scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF RELIGION AND RELIGIOSITY DURING THE PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
EKATERINA S. ELBAKYAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Institutional Type ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Individual

The article examines the metamorphoses that occurred in the religious practices of various denominations during the pandemic. Through the strengthening, thanks to the pandemic, the dynamics of the social functions of religion (integrative, communicative, normative-regulatory, legitimizing), the author examines the changes in the structure of modern religiosity, highlighting and characterizing three main types: institutional, individual and individual-institutional religiosity. The author pays special attention to the individual-institutional type of religiosity, believing that the carriers of this particular type of religiosity experienced the least psychological problems in connection with the closure of churches, mosques, prayer houses. Analyzing the social functions of religion, and, in particular, the communicative function, the author examines in detail the process of virtualization of religion, which has significantly intensified in the last year and a half (“cyberreligion”, “online religion”), indicates a close relationship between the individual-institutional type of religiosity and the dynamics of communicative the functions of religion, reflected, in particular, in the strengthening of the virtualization of religion. The author sees the key tendency in the change in the structure of religiosity in the change in the ratio between its three main types towards the percentage increase in the carriers of individual-institutional religiosity.

scholarly journals La educación para la salud en la escuela como intervención social / Health Education at School as Social Intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Monsalve Lorente
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTSchools with families are socializing areas where it takes place the development of people in their early stages, exerting an important role in the configuration of behavior and social values of children and adolescents. When we consider the health as understood by the WHO, that is, as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellness and not only as the absence of disease we see that the attainment of good educational results by a school save a very close relationship with the attainment of optimal levels of health within the educational community. According to this fact schools that incorporate the health promotion as part of its educational are building the bases that will enable them better achieve the educational objectives, including academics. On the other hand in this time of life people are more receptive to learning being the time of the vital development which are acquired the major lifestyle that will be consolidated over the years (physical activity, diet, etc.). Also this is an area of social intervention that have health agents which have highly qualified from the pedagogical point of view: teachers, whether in the kindergarten level, and Primary and Secondary level. In this context the main objective of the Health Education, is to develop activities and encourage the students to achieve the highest attainable standard of health, through the acquisition of knowledge and skills that promote choice and adoption of healthy lifestyles; Seeking participation, interaction and social integration, and the ability to work critically and creatively, and the search for solutions. Schools, with the home are two of the key places where it takes place the individual and social development of people in its earliest stages, exerting an important role the configuration of the conduct and the social values of childhood, adolescence and youth.RESUMENLos centros educativos junto con el hogar, son los ámbitos socializadores clave donde tiene lugar el desarrollo de las personas en sus estadios más tempranos, ejerciendo un importante papel en la configuración de la conducta y los valores sociales de la infancia y la adolescencia. Cuando se considera la salud como la entiende la OMS, es decir, como un estado de completo bienestar físico, mental y social y no solamente como la ausencia de enfermedad, vemos que el logro de buenos resultados educativos por parte de un centro educativo guarda una relación muy estrecha con la consecución de unos niveles óptimos de salud en el seno de su comunidad educativa. De acuerdo con esta realidad, las escuelas que incorporan la promoción de la salud como parte integrante de su planteamiento educativo, están construyendo las bases que les permitirán alcanzar mejor los objetivos educativos, incluidos los académicos. Por otro lado, en esta época de la vida, las personas se hallan más receptivas para el aprendizaje, siendo la época del desarrollo vital en la que se adquieren los principales hábitos de vida que se consolidarán con los años (actividad física, alimentación, etc.). Además se trata de un ámbito de intervención social que cuenta con agentes de salud que disponen de alta calificación desde el punto de vista pedagógico: el profesorado, ya sea en el nivel de educación Infantil, como en Primaria y Secundaria. En este marco, el principal objetivo de la Educación para la salud, es desarrollar actividades e incentivar al alumnado para conseguir el mayor grado posible de salud, mediante la adquisición de conocimientos y habilidades que favorezcan la elección y adopción de estilos de vida saludables; buscando la participación, la interacción y la integración social, y trabajando la capacidad crítica y creativa, así como la búsqueda de soluciones. Los Centros escolares, junto con el hogar, son dos de los lugares clave donde tiene lugar el desarrollo individual y social de las personas en sus estadios más tempranos, ejerciendo un importante papel en la configuración de la conducta y los valores sociales de la infancia, la adolescencia y la juventud.

