scholarly journals FLOWSTANDART PHONOPNEUMOGRAPHY QUIET BREATHING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF COMORBID CURRENT COMMUNITYACQUIRED PNEUMONIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
E. V. Malinina ◽  
V. A. Dubinkin
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Quiet Breathing ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Acoustic Diagnostics ◽  
Acoustic Pattern ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The aim of our study was to estimate the potential of the flow about standardized panoramogram quiet breathing (PFPG SD) for the diagnosis of inflammation in patients with community-acquired pneumonia on a background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Materials and methods: 36 healthy male volunteers aged 18 to 76 years old and 36 men with CAP on the background of COPD aged 45 to 80 years old, hospitalized in the Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and were examined. PFPG SD was performed on admission to all patients and healthy individuals.Results and discussion: Spectral criteria for acoustic diagnostics of the focus of patients with CAP on the background of COPD were developed, determined by PFPG SD. The maximum specificity for the group of healthy people was reached — 80,5%, the maximum sensitivity of detecting the focus of inflammation — 83,3%. The sensitivity of PFPG SD exceeds the sensitivity of subjective auscultation. The types of acoustic pattern and their threshold values for patients were revealed.

scholarly journals Influenza in Malaysian adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma: a multicenter, active surveillance study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kek Pang ◽  
Ahmad Izuanuddin Ismail ◽  
Yoke Fun Chan ◽  
Adelina Cheong ◽  
Yoong Min Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Available data on influenza burden across Southeast Asia are largely limited to pediatric populations, with inconsistent findings. Methods We conducted a multicenter, hospital-based active surveillance study of adults in Malaysia with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and acute exacerbation of asthma (AEBA), who had influenza-like illness ≤10 days before hospitalization. We estimated the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza and associated complications over 13 months (July 2018–August 2019) and described the distribution of causative influenza strains. We evaluated predictors of laboratory-confirmed influenza and severe clinical outcomes using multivariate analysis. Results Of 1106 included patients, 114 (10.3%) were influenza-positive; most were influenza A (85.1%), with A/H1N1pdm09 being the predominant circulating strain during the study following a shift from A/H3N2 from January–February 2019 onwards. In multivariate analyses, an absence of comorbidities (none versus any comorbidity [OR (95%CI), 0.565 (0.329–0.970)], p = 0.038) and of dyspnea (0.544 (0.341–0.868)], p = 0.011) were associated with increased risk of influenza positivity. Overall, 184/1106 (16.6%) patients were admitted to intensive care or high-dependency units (ICU/HDU) (13.2% were influenza positive) and 26/1106 (2.4%) died (2.6% were influenza positive). Males were more likely to have a severe outcome (ICU/HDU admission or death). Conclusions Influenza was a significant contributor to hospitalizations associated with CAP, AECOPD and AEBA. However, it was not associated with ICU/HDU admission in this population. Study registration, NMRR ID: NMRR-17-889-35,174.

scholarly journals Assessment of Analysis of Urinary Pneumococcal Antigen by Immunochromatography for Etiologic Diagnosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1092-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Briones ◽  
José Blanquer ◽  
David Ferrando ◽  
Maria Luisa Blasco ◽  
Concepción Gimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Antigen ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Etiologic Diagnosis

ABSTRACT The limitations of conventional microbiologic methods (CMM) for etiologic diagnosis of community pneumococcal pneumonia have made faster diagnostic techniques necessary. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of the immunochromatography (ICT) technique for detecting urinary Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen in the etiologic diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonias (CAP). This was a prospective study on in-patients with CAP in a tertiary hospital conducted from October 2000 to March 2004. Apart from using CMM to reach an etiologic diagnosis, we determined pneumococcal antigen in concentrated urine by ICT. We also determined the urinary pneumococcal antigen (UPA) content in patients from two control groups to calculate the specificity of the technique. One group was comprised of in-patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, with respiratory infection, and without pneumonia; the other group included fractures. We studied 959 pneumonia patients and determined UPA content in 911 (95%) of them. We diagnosed the etiology of 253 cases (28%) using CMM; S. pneumoniae was the most common etiologic agent (57 cases). ICT analysis was positive for 279 patients (31%). Using this technique, the percentage of diagnoses of pneumococcal pneumonias increased by 26%, while the overall etiologic diagnosis increased from 28 to 49%. The technique sensitivity was 81%; the specificity oscillated between 80% in CAP with nonpneumococcal etiology and 99% for patients with fractures without infections. Determination of UPA is a rapid, simple analysis with good sensitivity and specificity, which increased the percentage of etiologic diagnoses. Positive UPA may persist in COPD patients with probable pneumococcal colonization or recent pneumococcal infections.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF USING MINIINVASIVE CATHETER TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TREATMENT OF LUNG BLEEDING

