gender

Resumen: Históricamente los pueblos han desarrollado numerosos conocimientos útiles para la vida, saberes funcionales adaptados al territorio, compartidos y valorados por una comunidad. Su aplicación y transmisión son especialmente relevantes en la mejora de nuestra calidad de vida y la gestión los recursos naturales de una manera sostenible, especialmente en condiciones cambiantes e inciertas. Presentamos un estudio con enfoque de género e intergeneracional sobre la transmisión de Conocimientos tradicionales en la región de Andalucía Oriental en el que participaron mayores de Centros de Participación Activa y jóvenes universitarios. Cuestiones sobre práctica, origen y traspaso de Conocimientos tradicionales, así como sobre su componente sostenible han sido el centro de interés de esta investigación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las mujeres mayores son las principales practicantes, transmisoras y receptoras de estos conocimientos, especialmente los relacionados con la salud y los cuidados. Los datos revelan la existencia de una brecha generacional en cuanto a su práctica. El fin último de este trabajo se centra en proponer claves para fomentar la práctica y transmisión de los Conocimientos tradicionales sostenibles en programas de educación ambiental con enfoque de género.Abstract: Historically, people have developed many useful knowledge for life, functional knowledge adapted to the territory, shared and valued by a community. Its application and transmission are especially relevant to improve our quality of life and managing natural resources in a sustainable way, especially in changing and uncertain conditions. We present a study with a gender and intergenerational approach on the transmission of Traditional knowledges in the region of Eastern Andalusia, in which elderly people from Active Participation Centers and young university students participated. Questions about practice, origin and transfer of Traditional knowledge as well as its sustainable component have been the focus of this investigation. The results show that elder women are the main practitioners, transmitters and recipients of this Knowledge, especially those related to health and care. The data reveal the existence of a generation gap in terms of its practice. The last objective will be to propose keys to promote the practice and transmission of Traditional knowledge in environmental education and gender.

scholarly journals The Politics of Waste and Social Inequalities in Indian Cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shireen Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
Waste Studies

Waste studies is premised on the understanding that waste is not essentially dirty or invaluable, but rather an arena through which classification, social boundaries, and state-making takes place. Mary Douglas’s structural approach in Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo (2002) forms the cornerstone of waste studies by seeing waste as “matter out of place.” It explores the social function of waste as posing a problem of the unknown, disorderly and disturbing. The terming of something as “disorderly,” “risky,” “insanitary,” or “polluted,” Douglas argues, constitutes dominant power structures of states and scientific and religious institutions that determine the drawing of individual, social, and cultural boundaries. Douglas’s insights are used to recognize the ways the categories of value-non-value, norm-exception, structure-deviation, nature-culture, and object-subject get made. As a constructed category, waste in the context of Indian cities is seen to exacerbate existing class inequalities as well as to express and reify caste structures, together constituting a distinct postcolonial urbanism. Urban waste practices lay bare disjunctures of India’s postcolonial modernity in the everyday functioning of the state, labor, and economy for urban sanitation, which deploy caste-community labor of the former untouchable castes for waste-work. At the same time, colonially constituted sanitary science and advanced waste technology adopted by municipalities frame a circular relationship between poverty and disease, deeming the urban poor, their dwellings in crowded slums, and the work of sanitation as the cause of filth, squalor, and the contamination of cities. The prevalence and dominance of particular cultures of sanitation can be linked to social location, including an intersection of caste, class, minority, linguistic, and gender identities, requiring a political understanding of social interests within urban governance and the science of sanitation. In describing these disjunctures at the heart of India’s urbanism, this review will outline five conceptual tropes through which waste in Indian cities has been viewed: (1) as a common resource in a fluid terrain of property rights; (2) as informal and enabling the right to the city; (3) in terms of the colonial making of waste infrastructure, as highly unequal and differentiated; (4) as socially reproducing stigmatized caste labor through a social division of purity and pollution; and (5) as involving multiple stakeholders, including private initiatives, neoliberal policies, international networks, and global circuits.

Dalit Memories and Water Rights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Rights ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Fishing Rights ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Cultural Symbols ◽  
Ecological Vision ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Water is a deeply contentious issue, intersecting with caste, class, and gender in India in multifaceted ways, and producing complex cultural meanings and social hierarchies. Culturally, politically and economically, it has been a source of power. It has been controlled by the powerful, and used as a means to exert control over others. It has been a traditional medium for exclusion of Dalits in overt and covert ways: denying Dalits the right over, and access to, water; asserting monopoly of upper-castes over water bodies, including rivers, wells, tanks and taps; constructing casteist water texts in cultural and religious domains; obscuring Dalit narratives and knowledge of water; and rendering thinking and speaking about caste, water and Dalits together as peripheral to discourses on water. The chapter takes up two case studies from two different regions of Bihar, where Dalits have used water to represent their own ecological vision in a collective manner, drawing from a rich repertoire of their religious, cultural, and social resources. Cultural symbols and myths of Deena-Bhadri and Ekalavya are assembled by Dalits as a community tool-box, to demand river and fishing rights, and to attach themselves to pasts, places, and resources.