The social functions of shamanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Watson-Jones ◽  
Cristine H. Legare
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary

AbstractCultural evolutionary accounts of shamanism must explain the cross-cultural recurrence and variation in associated practices. We suggest that Singh's account of shamanism would be strengthened by considering the social functions of shamanism in groups. Shamanism increases social group cohesion, making it distinct from other magico-religious practices.

scholarly journals STUDENTS’ SOCIALLY ACTIVE POSITION AS A CHARACTERISTIC OF VALUE-SEMANTIC SPHERE OF THE PERSONALITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
A.A. Petrusevich
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the study of students’ socially significant values. The obtained results of the study substantiate the close relationship between the social position of the individual and his value orientations. The paper presents detailed characteristics of various groups of pedagogical university students with different socially active positions, reflected in its valuesemantic characteristics.

Concluding Discussion to Part II

2021 ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
Ellen Swift ◽  
Jo Stoner ◽  
April Pudsey
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Life Course

The chapter draws together themes in the material studied in Part II; as well as summarizing some of the principal findings from the individual chapters, it examines in particular how the artefacts studied, and the activities associated with them, related to life course stages, and how they contributed to wider aspects of social practice and social experience. The consideration of objects in relation to the life course illustrates that everyday objects were important as a means to inhabit and perform particular roles, especially socialization into roles at the thresholds between different life course stages such as the transition between adolescence and adulthood. Domestic artefact evidence is also shown to illuminate wider aspects of social practice and experience, developing understanding of the social functions and values of the objects, their multiple roles including status display, and the experiences to which they contributed, and achieving insights through the comparison of the different activities under study. The sensory qualities of the objects, and how sensation was important to particular activities, are also explored briefly, as well as the amuletic properties of functional and other artefacts, which may have protected processes and products, as well as users. It is suggested that amuletic qualities included the sounds of objects, as well as their appearance. In this chapter, it is also considered how the dress objects examined in Part I, and the functional material considered in Part II, were integrated together into the wider social context.

scholarly journals Extreme Rituals as Social Technologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Fischer ◽  
Dimitris Xygalatas
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
The Individual

We often think of pain as intrinsically bad, and the avoidance of pain is a fundamental evolutionary drive of all species. How can we then explain widespread cultural practices like certain rituals that involve the voluntary infliction of physical pain? In this paper, we argue that inflicting and experiencing pain in a ritual setting may serve important psychological and social functions. By providing psychological relief and leading to stronger identification with the group, such practices may result in a positive feedback loop, which serves both to increase the social cohesion of the community and the continuation of the ritual practices themselves. We argue that although the selective advantage of participation lies at the individual level, the benefits of those practices de facto extend to the group level, thereby allowing extreme rituals to function as effective social technologies.

scholarly journals Phenomena of freedom and justice in the interpretations of T. Hobbes and J. Locke

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (42) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Yevgen Borinshtein ◽  
Oleksandr Stovpets ◽  
Olga Kukshinova ◽  
Anton Kisse ◽  
Natalia Kucherenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Contract ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Political Anthropology ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Principle Of Justice ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ethical Basis

