Critical period for crop-weed competition in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under mid altitude of Meghalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
S. KORAV ◽  
V. RAM ◽  
L.I.P. RAY
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

scholarly journals Effect of duration of weed competition and weed control on the yield of Indian spinach

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
MSA Khan ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Nurul Islam ◽  
SN Mahfuza ◽  
MK Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur during kharif-1 (March to July) seasons of 2005 and 2006 to identify the critical period of crop-weed competition for Indian spinach. Major weed species were Paspalurn commersoni, Echinochlaa crusgalli. Lie nv/nc india. Cyanotis axillaris and Cyperus rotundus. The lowest weed dry matter was 76.3 g m-2 in 2005 and l01.60 g m-2 in 2006 from the plots weeded up to 40 days after transplanting (DAT). The highest yields were obtained (74.82 t ha in 2005 and 48.48 t ha in 2006) from the weed free plots. The fresh yield of Indian spinach did not vary among no weeding upto 20, 30 and 40 DAT in 2006. But weeded plot upto 30 and 40 DAT produced identical yield in 2005. Maximum BCR (4.52) was obtained from weeded plots upto 30 DAT in 2005 but BCR (2.60) was same from weeded upto 30 and 40 DA F in 2006. On an average, highest BCR (3.55) was recorded from weeding upto 30 DAT. Results revealed that the critical period of crop weed competition lies between 20 and 30 DAT and two times hand weeding would be necessary within 30 DAT for maximum benefit. Key Words: Crop-weed competitions, critical period, weed management and Indian spinach. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4.2306 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 623-629, December 2008

scholarly journals Crop Weed Competition in Sugarcane - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Suganthi ◽  
P Muthukrishnan ◽  
C Chinnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most adaptable plant under sub-tropical and tropical conditions. . Among the C4 group of plants, sugarcane is one of the most efficient crops. Converting efficiency of solar radiation into photosynthates is relatively higher in sugarcane than any other crops evolved. But there is a wide yield gap between the potential and actual yield. Weeds are the major important threat in yield reduction of sugarcane crop. Hence knowledge about weed flora, critical period of crop weed competition, competition of weeds, effect of weed on crop growth is helpful in deciding the method of weed management in particular crop. Reviewing of these parameters is helpful and it is carried out in this paper.

Crop–weed competition studies in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Yadav ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
V. M. Bhan
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Crop Weed Competition ◽  
Weed Removal

SUMMARYField experiments were made during the rainy seasons of 1979 and 1980 at Hissar, India, to study the effect of time of weed removal on the yield of groundnut. Removing weeds from 2 to 8 weeks after sowing led to significantly larger yields than that of plots which were not weeded. Maximum pod yield in both years was obtained when weeds were removed 4 weeks after crop sowing.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON NON-CHEMICAL WEED MANAGEMENT IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
A. Duwadi ◽  
A. Acharya ◽  
S. Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Weed is omnipresent species that compete with major crops for light, nutrients, space, and water for their growth and development and ultimately deteriorate the ideal environment for crops growth. In the present context, herbicide application is the easiest and seemingly economical approach for weed control in south-Asian countries. In contrary, the side effects of herbicide on health and environment impose to adopt for the non-chemical method of weed management. This paper reviewed the menace of herbicide, crop weed association, the critical period of crop-weed competition, and different methods of organic weed control implemented especially for maize. The main objective of this review is to maneuver a weed control strategy for maize other than the chemical application. The findings of different research suggested that a critical period of crop-weed competition in maize lies between 2 to 8 weeks after crop sowing. Many mechanical methods for weed control in maize proved efficient but seemed labour intensive and biological methods provided maximum security against specific weed species. The cultural method in combination with other methods effectively reduced the weed population in the maize field. It was found that, if various components of non-chemical weed management are implemented systematically, we can control the weed population with higher economic return and achieve the goal of organic food production with sustainable solutions. Weed control in the organic system focuses on management techniques designed to prevent weed emergence, give a competitive advantage to the main crop, and act for sustainable solutions. The non-chemical integrated weed management system is recommended to reduce the use of herbicide and for sustainable production. A review of non-chemical weed management in maize could be helpful for researchers to provide useful, sustainable, and environmentally friendly solutions to farmers to solve the problem of weed infestation in the maize crop along with substantial yield improvement.

