Reinventing Rio de Janeiro’s old port: territorial stigmatization, symbolic re-signification, and planned repopulation in Porto Maravilha |  A reinvenção da zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro: estigmatização territorial, ressignificação simbólica e repovoamento planejado no projeto Porto Maravilha

Rio de Janeiro’s former port has undergone an intense process of transformation driven by investor expectations and real estate profitability objectives. However, in this depressed area, long marked by various territorial stigmas, the rise in land value largely depends upon symbolic revaluation. One of the main objectives of the large-scale urban redevelopment project known as Porto Maravilha is to reverse existing perceptions of the port area, moving away from representations as an abandoned, decadent, dangerous space, towards a more positive image as a showcase for Rio de Janeiro and a new gateway to the city. This article describes the triple process through which this reversal is achieved: territorial stigmatization, symbolic re-signification and planned repopulation. It documents various strategies used by project proponents to radically transform the symbolic, material and social make-up of the area in order to promote its revaluation. It also aims to document diverse modes of resistance developed by local population groups to denounce the invisibility, silencing and symbolic erasure they have suffered, showing, in the process, that in Porto Maravilha, culture serves both as an instrument of gentrification and as a tool of resistance.

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Engagement of Contemporary Communities with the Shared Heritage Resources of the Dwindling Minorities of Central Calcutta

Journal of Traditional Building, Architecture and Urbanism ◽

10.51303/jtbau.vi2.530 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 423-436

Author(s):

Sohini Pyne

Keyword(s):

Community Engagement ◽

Large Scale ◽

Local Population ◽

Built Heritage ◽

Heritage Buildings ◽

Common Goals ◽

Accelerated Growth ◽

The City

The accelerated growth of Calcutta as a trading center under the British between the mid-18th and early 20th centuries brought an influx of diverse trading communities, including Armenians, Baghdadi Jews, Parsis, and Chinese, who settled in the historic bazaar nucleus of the city known today as Central Calcutta. These ethnoreligious communities erected significant heritage buildings reflecting their cultures. But with large-scale emigration and a rapidly dwindling local population, this shared built heritage is in neglect and has little or no relevance for Central Calcutta’s contemporary communities. This paper discusses the issues faced by these heritage resources and offers recommendations for enhancing community engagement, initiating co-management and developing common goals amongst contemporary communities so as to effectively safeguard this built heritage of dwindling minorities.

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Medium-Term Impacts of Access to Daycare on School Outcomes: Experimental Evidence from Rio de Janeiro

10.18235/0003236 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pedro Carneiro ◽

Sofía Castro Vargas ◽

Yyannú Cruz-Aguayo ◽

Gregory Elacqua ◽

Nicolás Fuertes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Large Scale ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Medium Term ◽

Attrition Rates ◽

Daycare Centers ◽

Enrollment Rates ◽

The City ◽

Academic Year

In this document we analyze the impacts of a large-scale intervention that provided access to daycare centers for children in low-income neighborhoods in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Our results suggest that the intervention had a positive impact on enrollment rates and on the number of years children were enrolled to daycare during early childhood. We also find that winning the lottery had a positive effect on how regularly children attended primary school during the academic year. Because of the high attrition rates in the sample, we are unable to conclude whether the lottery had a positive impact on medium-term academic outcomes like standardized tests scores and overall grades.

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An Empire in the Tropics, 1808–1821: A Historiographical Review

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin American History ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780199366439.013.807 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Fernanda Baptista Bicalho ◽

Iara Lis Franco Schiavinatto

Keyword(s):

French Revolution ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Large Scale ◽

