scholarly journals The Use of Extralinguistic Means by the Sender and Addressee during the Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 188-190
Author(s):  
Muratova Nafisa
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Speech Information ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Linguistic Means

Abstract: Speech conditions are the level of the listener and the speaker, their behavior in the speech process, as well as the purpose of the speech - all of these are tools other than extralinguistic linguistic units. A special place in speech is given to paralinguistic devices that accompany linguistic units in the process of interaction. The following manifestations of the use of extralinguistic means of the sender and the addressee are observed during the discourse. Keywords: paralinguistic means, extra linguistic means, sender, addressee, extralinguistic means, verbal, nonverbal means, forms of speech communication, types of speech, information exchange

Communication of Speech Sounds by a Tactual Vocoder

1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Pickett ◽  
B. Horenstein Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Speech Signal ◽  
Frequency Region ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Royal Institute ◽  
Speech Transmission ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Speech Information

Tests of tactual speech perception were conducted using a special frequency-analyzing vocoder. The vocoder presented a running frequency analysis of speech mapped into a spatial array of tactual vibrations which were applied to the fingers of the receiving subject. Ten vibrators were used, one for each finger. The position of a vibrator represented a given frequency region of speech energy; the total range covered was 210 to 7 700 cps; all the vibrations had a frequency of 300 cps; the vibration amplitudes represented the energy distribution over the various frequencies. Discrimination and identification tests were performed with various sets of test vowels; consonant discrimination tests were performed with certain consonants including those that might be difficult to lipread. Performance with vowels appeared to be related to formant structure and duration as measured on the test vowels, and to tactual masking effects. Consonant discrimination was good between stops and continuants; consonant features of nasality, voicing, and affrication were also discriminated to some extent. It is concluded that the skin offers certain capacities for transmitting speech information which may be used to complement speech communication where only an impoverished speech signal is normally received. This research was conducted at the Speech Transmission Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.

USING THE TECHNOLOGY OF COLLECTIVE GAME COMMUNICATION IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE DIAMONOLOGICAL COMPETENCY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Iryna Lapshyna ◽  
Lyudmila Lyubchak
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Harmonious Development ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
Game Forms ◽  
Linguistic Means

The authors consider the diamonological competency of primary school pupils as a component of communicative competency, which is defined among other end-results of secondary education in modern Ukraine. They convince that communication for meeting educational, personal and professional demands involves the ability to respond adequately to a partner, a participant of a certain activity. That is, by means of linguistic means a pupil can plan, organize, edit, and monitor the course of action as well as its results. Taking into account the age-specific peculiarities of primary school pupils, the authors consider the technology of collective game communication, integrating the collective game forms and the speech communication, to be very effective for forming their diamonological competency. Correctly organized collective game communication of primary school pupils will not only contribute to the formation of the conscious linguistic personalities with free expression of thoughts, but also to the pupils’ harmonious development and their training for creative self-realization. 

Linguoculturological potential of the lexeme Rozhdestvo (‘Christmas’) in the contemporary youth’s linguistic consciousness (based on findings of an associative verbal experiment)

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Maria N. Dmitrieva ◽  
◽  
Sophia A. Rassadina ◽  
Daria A. Shchukina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Stimulus Word ◽  
Primary Result ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Linguistic Means

The paper focuses on associative verbal potential of the lexeme Rozhdestvo (‘Christmas’) in contemporary Russian youth’s linguistic worldview. The research is based on findings of an associative linguistic experiment. The experiment allowed explicating culture codes unconsciously reproduced by respondents, and produced easily calculable results. Each of the respondents had to write down five linguistic units associated with the stimulus word Rozhdestvo (‘Christmas’). Linguoculturological approach is used to interpret the obtained data as it allows analysing how cultural phenomena are represented in linguistic consciousness. The authors discover certain mobility of the linguistic means that verbalise Christmas semantics, as well as certain heterogeneity of people’s conceptions of the feast. The study reveals contemporary cultural context and discourses significant for the youth environment. The experiment’s primary result can be considered our visualisation of the cultural syncretism reflected in the perception of the lexeme Rozhdestvo. The findings can help when developing projects in education, communications, advertising that exploit cultural images and/or elements of cultural context, and serve as basis for further studies.

scholarly journals Kõnetaju kategoriaalsus ehk hüpotees sellest, kuidas me keelelisi üksusi tajume

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Nele Salveste
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Speech Signal ◽  
Categorical Perception ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Perceptual Ability ◽  
Estonian Language ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Normal Speech