scholarly journals Critical period of weed competition in transplant Aus rice cv. BRRI dhan27 under non-saline agro-ecosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
MT Rahman ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
NJ Lipi ◽  
MH Rashid ◽  
MI Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Free Condition ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Maximum Parameters ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

A study was conducted to determine the critical period of weed competition in transplant Aus rice for var. BRRI dhan27. Among the treatments, weed free condition, competition of weed for first 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 days and weed free later on, unweeded condition, one weeding at 20 days after transplanting and one weeding at 40 days after transplanting, the unweeded control plots showed the poor performance result in case of maximum parameters where grain yield was reduced the highest percentage (38.54%). On the basis of cost benefit ratio it was observed that the critical period of crop weed competition extended up to 30 days after transplanting of aus var. BRRI dhan27.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 95-102

Use of Ecophysiological Models for Crop-Weed Interference: The Critical Period of Weed Interference

Weed Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Weaver ◽  
M. J. Kropff ◽  
R.M.W. Groeneveld
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Crop Weed Competition ◽  
Mechanistic Simulation ◽  
Good Agreement

The performance of a mechanistic simulation model of crop-weed competition was tested with data on the critical period of weed competition in sugarbeets and both seeded and transplanted tomatoes. In general, there was good agreement between simulated and observed yields for different periods of weed interference in each crop. The model was then used to evaluate the influence of weed density, weed height, and weather conditions on timing of the critical period. Simulations suggested that the greater the weed density, the shorter the period of time that the crop could tolerate early-season competition, and the longer the period of time that the crop must be kept weed free to prevent yield losses. Simulations also suggested that the length of time that a crop can tolerate early-season weed competition is related more to the availability of soil moisture, or possibly essential nutrients, than to light limitations.

Effect of critical period of crop-weed competition on nutrient content and uptake by weed and rabi castor (Ricinus communisL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
D. D. Patel ◽  
J. D. Thanki ◽  
V. P. Usdadiya ◽  
M. K. Arvadia ◽  
B. B. Tandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Crop-weed competition between maize (Zea maysL.) andConvolvulus arvensisL. in substitutive experiments

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 541-544
Author(s):  
G. Kazinczi ◽  
J. Horváth ◽  
A. Takács ◽  
M. Nádasy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Competition ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

scholarly journals Application of electrical capacitance measurement for in situ monitoring of competitive interactions between maize and weed plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Cseresnyés ◽  
Tünde Takács ◽  
Anna Füzy ◽  
Krisztina R. Végh ◽  
Éva Lehoczky
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Capacitance Measurement ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Regular Measurement ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

 Applicability of root electrical capacitance (EC) measurement for monitoring of crop–weed competition was studied in a pot experiment. Maize (Zea mays L.) was grown both alone and with Echinochloa crus-galli or Abutilon theophrasti in different densities with regular measurement of root EC. Plants were harvested 42 days after planting to determine above- and belowground biomass. Depending on weed density, E. crus-galli-A. theophrasti interaction reduced the root EC of maize by 22–66% and 3–57%, respectively. Competitive effect of crop on weeds and intraspecific competition among weeds could also be detected by EC values: E. crus-galli was less sensitive both to the presence of maize and to intraspecific competition than A. theophrasti. Strong linear correlations between root dry mass and root EC for crop and weeds (with R2 from 0.901 to 0.956) were obtained by regression analyses at the end of the experiment. EC monitoring informed us on the emergence time of competition: E. crus-galli interfered with maize root growth a week earlier then A. theophrasti, and increasing weed densities accelerated the emergence of competition. In conclusion, the simple, non-destructive EC method should be considered a potential in situ technique for pot studies on crop–weed competition, which may partially substitute the intrusive techniques commonly used in agricultural researches.

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