Constitutional Politics ◽

Portuguese Empire ◽

The Press ◽

Southern Central ◽

The Tropics ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

The City

The Portuguese Empire in the tropics, established in Rio de Janeiro, the political center of Portuguese America between 1808 and 1821, was characterized by a government in flux, dealing with a revolutionary Atlantic, an immediate result of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic invasions. This was a period of instability and transition. Studies from the perspective of political culture analysis have demonstrated the strength of enlightened ideas, the reformist strategy of the Portuguese monarchy in the reorganization of its overseas empire, and the regimentation of Luso-Brazilian elites since the 1780s and 1790s. After 1808, the association of interests between those born in Brazil and those from Portugal benefited from King João’s policy to distribute lands, offices, privileges, and mercês (favours). The process of the interiorization of the metropole in Southern Central Portuguese America corresponded with the interests of the Luso-Brazilian elites around the city of Rio de Janeiro, who expanded their political projects toward other regions of Brazil. In Pernambuco, by contrast, the 1817 insurrection and the republican choice of its leaders explained the fracturing of the empire and monarchical authority. Revisiting debates about the empire in the tropics—including in the press that emerged following the establishment of the court of Rio de Janeiro—implies rethinking the dynamics of the reconfiguration and apprehension of the territories and their geopolitics, thinking about heterogeneous temporalities, and investigating the transit of people on a large scale across the world, the increase in black slave traffic, and forms of compulsory labor. These dynamics were the subject of innovative studies during the bicentenary of the transfer of the court, providing details of the unprecedented experience of a European king in the Americas. In 2008, many academic, cultural, and artistic events were held, and numerous books, collections, and catalogues were published, fruit of a dialogue between Brazilian and Portuguese historians. Among these were the publication of biographies, correspondence, and studies of scientists and artists who were in the court in Rio de Janeiro and who traveled through Brazil from north to south at the beginning of the 19th century. Furthermore, the project of civility in the tropics helped gestate liberal constitutional politics and a limit on the Joanino government in relation to the forms of reappropriation of the revolutionary ideal. Thus, the court in exile was an important element of the redefinition of the autonomization process in Brazil in the 1820s.

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An intelligent hot-desking model harnessing the power of occupancy sensing data

Facilities ◽

10.1108/f-01-2016-0014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (13/14) ◽

pp. 766-786 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Peter Benjamin Cooper ◽

Konstantinos Maraslis ◽

Theo Tryfonas ◽

George Oikonomou

Keyword(s):