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Kateryna Ponomarova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Aim – improve the results of the treatment of patients with pulmonary bleeding through widespread use of endovascular surgery methods for hemostasis. Materials and methods. Method of endovascular embolization of bronchial arteries is widely used in our clinic SI «Zaycev V. T. Institute of General and Emergency surgery of NAMS of Ukraine» not only as independent surgery in patients with LB, but also as way of preparation of patients with lung bleeding for planned thorax surgery. The most of the often spread nosological forms complicated by bleeding in our research were polycystic lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis disease, community-acquired pneumonia. Indications to the сatheter embolization procedure of bronchial arteries are the following: conservative treatment failure, hemoptysis in patients with bilateral inflammatory processes who was not prescribed surgical treatment for a range of reasons, absence of gross structural changes, lung resection, mainly in patients with oncologic lung injury, at massive and life-threatening profuse bleedings as a mean of temporary or constant hemostasis. Discussed treatment method is applied only in bleeding or within a 6 – 12 hour after its treatment. Successful result in embolization can be obtained in 79–99 %. Results. As a result of complete physical examination of patients with LB, it has been established that lung hemorrhage was the result of obstructive bronchitis in 14 patients (42 %), there was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 7 (21 %) patients and bronchiectasis was diagnosed in 6 (18 %) patients. In 2 (6 %) patients pulmonary hemorrhage was caused by community-acquired pneumonia. Central lung cancer was detected in 4 (12 %) patients. Conclusion. Therefore bronchial artery angiography gives high efficiency in solving the problem of hemostasis in oncological and nonspecific lung diseases, for determination of localization and source of bleeding. Endovascular occlusion of bronchial arteries in pulmonary hemorrhage permits: – to elaborate diagnosis because of the presence of specific angiographic signs of malignant tumour; – to perform effective endovascular hemostasis; – to gain time for stabilization the patient with the aim of planned surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Levofloxacin: the role and significance in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 851-860
Author(s):  
Aleksandr I. Sinopal’nikov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Atypical Pathogens ◽  
Tract Infections

The advent of the first «respiratory» fluoroquinolone in the late 1990s gave rise to a dramatic growth in popularity ofantibiotics of this class. Levofloxacin like other fluoroquinolones is highly active with respect to Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical pathogens including penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is recommended for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia, and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Levofloxacin is safe and characterized by high bioavailability and high concentration at the site of inflammation. Therapy with its high doses (750 and 1000 mg/day) during 5 days improves the outcome of the treatment due to improved compliance and minimal risk of development of drug resistance. nosocomial pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

scholarly journals Pulmonary comorbidity in chronic lymphoproliferative diseases: realities of the problem in the Dnipro region

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
K.Yu. Gashynova  ◽  
G.V. Usenko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Diseases ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Chronic Lymphoproliferative Diseases ◽  
Possible Cause

The prevalence of the chronic lymphoproliferative diseases is increasing worldwide with increase of the population age. It is known that the presence of comorbidities in such patients plays an important role in predicting treatment outcomes. The aim of the work was to study the prevalence and determine the structure of respiratory symptoms and comorbid pulmonary pathology in patients with chronic lymphoproliferative diseases (CLPD) in the Dnipro region of Ukraine. After analyzing 986 cards of inpatients of the hematology department, whose average age was 65 (56; 69) years, it was determined that 9.0% of patients had at least one chronic respiratory disease, the most common among which were chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as community-acquired pneumonia. Dyspnea and tachypnea are also common among patients with CLPD without established respiratory comorbidity, cardiovascular disease, or anemia. Based on the data obtained, we can recommend a study of the respiratory function and pulse oximetry, as well as a thorough collection of anamnesis of smoking and analysis of the results of chest computed tomography in all patients with CLPD in order to identify the possible cause of shortness of breath and establish the presence of respiratory comorbidity.

