scholarly journals Raw Secondary Metabolites Application of Two Trichoderma harzianum Isolates towards Vascular Streak Dieback on Cocoa Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Endang Mugiastuti ◽  
Abdul Manan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

Vascular streak dieback is an important disease on cocoa that recently is still difficult to control. This research aimed to study the raw secondary metabo- lites application effectiveness of Trichoderma harzianum T10 and T213, or their combination to vascular streak dieback and its effect on growth and on phenolic compound of cocoa seedlings. Randomized block design was used with nine replicates. The treatments were control, secondary metabolites of T. harzianumT10 and T213, their combination and fungicide with active ingredient of phosphic acid. Variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, plant height, number of leaves, wieght of fresh and dry plants, weight of fresh and dry roots, roots length, and phenolic compound. Result of the research showed that the raw secondary metabolites of T. harzianum T10 could suppress the disease inten- sity and delay the incubation period as 62.17 and 24.97%, respectively. The raw secondary metabolites of T. harzianum T213 and T10 combination could increase plant height 36.21%, number of leaves 19.07%, fresh weight of plant 20.6%, dry weight of plant 17.5%, fresh weight roots 27%, dry weight of root 34.36%, and roots length 21.30%. All raw secondary metabolites of T. harzianum were able to increase phenolic compounds (saponins, tannins, and glycosides) qualitatively of cocoa seedlings.

FAST NEUTRONS INDUCED GENETIC VARIABILITY ON BAMBARA NUT (VIGNA SUBTERRANEAN (L.) VERDC.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
M.I. Adebola, A.E. Esson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In this study, two accessions of Bambara groundnut were exposed to fast neutrons Americium-Beryllium (AmBe) source with flux of 1.5 ×104 ncm-2 s-1for different hours, and planted in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications to raise M1 generation. The data recorded were percentage germination, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight. There was variation in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, Days to 50% flowering, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight for Black accession. In the Cream accession, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, dry weight of pods, weight of seeds and100 seeds weight were significantly different. Treatment at 16 hours performed best for plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, weight of seed per plant and 100 seed weight in Black accession while Cream performed best at 8 hours exposure time. Fast neutron was observed to improve the performance of Bambara groundnut, thus can be used in breeding programme for Bambara groundnut.

scholarly journals Effects of cowdung and potassium on growth and yield of Kohlrabi

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sultana ◽  
M A Siddique ◽  
M H A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

An experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Farm of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during  the period from November 2010 to January 2011 to study the effects of cowdung and potassium on growth and yield  of Kohlrabi. The experiment consisted of three levels of cowdung (0, 20 and 40 t/ha) and four levels of potassium (0,  20, 50, 80 kg /ha). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. All the  parameters were significantly influenced by application of cowdung and potassium. The highest plant height (44.65  cm), number of leaves per plant (12.11), length of largest leaf (37.54 cm), and breadth of largest leaf (18.66 cm) were  obtained from the highest dose of cowdung and potassium applied (40 t cowdung + 80 kg K/ha) while the lowest  plant height (33.64 cm), number of leaves (9.01), length of largest leaf (27.94 cm), and breadth of largest leaf (11.00  cm) were obtained from control treatment combination. The highest fresh weight of leaves (49.33 g), fresh weight of  knob (328.66 g) and fresh weight of roots (66.55 g) per plant were also recorded under the treatment combination of  40 t cowdung + 80 kg K/ha, while the lowest fresh weight of leaves (22.11 g), fresh weight of knob (136.00 g) and  fresh weight of roots (23.33 g) were obtained from control treatment combination. Similarly, the dry weight of leaves  (19.34%), knob (15.19%) and roots (32.75%) were highest under the same treatment combination of 40 t cowdung +  80 kg K/ha and the lowest dry weight of leaves (11.71%), dry weight of knob (7.38%) and dry weight of roots  (15.29%) were obtained from control treatment combination C0K0. The marketable yields of knob per plot (7.86 kg)  and per hectare (39.58 tons) were also the highest under the treatment combination 40 t cowdung/ha and 80 kg  potassium per hectare.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i1.12035   J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(1): 27–32, 2012  

scholarly journals Peran Umur Tanam dan Asal Benih pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Garut (Marantha Arundinacea)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Jenni Tri Utami ◽  
Supriyono Supriyono ◽  
Sri Nyoto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Number Of Leaves