This study gives a possible representation of T. Hobbes and J. Locke's visions of the essence of 'freedom' and 'justice' phenomena. The philosophic-historical analysis performed in the article made it possible to reveal the fundamental ideological conflict between statism and liberalism, between the utilitarian, entirely pragmatic understanding the nature of the social contract (in Hobbes's political philosophy), and moral-ethical accents on the essential foundations of a state-organized society (in Locke's political thoughts). Hobbes generally ignores the moral and ethical preconditions inherent to human nature, reducing the social contract ontology to purely utilitarian aspects. The freedom of the individual loses its absolute character, as each member of this socio-political community gives up a part of his freedom in favor of 'Leviathan' (i.e. the sovereign, the state). Beginning from this moment it is fair for each individual to comply with the terms of that universally binding social contract, and its violation by someone within the community deemed to be unjust. On the contrary, Locke forms an idea of the ethical basis of the human community. Locke's political anthropology is based on the close relationship between the principle of justice and the imperatives of reason. The latter ones approach the universal ethical and legal requirements to ensure equal opportunities in the implementation and protection of freedoms and interests of the individual living in society. Under such conditions, justice means that a person acquires the maximum opportunities to fulfill his own freedoms (in all its diversity), without violating the freedoms of others.

Liberté d'opinion et limite normative dans une représentation sociale: le développement de l'intelligence 1Ce texte reprend l'essentiel d'un exposé présenté en juin 1998 à la Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education de Genève, à l'occasion de la collation du Doctorat Honoris Causa de l'Université de Genève à l'auteur.

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Flament
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

This paper is concerned by a possible articulation between the diversity of individual opinions and the existence of consensus in social representations. It postulates the existence of consensual normative boundaries framing the individual opinions. A study by questionnaire about the social representations of the development of intelligence gives support to this notion.

A Moment to Come Together: Personal Reflections on Trayvon Martin

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Roxanne Christensen ◽  
LaSonia Barlow ◽  
Demetrius E. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Professional Psychology ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
To Come ◽  
Professional Responses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Unique Individual

Three personal reflections provided by doctoral students of the Michigan School of Professional Psychology (Farmington Hills, Michigan) address identification of individual perspectives on the tragic events surrounding Trayvon Martin’s death. The historical ramifications of a culture-in-context and the way civil rights, racism, and community traumatization play a role in the social construction of criminals are explored. A justice orientation is applied to both the community and the individual via internal reflection about the unique individual and collective roles social justice plays in the outcome of these events. Finally, the personal and professional responses of a practitioner who is also a mother of minority young men brings to light the need to educate against stereotypes, assist a community to heal, and simultaneously manage the direct effects of such events on youth in society. In all three essays, common themes of community and growth are addressed from varying viewpoints. As worlds collided, a historical division has given rise to a present unity geared toward breaking the cycle of violence and trauma. The authors plead that if there is no other service in the name of this tragedy, let it at least contribute to the actualization of a society toward growth and healing.

Speaker-Oriented Attitude Datives in Social Context

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Rapport Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Levantine Arabic ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Social Acts

This chapter examines the social functions of speaker-oriented attitude datives in Levantine Arabic. It analyzes these datives as perspectivizers used by a speaker to instruct her hearer to view her as a form of authority in relation to him, to the content of her utterance, and to the activity they are both involved in. The nature of this authority depends on the sociocultural, situational, and co-textual context, including the speaker’s and hearer’s shared values and beliefs, their respective identities, and the social acts employed in interaction. The chapter analyzes specific instances of speaker-oriented attitude datives as used in different types of social acts (e.g., commands, complaints) and in different types of settings (e.g., family talk, gossip). It also examines how these datives interact with facework, politeness, and rapport management.

Late Antique Letter Collections

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
The Social ◽  
Letter Writer ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Letter Collection ◽  
Latin Letter

This volume provides the first comprehensive overview of the extant Greek and Latin letter collections of late antiquity (ca. 300-600 C.E.). Bringing together an international team of historians, classicists, and scholars of religion, it illustrates how letter collections advertised an image of the letter writer and introduces the social and textual histories of each collection. Nearly every chapter focuses on the letter collection of a different late ancient author—from the famous (or even infamous) to the obscure—and investigates its particular issues of content, arrangement, and publication context. On the whole, the volume reveals how late antique letter collections operated as a discrete literary genre with its own conventions, transmission processes, and self-presentational agendas while offering new approaches to interpret both larger letter collections and the individual letters contained within them. Each chapter contributes to a broad argument that scholars should read letter collections as they do representatives of other late antique literary genres, as single texts made up of individual components, with larger thematic and literary characteristics that are as important as those of their component parts.

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