scholarly journals Recognition of conserved antigens by Th17 cells provides broad protection against pulmonaryHaemophilus influenzaeinfection

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (30) ◽  
pp. E7149-E7157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Li ◽  
Xinyun Zhang ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Qingqin Yin ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Antigenic Variation ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Th17 Response ◽  
Homologous Strain ◽  
Different Strains

NontypeableHaemophilus influenzae(NTHi) is a major cause of community acquired pneumonia and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A current effort in NTHi vaccine development has focused on generating humoral responses and has been greatly impeded by antigenic variation among the numerous circulating NTHi strains. In this study, we showed that pulmonary immunization of mice with killed NTHi generated broad protection against lung infection by different strains. While passive transfer of immune antibodies protected only against the homologous strain, transfer of immune T cells conferred protection against both homologous and heterologous strains. Further characterization revealed a strong Th17 response that was cross-reactive with different NTHi strains. Responding Th17 cells recognized both cytosolic and membrane-associated antigens, while immune antibodies preferentially responded to surface antigens and were highly strain specific. We further identified several conserved proteins recognized by lung Th17 cells during NTHi infection. Two proteins yielding the strongest responses were tested as vaccine candidates by immunization of mice with purified proteins plus an adjuvant. Immunization induced antigen-specific Th17 cells that recognized different strains and, upon adoptive transfer, conferred protection. Furthermore, immunized mice were protected against challenge with not only NTHi strains but also a fully virulent, encapsulated strain. Together, these results show that the immune mechanism of cross-protection against pneumonia involves Th17 cells, which respond to a broad spectrum of antigens, including those that are highly conserved among NTHi strains. These mechanistic insights suggest that inclusion of Th17 antigens in subunit vaccines offers the advantage of inducing broad protection and complements the current antibody-based approaches.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and comorbid conditions as risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in outpatient adults (NEUMO-ES-RISK project)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Rivero-Calle ◽  
Miriam Cebey-López ◽  
Jacobo Pardo-Seco ◽  
José Yuste ◽  
Esther Redondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sampling Ratio

IntroductionInformation about community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) risk in primary care is limited. We assess different lifestyle and comorbid conditions as risk factors (RF) for CAP in adults in primary care.MethodsA retrospective-observational-controlled study was designed. Adult CAP cases diagnosed at primary care in Spain between 2009 and 2013 were retrieved using the National Surveillance System of Primary Care Data (BiFAP). Age-matched and sex-matched controls were selected by incidence density sampling (ratio 2:1). Associations are presented as percentages and OR. Binomial regression models were constructed to avoid bias effects.Results51 139 patients and 102 372 controls were compared. Mean age (SD) was 61.4 (19.9) years. RF more significantly linked to CAP were: HIV (OR [95% CI]: 5.21 [4.35 to 6.27]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (2.97 [2.84 to 3.12]), asthma (2.16 [2.07,2.26]), smoking (1.96 [1.91 to 2.02]) and poor dental hygiene (1.45 [1.41 to 1.49]). Average prevalence of any RF was 82.2% in cases and 69.2% in controls (2.05 [2.00 to 2.10]). CAP rate increased with the accumulation of RF and age: risk associated with 1RF was 1.42 (1.37 to 1.47) in 18–60-year-old individuals vs 1.57 (1.49 to 1.66) in >60 years of age, with 2RF 1.88 (1.80 to 1.97) vs 2.35 (2.23, 2.48) and with ≥ 3 RF 3.11 (2.95, 3.30) vs 4.34 (4.13 to 4.57).DiscussionPrevalence of RF in adult CAP in primary care is high. Main RFs associated are HIV, COPD, asthma, smoking and poor dental hygiene. Our risk stacking results could help clinicians identify patients at higher risk of pneumonia.

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