scholarly journals Microbial flora of dentin of remote wisdom teeth

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
V. O. Sidorenko ◽  
A. M. Panin ◽  
A. M. Tsitsiashvili ◽  
M. S. Podporin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Reconstructive Operations ◽  
Human Bone Tissue ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Bone Autograft ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The aim of our study was to study the microbial flora of autodentin of removed wisdom teeth and compare it with the microbial flora of the oral cavity in order to determineits safe use as graft for thereplacement of defects of the alveolar bone. Relevance. The dental dentin is close in organic and mineral composition to human bone tissue. A bone autograft is considered the “gold standard” for ridge augmentation. However, a bone autograft graft increases the morbidity of reconstructive operations, requiring the formation of a donor zone, which increases the feeling of discomfort and the patient’s rehabilitation time. Increases the risk of intra- and postoperative complications. Materials and methods. A group of patients with wisdom teeth to be removed had smears taken from the mucous membrane in the area of the extracted teeth. After that, the teeth were removed, crushed using a bone mill manually, or reduced to thin plates, placed in nutrient media and sent for microbiological examination. Conclusions. According to the microbiological study, the microflora of the oral cavity and the microbial flora of the extracted teeth were identical, only quantitative indicators differed.

scholarly journals Effect of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Oral Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goutam Nanavati ◽  
T. Prasanth ◽  
Manab Kosala ◽  
Sujit K. Bhandari ◽  
Pamil Banotra
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

AbstractProbiotics are the living microorganisms that have been commonly used in the prevention of gastrointestinal disorders. In recent times, probiotic and prebiotics have been used to assess and develop a natural balance of the microbial flora in the respiratory tract and the oral cavity as an adjunct therapy. They are known to augment the existing microbial flora that is beneficial to the host. Prebiotics are nondigestible food ingredients that help in increasing populations of probiotic bacteria. Recent studies have shown that probiotics help in active reduction in gingivitis, dental caries, periodontitis, and halitosis by replacing the harmful oral species, by means of utilizing abundant health-associated oral microbial species. Additionally, the nitrate-reducing bacteria have shown promising effect in improving efficiency of probiotic strains to accentuate oral health benefits. Probiotics along with prebiotics effectively alter the host–microbial interface by achieving homeostasis in multifactorial diseases such as periodontal diseases and oral malodor. The aim of the review is to collate the existing information available on use of probiotics and prebiotics in oral cavity.

scholarly journals A retrospective cohort study of how alveolar ridge preservation affects the need of alveolar ridge augmentation at posterior tooth implant sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Fang Hu ◽  
Ying-Chu Lin ◽  
Yu-Ting Huang ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Chou
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Ridge Preservation ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Posterior Tooth ◽  
Alveolar Ridge Preservation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Treatment Plans

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to assess whether alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) can reduce the need of ridge augmentation at posterior tooth sites. Material and methods This study enrolled patients who received dental implants at posterior tooth sites during 2013–2019. Demographic data and dental treatment histories were collected. Based on healing patterns after tooth extraction, patients were divided into ARP and spontaneous healing (SH) groups. Three surgical treatment plans were devised according to the alveolar bone volume on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The three treatment plans were to perform implant alone, simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) and implantation, and staged GBR before implantation. Statistical analyses were performed to determine relationships. Results There were 92 implant records in the ARP group and 249 implant records in the SH group. A significant intergroup difference was observed regarding the frequency distribution of the treatment modality of staged GBR before implant (χ2 = 15.07, p = 0.0005). Based on the implant alone treatment modality and simple logistic regression, the SH pattern was related to staged GBR before implant (SH vs. ARP: crude odds ratio (OR) = 4.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.15–11.61, p = 0.0003). After adjusting confounding factors, the risk was still significant (adjusted OR = 5.02, 95% CI = 2.26–12.85, p = 0.0002). Conclusions The study results suggested that ARP is more likely to lead to the treatment modality of implant alone and reduce the need for staged GBR before implantation. Clinical relevance This study describes ARP capable of minimizing the need for staged GBR before implantation and shortening the treatment duration.

scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase Contributes to Resistance against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-Induced Periodontitis in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Bast ◽  
Helen Kubis ◽  
Birte Holtfreter ◽  
Silvia Ribback ◽  
Heiner Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative commensal bacterium of the oral cavity which has been associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis with severe alveolar bone destruction. The role of host factors such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates in periodontal A. actinomycetemcomitans infection and progression to periodontitis is still ill-defined. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role of NADPH oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in a murine model of A. actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontitis. NADPH oxidase-deficient (gp91phox knockout [KO]), iNOS-deficient (iNOS KO), and C57BL/6 wild-type mice were orally infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans and analyzed for bacterial colonization at various time points. Alveolar bone mineral density and alveolar bone volume were quantified by three-dimensional micro-computed tomography, and the degree of tissue inflammation was calculated by histological analyses. At 5 weeks after infection, A. actinomycetemcomitans persisted at significantly higher levels in the murine oral cavities of infected gp91phox KO mice than in those of iNOS KO and C57BL/6 mice. Concomitantly, alveolar bone mineral density was significantly lower in all three infected groups than in uninfected controls, but with the highest loss of bone density in infected gp91phox KO mice. Only infected gp91phox KO mice revealed significant loss of alveolar bone volume and enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as an increased number of osteoclasts. Our results indicate that NADPH oxidase is important to control A. actinomycetemcomitans infection in the murine oral cavity and to prevent subsequent alveolar bone destruction and osteoclastogenesis.