scholarly journals O direito ao acesso à saúde reprodutiva de mulheres migrantes: desvelando processos de precarização da vida / The right to reproductive health for migrant women: disclosing life precariousness processes

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Joice Graciele Nielsson ◽  
Janaína Machado Sturza ◽  
Maiquel Ângelo Dezordi Wermuth
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

O presente trabalho analisa as possíveis interações entre direitos humanos e os direitos humanos das mulheres, questionando acerca da proteção das mulheres migrantes e a precarização de suas vidas a partir do acesso aos direitos reprodutivos, sob a perspectiva crítica biopolítica. Parte da hipótese de que a intercessão entre migração e desigualdades de gênero produz formas distintas e mais intensas de violência, vulnerabilidade que impactam no acesso a direitos e à saúde reprodutiva das mulheres migrantes, produzindo a descartabilidade de tais vidas. A partir de um estudo bibliográfico, que segue o método hipotético dedutivo, conclui-se pela urgência do desvelamento deste processo progressivo de precarização permanente que recai especialmente sobre as vidas femininas, a partir do controle de seus corpos e de sua capacidade reprodutiva intensificada em meio aos deslocamentos migratórios.   This paper analyzes the possible interactions between human rights and women's human rights, questioning about the protection of migrant women and the precariousness of their lives from access to reproductive health, from a critical biopolitical perspective. It starts from the hypothesis that the intercession between migration and gender inequalities produces distinct and more intense forms of violence, vulnerability that impact the access to rights and reproductive health of migrant women, producing the disposability of such lives. From a bibliographical study, through the hypothetical deductive method, it is concluded the urgency of the unveiling of this progressive process of permanent precarization that falls especially on the female lives, from the control of their bodies and their intensified reproductive capacity among the migratory displacements.   Este artículo analiza las posibles interacciones entre los derechos humanos y los derechos humanos de las mujeres, cuestionando la protección de las mujeres migrantes y la precariedad de sus vidas a través del acceso a la salud reproductiva, desde una perspectiva biopolítica crítica. Se parte de la hipótesis de que la intercesión entre la migración y las desigualdades de género produce formas distintas y más intensas de violencia, vulnerabilidad que impacta el acceso a los derechos y la salud reproductiva de las mujeres migrantes, produciendo la disposición de esas vidas. A partir de un estudio bibliográfico, a través del hipotético método deductivo, se concluye la urgencia de la revelación de este proceso progresivo de precarización permanente que recae especialmente en las vidas femeninas, desde el control de sus cuerpos y su capacidad reproductiva intensificada entre los desplazamientos migratorios.

Peran Pengawasan Internal Dalam Menghindari Kutukan Sumber Daya Alam

Liquidity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Andilo Tohom
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Rich Country ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Right

Indonesia is one of many countries in the world so called resource-rich country. Natural resources abundance needs to be managed in the right way in order to avoid dutch diseases and resources curses. These two phenomena generally happened in the country, which has abundant natural resources. Learned from Norwegian experiences, Indonesian Government need to focus its policy to prevent rent seeking activities. The literature study presented in this paper is aimed to provide important insight for government entities in focusing their policies and programs to avoid resources curse. From the internal audit perspective, this study is expected to improve internal audit’s role in assurance and consulting.

Biomechanical characteristics of allogeneic cortical bone pins designed for fracture fixation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
M. R. Edwards ◽  
S. P. James ◽  
W. S. Dernell ◽  
R. J. Scott ◽  
A. M. Bachand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Left Tibia ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Better Than

SummaryThe biomechanical characteristics of 1.2 mm diameter allogeneic cortical bone pins harvested from the canine tibia were evaluated and compared to 1.1 mm diameter stainless steel pins and 1.3 mm diameter polydioxanone (PDS) pins using impact testing and four-point bending. The biomechanical performance of allogeneic cortical bone pins using impact testing was uniform with no significant differences between sites, side, and gender. In four-point bending, cortical bone pins harvested from the left tibia (204.8 ± 77.4 N/mm) were significantly stiffer than the right tibia (123.7 ± 54.4 N/mm, P=0.0001). The site of bone pin harvest also had a significant effect on stiffness, but this was dependent on interactions with gender and side. Site C in male dogs had the highest mean stiffness in the left tibia (224.4 ± 40.4 N/mm), but lowest stiffness in the right tibia (84.9 ± 24.2 N/mm). Site A in female dogs had the highest mean stiffness in the left tibia (344.9 ± 117.4 N/mm), but lowest stiffness in the right tibia (60.8 ± 3.7 N/mm). The raw and adjusted bending properties of 1.2 mm cortical bone pins were significantly better than 1.3 mm PDS pins, but significantly worse than 1.1 mm stainless steel pins (P<0.0001). In conclusion, cortical bone pins may be suitable as an implant for fracture fixation based on initial biomechanical comparison to stainless steel and PDS pins used in clinical practice.