<p>Arrowroot (Marantha arundinacea) is potential plant to be developed in Indonesia. Arrowroot usually grows wild without special treatment so that makes the productivity is low. The purpose of research was to find the suitable planting age and seeds origin of arrowroot. The research was conducted from October 2016 to November 2017 at Experimental Field of Agriculture Faculty of Universitas Sebelas Maret. The research used RCBD (Randomized Completed Block Design) with two factors.The treatment of planting age consist of 3 levels (1 month, 2 months, 3 months) and seeds origin consist of 2 levels (tuber seeds and seed of nursery), each is repeated 4 times with 3 plants each replication. The results showed that the planting age treatment at 1 month of planting age has the better result compared with other treatments in almost every variables observed i.e plant height, number of tillers, tuber lenght, diameter tuber, and tuber weight per plant. The number of leaves,fresh weight plant, dry weight plant, and number of tubers are not significantly different at 1 month of planting age, although the plant is higher. The highest lenght of tuber is 20,5 cm from 2 months of planting age. Tuber weight of planting age treatment reached 31,8–124,9 gram per plant. Seed of nursery showed better results than tuber seeds although not significanly different. Between planting age and origin of seeds was no interaction.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH KEMIRINGAN TALANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL DUA VARIETAS PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.) DENGAN SISTEM HIDROPONIK NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Syahtian Suprayogi ◽  
Suprihati Suprihati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The slope of the gutter is one of the factors that affect plant growth and yield. This tilt affects the dissolved oxygen content in the hydroponic nutrient flow. Dissolved oxygen is one of the factors that can affect plant growth and yield. This study aims to determine the effect of guttering on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants. The research was conducted in Salatiga, Central Java from March to May 2019 in a greenhouse. Combination treatment of Pakcoy variety with gutter slopes. Each was repeated four times to obtain 24 experimental trials. This study used a randomized block design. The parameters observed were dissolved oxygen, number of leaves, plant height, shoot diameter, plant fresh weight, upper fresh weight, lower fresh weight, upper dry weight, and lower dry weight. Data analysis using variance. The DMRT test was used to see the distance between treatments with a 95% confidence interval. Based on the research results, the combination of varieties and the slope of the gutter had a significant effect on the number of leaves, crown diameter, and plant fresh weight. The combination of green pakcoy varieties with a 12% gutter slope gave the best results including plant height 25.32 cm, number of leaves 18.83, crown diameter 33.36 cm and fresh weight of 161.4 g plant-1. Keywords: NFT, varieties, slope gutters, dissolved oxygen

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS RATES OF COW MANURE APPLICATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Nur Humairoh Arzad ◽  
Yohanis Tambing ◽  
Bahrudin Bahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Village

The research was conducted in the village of Sidera, Subdistrict of Sigi Biromaru, District of Sigi, in May to June 2016. The research aims to find out the effect of various rates of cow manure on growth and yield of mustard.this research was arranged  in a randomized block design (RBD) which consist of 5 rates ofcow manure are: 10 t ha-1, 15 t ha-1, 20 t ha-1, 25 tha-1 and 30 t ha-1 , each treatment was repeated three times to obtain 15 units experiment. The results of this research showed that the application of cow manure significantly affected on growth and yield of mustard plants (plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of plant) and best rate of manure to mustard (Brassica juncea L.) can be achieved at the dose of 25 t ha-1. 

scholarly journals UTanggap Beberapa Dosis Pupuk Organik Kascing Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.) Yang Berbeda Varietas

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Yuda Pratama ◽  
Nurmayulis Nurmayulis ◽  
Imas Rohmawati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The research was aimed to know the effect of dose of organic fertilizer to growth and yield varieties of mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The method used was a randomized block design a Randomized Completely Block Design with 2 factors. The first factor was the organic fertilizer, namely (P) and the second factor was the variety. The first factors was the organic vermicompost, which consists of 4 levels, namely: P0 = 0 g / plant, P1 = 30 g / plant, P2 = 60 g / plant, P3 = 90 g / plant the second factor was varieties, which consists of three levels, namely: V1 = Tosakan varieties, V2 = Kumala varieties, V3 = Sri Tanjung varieties. Thus there was 12 combinations of treatment, each treatment was repeated three times, in order to get 36 experimental unit. Parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, root dry weight. The results of this research showed that vermicompost fertilizer showed significant effect on the observation parameters plant height, root length, fresh weight of plant, plant dry weight, root dry weight. Vermicompost fertilizer dose of 60 g / plant give the best average results in almost all variables observation (plant height 18,6 g, fresh weight of plant 10,3 g, plant dry weight 1,3 g and root dry weight 0,4 g. Kumala varieties gave the highest rates in the observation parameters number of leaves 7,2 sheet and fresh weight of plant 10,0 g. The interaction of both treatment showed no real effect on all parameters of observation.

scholarly journals PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK NPK MUTIARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KACANG HIJAU (Phaseolus radiatus L.)