Real Estate ◽

Private Sector ◽

Large Scale ◽

Sensor Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Base Case ◽

Content Type ◽

Smart Building ◽

The City ◽

Work Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to harness occupancy sensing in a commercial hot-desking environment. Hot-desking is a method of office resource management designed to reduce the real estate costs of professional practices. However, the shortcoming is often in the suitability and appropriateness of allocated work environments. The Internet of Things could produce new data sets in the office at a resolution, speed and validity of which that they could be factored into desk-allocation, distributing seats based on appropriate noise levels, stay length, equipment requirements, previous presence and proximity to others working on the same project, among many others. Design/methodology/approach The study utilises primary data from a commercial office environment in Central London (numerical building system data and semi-structured interviews) to feed a discrete events simulator. To test the hypothesis, the authors look at the potential for intelligent hot-desking to use “work type” data to improve the distribution of individuals in the office, increasing productivity through the creation of positive “work type environments” – where those working on specific tasks perform better when grouped with others doing the same task. The simulation runs for a typical work day, and the authors compare the intelligent hot-desking arrangement to a base case. Findings The study shows that sensor data can be used for desk allocation in a hot-desking environment utilising activity-based working, with results that outweigh the costs of occupancy detection. The authors are not only able to optimise desk utilisation based on quality occupancy data but also demonstrate how overall productivity increases as individuals are allocated desks of their preference as much as possible among other enabling optimisations that can be applied. Moreover, the authors explore how an increase in occupancy data collection in the private sector could have key advantages for the business as an organization and the city as a whole. Research limitations/implications The research explores only one possible incarnation of intelligent hot-desking, and the authors presume that all data have already been collected, and while not insurmountable, they do not discuss the technical or cultural difficulties to this end. Furthermore, final examination of the productivity benefit – because of the difficulty in defining and measuring the concept – is exploratory rather than definitive. This research suggests that not only human-centric smart building research should be prioritised over energy or space-based themes but also large-scale private sector collection of occupancy data may be imminent, and its potential should be examined. Practical implications Findings strongly suggest that the hot-desking may cost more in lost productivity than it gains in reduced rental costs and as such many commercial offices should revaluate the transition, particularly with a view to facilitate intelligent hot-desking. Companies should begin to think strategically about the wider benefits of collecting occupancy data across their real estate portfolio, rather than reviewing use cases in silos. Finally, cities should consider scenarios of widespread collection of occupancy data in the private sector, examining the value these data have to city systems such as transport, and how the city might procure it for these ends. Social implications This paper raises positive and negative social concerns. The value in occupancy data suggested herein, bringing with it the implication it should be collected en mass, has a noted concern that this brings privacy concerns. As such, policy and regulation should heed that current standards should be reviewed to ensure they are sufficient to protect those in offices from being unfairly discriminated, spied or exploited through occupancy data. However, the improved use of occupancy data improving workplaces could indeed make them more enjoyable places to work, and have the potential to become a staple in company’s corporate social responsibility policies. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need for better understanding the specific uses of occupancy data in the smart building mantra. Several sources suggest the current research focus on energy and rental costs is misguided when the holistic cost of an office is considered, and concepts related to staff – although less understood – may have an order of magnitude bigger impact. This research supports this hypothesis through the example of intelligent hot-desking. The value of this paper lies in redirecting industry and research towards the considering occupancy data in smart building uses cases including – but not limited to– intelligent hot-desking.

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Legacy participation and the buried history of racialised spaces: Hypermodern revitalisation in Rio de Janeiro’s port area

Urban Studies ◽

10.1177/00420980211008824 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004209802110088

Author(s):

Abigail Friendly ◽

Ana Paula Pimentel Walker

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Global Competition ◽

City Image ◽

World Cup ◽

Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽

Port Area ◽

History Of ◽

The City

Scholars have documented how financial capital has produced displacement driven by hypermodern urban spaces characterised by luxury and exclusivity. In this article we highlight how hypermodern public–private partnerships (PPPs) often re-write history, creating a futuristic global city image. Our case study of Porto Maravilha’s PPP reviews a dualistic narrative in the context of changes in Rio de Janeiro in preparation for the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics. Porto Maravilha aimed to position Rio de Janeiro as a centre of global competition and capital. However, this narrative re-framed the history of the transatlantic slave trade through discursive tactics that diluted and undermined the brutality of slavery in Rio’s port. Furthermore, this hypermodern PPP reinforced the post-abolition discriminatory urban planning policies that dislodged Africans and Afro-Brazilians from their places of residence, work and culture in the port district. The result is the erasure of the experiences of Black Brazilians in the port area for touristic consumption, selling the city on the world stage. Given this contradiction, we develop the concept of ‘legacy participation’ to secure the rights of Afro-Brazilians and their organisations to make decisions about their own territory.

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Analysis of particle production in the municipalities of Angra dos Reis, Campos and Petropolis in Rio de Janeiro

Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia ◽

10.5585/ijsm.v13i4.2057 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 122-135

Author(s):

Sebastião Lourenço Dos Santos João ◽

Gustavo Lopes Olivares

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Particle Production ◽

Local Development ◽

Local Population ◽

Level Of Service ◽

Direct Influence ◽

Strategic Issue ◽

The City

The productive clusters are currently constant reference in the research lines turn into strategic issue. Cities with production clusters have differentiated development in relation to other cities. This development has a direct influence on the location / installation and management of companies. This factor allows the organization gain a competitive advantage due to proximity to their suppliers and direct contact with the local population. With supplier companies increase the mobility of its supply chain and benefit from the existence of quality equipment in the network. This study aims to analyze, evaluate and classify the productive clusters of cities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, particularly in the municipalities of Angra dos Reis, Campos and Petropolis, to achieve balanced local development that benefits all stakeholders by product / city services. Productive clusters must necessarily contribute to improving the level of service offered to the customer. The methodology adopted was proposed by the Suzigan et al (2003) and Britto and Albuquerque (2002), to assess, analyze and classify the clusters in addition to bibliographic survey to support the study. The results show that depending on the importance of economic activity for the city, the production clusters greatly contribute to local development and increase the range of options for the local consumer.