Erinevate häälikute laad meie igapäevases kõnes varieerub tugevalt, kuid häälduse varieeruvus ei ole enamasti kõneeristusele takistuseks. See annab alust oletada, et kõnetaju on välja arendanud süsteemi, millega tuvastada foneeme väga suure varieeruvusega kõnesignaalist. See süsteem tegeleb kõne varieeruvusega nii tõhusalt ja kiiresti, et me ei ole sellest enamasti teadlikud. Seda süsteemi võiks nimetada kategoriaalseks tajuks (ingl Categorical Perception), kuid kuna taju on uurimisele üksnes kaudselt kättesaadav, siis tähistab see termin pigem eksperimentaalset mudelit või meetodit, millega uuritakse taju võimet foneeme kõnesignaalist eristada. (Schouten jt 2003) Käesolevas artiklis arutatakse kategoriaalse taju kui mudeli ja katsemeetodi üle, mille teoreetilised lähtekohad on olnud nii muudes keeltes kui eesti keeles läbi viidud tajukatsete ülesehituse ja järelduste eeldusteks.Categorical perception or the hypothesis of how we perceive linguistic units. The acoustic signal of everyday speech is very variable, but it seldom distracts the normal speech communication. This motivates the hypothesis that the speech perception must have developed a special mechanism for extracting phonemes from highly variable speech signal. This mechanism extracts phonemes so efficiently and quickly that we are often unaware of it. We would like to call this mechanism “categorical perception of speech”, but since the perceptual processes are only indirectly accessible for investigation, the term refers rather to a theoretical model or an experimental method for investigating our perceptual ability to distinguish phonemes from the speech signal so efficiently (Schouten et al. 2003). In this paper the Categorical Perception as an experimental method and its theoretical statements will be discussed in connection to perception experiments and findings in other languages as well as in Estonian language.

scholarly journals Realization of “food as a source of health” Cognitive Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Viacheslav D. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
The Media ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Color Composition ◽  
Linguistic Means

This article is devoted to the analysis of the cognitive and pragmatic factors of food representation in media discourse, as well as the peculiarities of the linguistic means of this representation. The study used the methodology of cognitive semantics and discourse analysis, including the method of cognitive modeling, the method of discourse analysis, the method of pragmalinguistic analysis, observation and description techniques. Cognitive and pragmatic aspects of food representation, in our opinion, belong to the extra-linguistic components of discourse. Filling the components of the cognitive model with certain content by means of linguistic units leads to the realization of the pragmatic goal of the journalist. For example, the component CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OBJECT (FOOD) through the media text is filled with information about color, composition, presence of additives, etc., which allows the reader to form a certain attitude towards food, which is discussed in the article.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC MEANS OF EXPRESSING GENDER IDENTITY IN WOMEN’S SPEECH

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Л. Р. Раупова ◽  
Г. Г. Ниязова
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Women's Speech ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Linguistic Means

мақолада ўзбек детектив матнларини ўрганиш орқали асардаги аёл қаҳрамонлар нутқининг социопрагматик ва гендер хусусиятлари, ижтимоий ўзига хосликларини аниқлашнинг усул ва воситалари тадқиқ этилди. Хусусан, аёллар ўртасидаги мулоқотнинг ижтимоий хосланиши, шева ва ноадабий қатламга оид тил бирликларининг прагматик жиҳатдан ифода имкониятлари таҳлил қилинган. the article examines the sociopragmatic and gender characteristics of the speech of female heroines in the work, methods and means of determining social characteristics by studying the texts of the Uzbek detective. In particular, the possibilities of pragmatic expression of dialectical and non-linguistic units of social identity, dialectical and non-linguistic units of communication between women were analyzed. в статье исследованы социопрагматические и гендерные характеристики речи героинь женского пола в произведении, методы и средства определения социальных особенностей путем изучения текстов узбекского детектива. В частности, были проанализированы возможности прагматического выражения диалектических и неязыковых единиц социальной самобытности, диалектических и неязыковых единиц общения между женщинами.

scholarly journals Communicative particles as means of representing actual information in literary discourse in English, Spanish and Russian

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (26) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Aleksandr E. Kuptsov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir N. Babayan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Communicative Intent ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Speech Situation ◽  
Linguistic Means