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Murdaningsih Murdaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

This study aims to determine the effect of NPK Mutiara fertilizer dose on the growth and yield of green beans and determine the optimum dosage of NPK Mutiara fertilizer that can deliver growth and yield optimal green beans. The design used in this study is a randomized block design with treatments used were N0 (without fertilizer NPK NPK 0 kg ha-1 or 0 g plot-1), N1 (NPK fertilizer 125 kg ha-1 or 25 g plot-1), N2 (NPK fertilizer 250 kg ha-1 or 50 g plot-1), N3 (NPK fertilizer 375 kg ha-1 or 75 g), N4 (NPK 500 kg ha-1 or 100 g plot-1). Variable observation in this study was plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of pods tan-1 fresh weight stover tan-1, the dry weight of stover tan-1, the dry weight of stover ha-1 dry weight of seed tan-1, heavy ha-1 dry beans, dry weight of 100 seeds. The results showed that treatment of NPK fertilizer dose of 500 kg ha-1 very significant effect on plant height of 27.75 cm, leaf number 8 strands, leaf area 357.78 cm2, Total pods 19.65, fresh weight stover tan-1 96, 25 g, dry weight of stover tan-1 76.00 g, stover dry weight ha-1 19.00 tons, dry weight of seed tan-1 5.36-gram dry weight seed ha-1 1.34 tonnes, the weight of 100 seeds 2.62 gr.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) BERBASIS APLIKASI BIOURINE SAPI

EUGENIA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olvie G. Tandi ◽  
J. Paulus ◽  
A. Pinaria
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tuber Fresh Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Tuber Treatment

ABSTRACT   The research  aims to assess the response to the growth and production of onion against of liquid organic fertilizer from cow biourie in some concentrations and to get the best concentration for the growth and production of red onion. The research was conducted atfield experimental in Pandu, North Minahasa regency from May to July 2014. The experiment was designed using a randomized block design. The treatment was concentration of cow biourine namely 0% (B1) 10%, (B2) 20%, (B3) 30%, (B4) 40% and (B5) 50%. Each treatment was replicated three times. Characters observed were plant height, number of leaves, tuber diameter, number of tuber, fresh weight of tuber with leaves and dry weight of tuber. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance. The result showed that the biourine concentration had significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, tuber diameter, number of tuber, fresh weight of tuber with leaves and dry weight of tuber. Treatment of B1, B2, B3 and B4 concentration were not significant difference at plant height. However, those four treatments were significantly different compared to B0 and B5. The fives treatment differed with the control on characters of number of leaves, number of tuber andfresh weight of tuber with leaves. On character of tuber dry weight, B2 treatment was significant difference compared to control whereas the other treatments were not significantly differed. On character of tuber diameter, three treatments were significant difference compared to the control namely B2, B4 and B5. Keywords : Allium ascalonicum L,  biourine cow, fertilizer, growth and production

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF RAW SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM TWO ISOLATES OF Trichoderma harzianum AGAINST ANTHRACNOSE ON RED CHILI PEPPER IN THE FIELD

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Endang Mugiastuti ◽  
Agus Suyanto ◽  
Ruth Feti Rahayuniati
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pepper Plants

Anthracnose on red chili pepper is one of the highly damaging diseases that difficult to control bypesticides. This study aimed to determine the effect of raw secondary metabolites isolated from two isolates of Trichodermaharzianum towards anthracnose as well as the growth and yield of red chili pepper plants in the field. The research used arandomized block design with five treatments and seven replicates. The treatments tested were control, raw secondarymetabolites of T. harzianum T10 and T213, and their combination. The observed variables were incubation period, diseaseintensity, the late population density of T. harzianum, plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight of the plant and root,flowering time, number of fruits per plant, fresh weight of fruit, and phenolic compound content analysis. The result showedthat the raw secondary metabolites from the combination of the two T. harzianum isolates were the best treatments that couldlengthen the incubation period and decrease the disease intensity as 30.2 and 87.05%, respectively. However, these applicationscould not increase the growth components; while for the yield components, the application could improve the number of fruitsper plant and fresh weight of fruit as 15.33 and 34.53%, respectively.

The Effects of PGR Soaking Treatment and Cow Manure Fertilizer Dosage On Corn (Zea mays L.) Variety Arjuna Growth and Yield

Nabatia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
A Miftakhurrohmat ◽  
Fitri Yantika Nur Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The main objective of this investigation was to study The Effects of PGR Soaking Treatment and Cow Manure Fertilizer Dosage On Corn (Zea mays L.) Variety Arjuna Growth and Yield, this experiment was conducted at Jiken village, Tulangan, Sidoarjoduring April to July 2018,This research used a two factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and repeated three times. The first faktor was PGR Soaking treatment (0, 15, and 20ml/liter). The second factor was Cow Manure Fertilizer (10, 20, dan 30 ton/ha). Parameters research focused on buds appeared time, plant height, the number of leaves, stem diameters, cob of corn fresh weight, cob of corn dry weight, and corn seed dry weight. This research reflectedsignificant differences interaction between PGR Soaking Treatment and Cow Manure Fertilizer Dosage in plant height (42 DAP). PGR Soaking Treatment reflected significant differences in cob of corn, number of leaves (56 DAP), and very significant differences of corn fresh weight and dry weight, and corn seed dry weight. Cow Manure Fertilizer Dosage reflected significant differences in cob of corn fresh weight and dry weight, and corn seed dry weight.

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