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The Emporion and the Markets

The Making of the Ancient Greek Economy ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691183411.003.0012 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 306-338

Author(s):

Alain Bresson

Keyword(s):

International Trade ◽

Foreign Trade ◽

Large Scale ◽

Greek City ◽

Price Controls ◽

Port Area ◽

City States ◽

The City ◽

Commercial Courts

This chapter examines how the emporion served as an important tool for Greek city-states to regulate the markets. It first provides an overview of the emporion, defined as a “trading port” or “the port area,” and thus also the “business area,” along with its constraints and advantages. It then considers how foreign trade was supervised in cities and goes on to describe the function of the deigma, the place where business was transacted. It also discusses the rules of the emporion and the role of commercial courts in handling legal matters relating to international trade, citing trials concerning large-scale trade. In particular, it looks at “commercial suits,” which gives anyone the opportunity to obtain quick and impartial justice in the Athenian courts. Finally, it analyzes the ways in which the city intervened directly in the negotiation of prices in the emporion as part of a policy of supplying the domestic market, with particular emphasis on the regulation of grain sales in the form of purchase funds and price controls.

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Technique of Urban Redevelopment: Part II. Combination and Large-Scale Initiative in Real Estate

The Journal of Land & Public Utility Economics ◽

10.2307/3159250 ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 238

Author(s):

Arthur C. Holden

Keyword(s):

Real Estate ◽

Large Scale ◽

Urban Redevelopment

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Ocupar o centro: Vivências no processo de reconversão de imóveis abandonados em áreas centrais

Revista Prumo ◽

10.24168/revistaprumo.v6i09.1678 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Andressa de Luca Heredia de Sá

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Technical Assistance ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Large Cities ◽

Port Area ◽

Abandoned Properties ◽

The City

Esta pesquisa surge da crítica ao Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) frente à disponibilidade de imóveis vacantes nos centros urbanos. O trabalho parte de estudos teóricos e empíricos que propõem uma reflexão, através de diferentes abordagens metodológicas, para a realização da reconversão de imóveis abandonados na área central. Questiona também o papel dos profissionais e estudantes de arquitetura na prestação de assessoria técnica de movimentos populares. A Ocupação Vito Giannotti (OVG), localizada no Bairro do Santo Cristo, na área portuária da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, foi definida como estudo de caso visando demonstrar a importância do projeto participativo para alcançar um ambiente construído de qualidade. Essa experiência demonstra a necessidade de formar arquitetos com a capacidade de interlocução e mediação, em vez da imposição do projeto arquitetônico. Palavras-chave: Assessoria Técnica; autogestão habitacional; Ocupação Vito Giannotti. Abstract This research emerges from the critique of the Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) considering the availability of vacant properties in urban centers. The work begins with theoretical and empirical studies that propose a reflection, through the different methodological approaches, to carry out the conversion of abandoned properties in the central areas of large cities. It also questions the role of architecture professionals and students in providing technical assistance to popular movements. The Ocupação Vito Giannotti (OVG), located in the Santo Cristo neighborhood, in the port area of the city of Rio de Janeiro, was defined as a case study aiming to demonstrate the importance of the participatory project to achieve a built environment of quality. This experience demonstrates the need to train architects with the capacity to dialogue and mediate, instead of imposing the architectural project. Keywords: Technical Assistance; Social Housing Self-Management; Vito Giannotti Occupation.

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