This article examines one of the issues of fiction discourse and communicative syntax that has not yet been sufficiently studied, i.e. the role of limiting particles in the communicative and syntactic organization of a sentence in the English, Spanish and Russian literary discourse. These particles are considered with rhetorical means which are of particular importance in literary discourse. Various lexical and syntactic constructions can be used as rhetorical means (for example, word order, lexical repetitions, inversion, etc.), as well as literary figurative forms. It is worth noting that one of the relatively understudied issues of actual syntax remains the question of communicative pragmatic functions of limiting particles, which occupy a special place in the system of linguistic means of expressing the actual division in literary discourse, and their role in the communicative and syntactic organization of a sentence in the English, Spanish and Russian languages. Communicative (actual) division is one the most important aspects of the utterance which marks, according to the particular speech situation and communicative and pragmatic intentions, logical parts of the utterance – theme and rheme, determining the meaning of the utterance as a speech unit.Actual division is seen as an individual speech act, relating to a particular situation and defined by the communicative intent of the speaker, as a phenomenon that is not subject to standardization and generalization. Several methods of actualization are simultaneously involved in forming the communicative (actual) division of a sentence, some of them being the main and others being auxiliary means which can replace, supplement or reinforce each other. Thus, each language has a fairly rich system of communication-oriented means that have received a stable and standardized character, designed specifically for expressing the communicative division of a sentence and providing the speaker (writer) an opportunity to choose the necessary ways of its implementation in accordance with a specific speech situation and the purpose of the utterance.

scholarly journals Linguistic Means of Evaluation of Quantity in Texts Containing Numerical Lexemes

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01115
Author(s):  
Natalia Kim ◽  
Andrey Narushevich
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Surface Level ◽  
Combine Evaluation ◽  
Primary Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Linguistic Means

This article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic means of explicating evaluation in utterances containing numerals. The evaluation of certain amounts and numbers can be encountered at all levels of linguistic expression. It is shown that both quantitative and axiological evaluation of a certain number or amount, expressed by a numeral, can be verbalized at the surface level of the semantic structure of the utterance with either stylistically colored or neutral lexemes that belong to different parts of speech. Stylistically colored lexemes often combine evaluation semes (such as “a lot” and “bad”). The evaluation of a certain number expressed by a numeral with the primary meaning can be detected as a hidden presupposition and / or communicative meaning of a statement including a numerical lexeme. Pragmatic factors that determine the evaluation are considered. It is noted that in speech, explicit and implicit ways of expressing evaluation can be combined, which leads to an “amplification” of the evaluation and is manifested in the simultaneous use of linguistic units of different levels.

Promising technologies for improving the efficiency of specialized aviation and rocket-space communication systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
В.С. Бабин
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Space Communication ◽  
Voice Communication ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Speech Information ◽  
Familiar Form

Развитие авиационных и ракетно-космических систем специальной связи в настоящий момент характеризуется увеличением объемов речевых информационных сообщений. Речь, как наиболее привычная форма общения, позволяет выражать эмоции и личные качества говорящего, чего гораздо сложнее добиться иными путями информационного обмена. Растущий спрос на голосовую связь порождает необходимость выработки перспективных технологий повышения эффективности функционирования таких систем, анализ которых и проведен в данной статье. The development of aviation and rocket-space systems of special communication is currently characterized by an increase in the volume of speech information messages. Speech, as the most familiar form of communication, allows you to express the emotions and personal qualities of the speaker, which is much more difficult to achieve in other ways of information exchange. The growing demand for voice communication creates the need to develop promising technologies to improve the efficiency of such systems, the analysis of which is carried out in this article.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF “間 MA” AND ITS VERBALIZATION IN JAPANESE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. R. Likholetova
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Different Cultures

The subject of the article is “間 ma” − one of the main concepts of the Japanese culture and its verbalization in Japanese.Success in communication between representatives of different cultures is largely determined by the way they perceive spatial and temporal categories. Being culture-significant units, they play a special role in the process of speech communication.Dualistic spatial-temporal nature of “間 ma” concept, its abstractedness, spatial and temporal uncertainty makes its adaptation to Western categories difficult, but correlate to the fundamental concept of emptiness in Buddhist metaphysics.In the Japanese society an optimal relationship between an individual and the world around is being built on the basis of the “間 ma” concept. It becomes relevant in all spheres of Japanese cultural field: architecture, pictorial art, calligraphy, music, Japanese traditional performing arts, flower arrangement and garden design. A special attention in the article is given to the consideration of cultural and linguistic specifics of the “間 ma” concept, revealing itself in the semantics of linguistic units and largely determining the culture of Japanese verbal communication.Perception of this concept encourages shaping of culturally oriented approach to language teaching and overcoming cultural distance in communication with the Japanese.

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