De zaak van Rechter Grootaert en de strijd om het Nederlands in Belgisch-Congo. Een symbooldossier uit de jaren vijftig

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-46
Author(s):  
Bert Govaerts
Keyword(s):  
Private Property ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Free State ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
In De Praktijk ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Congo Free State ◽  
The Right ◽  
Belgian Congo

In 1908 verwierf België de souvereiniteit over de voormalige Congo Vrijstaat, die particulier bezit van koning Leopold II was geweest. De nieuwe kolonie kreeg een soort grondwet, het Koloniale Charter. Artikel 3 daarvan bepaalde dat er in Belgisch-Congo taalvrijheid heerste, maar ook dat de Belgen er dezelfde taalrechten en -bescherming zouden genieten als in het moederland. Uiterlijk tegen 1913 moesten speciale decreten de taalregeling in rechtszaken en in de administratie vastleggen. Die afspraak werd niet gehonoreerd. De decreten kwamen er niet en de kolonie werd in de praktijk exclusief Franstalig. Een klein aantal Vlaamse koloniale ambtenaren verzette zich daar tegen en boekte ook beperkte successen, op plaatselijk niveau. Een doorbraak kwam er pas in de nadagen van de kolonie, toen een Vlaams magistraat, Jozef Grootaert, het recht opeiste om in het Nederlands te vonnissen. Pas na een lang en bitter gevecht, uitgevochten tot op regeringsniveau en mee gekleurd door allerlei persoonlijke motieven, werd uiteindelijk in 1956, meer dan veertig jaar later dan afgesproken, een decreet over het gebruik van de talen bij het koloniale gerecht goedgekeurd. Over een decreet i.v.m. bestuurzaken raakte men het niet meer eens voor de onafhankelijkheid van de kolonie in 1960. In het onafhankelijke Congo was er voor het Nederlands geen (officiële) plaats.________The Case of Judge Grootaert and the struggle for Dutch in the Belgian CongoIn 1908 Belgium acquired the sovereignty over the former Congo Free State, which had been the private property of king Leopold II. The new colony was granted a kind of constitution, the Colonial Charter. Article 3 of this charter provided not only that there would be freedom of language in the Belgian Congo, but also that the Belgians in that country would enjoy the same rights and protection of their language as they had in their motherland. The language regulation for court cases and the administration was to be laid down in special decrees by 1913 at the latest. That agreement was not honoured. The decrees failed to be drawn up and in practice the colony became exclusively French speaking. A small number of Flemish colonial officials resisted against this situation and in fact obtained some limited successes on a local level. A breakthrough finally occurred in the latter years of the colony, when a Flemish magistrate, Jozef Grootaert claimed the right to pronounce judgement in Dutch. Only after a long and bitter struggle that was fought out until the bitter end on a governmental level and that was also characterized by all kinds of personal motives, a decree about the use of languages at the colonial court was finally approved in 1956, more than forty years after it had been agreed. It proved to be no longer possible to reach agreement about a decree concerning administrative matters before the independence of the colony in 1960. In the independent Congo Republic no (official) role was reserved for Dutch.

Sovereignty, Self-Determination, and Natural Resources

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémie Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
International Law ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship ◽  
The Right

The issue of sovereignty over natural resources has been a key element in the development of international law, notably leading to the emergence of the principle of States’ permanent sovereignty over their natural resources. However, concomitant to this focus on States’ sovereignty, international human rights law proclaims the right of peoples to self-determination over their natural resources. This has led to a complex and ambivalent relationship between the principle of States’ sovereignty over natural resources and peoples’ rights to natural resources. This chapter analyses this conflicting relationship and examines the emergence of the right of peoples to freely dispose of their natural resources and evaluates its potential role in contemporary advocacy. It notably explores how indigenous peoples have called for the revival of their right to sovereignty over natural resources, and how the global peasants’ movement has pushed for the recognition of the concept of food sovereignty.

scholarly journals Pulmonary hydatidosis genotypes isolates from human clinical surgery based on sequencing of mitochondrial genes in Fars, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parviz Mardani ◽  
Ali Talebi Ezabadi ◽  
Bahareh Sedaghat ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Cox1 Gene ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst

Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE)/hydatidosis is an important neglected parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. The present study was designed to identify the pulmonary CE species/genotypes in isolated human underwent to surgery in our center in Southern Iran. Methods The study population of this study were all patients in Fars province who were admitted to Namazi Hospitals for pulmonary hydatid cyst surgery. Thoracic surgery was performed in the thoracic ward and the cyst/s was removed by open surgery via posterolateral or lateral thoracotomy. DNA was extracted from the germinal layer or the protoscoleces. PCR technique was performed using the cytochrome C oxidase subunit1 (cox1) gene, and the products were sequenced. Results A total of 32 pulmonary hydatid cyst samples were collected from 9 (28%) female and 23 (72%) male aged from 4 to 74 years old. A total of 18(56%) cyst/s were in the left lobe and 14 (44%) cysts in the right lobe. Sequence analysis of the cysts showed that 24 samples (75%) were E. granulosus s.s (G1-G3) genotype and 8 (25%) were E. canadensis (G6/G7) genotype. Conclusion E.granulosus s.s genotype was the most prevalent genotype followed by E. canadensis (G6/G7) genotype. There was no significant statistical correlation between cysts’ size, location, genotype strain, and patients’ age and gender.

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