Avascular necrosis of the jaw in multiple myeloma (MM) patients (pts) treated with bisphosphonates (BP)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18538-18538
Author(s):  
L. Curreli ◽  
A. D. Palmas ◽  
G. Latte ◽  
A. Murgia ◽  
A. Gabbas
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Allogenic Bone ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
Aggressive Surgical Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

18538 Background: Oral cavity avascular bone necrosis (ABN) has been recently reported as an emerging serious complication in pts receiving BP for the treatment of hypercalcemia related to MM or metastatic solid tumors. Methods: We report the cases of 6 pts with MM treated initially with pamidronate and later with zoledronic acid (ZA). Results: Pts characteristics : M/F 3/3; mean age 58.4 (46–78); 4 IgG κ,1 γ and 1 κ MM; 5 St IIIA and 1 IIIB; mean history of disease 61.3 mo. (23–103); 5 pts had a relapsing MM refractory to several lines of therapy but 1 pt had received only high dose dexametazone (D); 2 pts had received autologous stem cell transplantation and 1 pt allogenic bone marrow transplantation; mean n.° of BP doses was 41.3 (17–81). At the time of ABN onset all pts were receiving ZA along with, respectively: D (2 pts); cyclophosphamide plus D (1 pt), bortezomib plus D (2 pts) and oral melphalan (1 pt). ABN was localized in 2 pts at alveolar bone of the right maxilla and presented as an inflammation of the gum, followed by a painful bone exposure. In the other 4 pts ABN was localized at mandible and presented as dental abscesses followed in 2/4 pts by cutaneous fistulization. Treatment has included in all pts discontinuation of ZA, antibiotics, chlorhexidine mouthwashes, pain control, minor regional débridement, and bone trimming. In 1 pt a more aggressive surgical approach was attempted at an other Institution and postoperative course was complicated by massive haemorrhage and complete loss of chewing. Four pts dead with progressive disease with a mean overall survival after ABN presentation of 6 mo.; 2 pts are alive after 3 and 4 mo. after ABN presentation; however in all pts ABN significantly worsened quality of life. Conclusions: Oral cavity ABN is a severe complication in refractory MM pts receiving BP. Mechanisms of action of BP that determine a reduction in osteoclastic activity and an accumulation of nonvital osteocytes with microfractures of old mineral matrix appear to play an important role. However other causes may be involved as a long history of disease; an uncontrolled progressive disease; type and doses of previous and present therapies, primarily steroids; status of oral cavity and teeth of pts and possibly the n.° of doses of BP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Surgical Approaches Based on Biological Objectives: GTR versus GBR Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Pellegrini ◽  
Giorgio Pagni ◽  
Giulio Rasperini
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Biological Basis ◽  
Ridge Augmentation

Guided tissue regenerative (GTR) therapies are performed to regenerate the previously lost tooth supporting structure, thus maintaining the aesthetics and masticatory function of the available dentition. Alveolar ridge augmentation procedures (GBR) intend to regain the alveolar bone lost following tooth extraction and/or periodontal disease. Several biomaterials and surgical approaches have been proposed. In this paper we report biomaterials and surgical techniques used for periodontal and bone regenerative procedures. Particular attention will be adopted to highlight the biological basis for the different therapeutic approaches.

Continuous Periosteal Strapping Sutures for Stabilization of Osseous Grafts With Resorbable Membranes for Buccal Ridge Augmentation: A Technique Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamir H Shalev ◽  
Gregori M Kurtzman ◽  
Alon H Shalev ◽  
Deborah K Johnson ◽  
Mark Elias M Kersten
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Alveolar Bone Loss ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Ridge Structure ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Bone Height

Alveolar bone loss occurs after extraction with loss of a premolar or anterior tooth; the residual supporting alveolar bone loss averages 1.53 mm of crestal bone height and 3.87 mm of buccolingual width, with most of the bone loss occurring at the facial plate. Socket preservation does not completely preserve the original ridge contours but can be an effective means of reducing bone loss following extraction. Attempts to rebuild the alveolar ridge structure after tooth loss often employ the concept of guided bone regeneration, a technique-sensitive procedure that routinely involves placement of particulate bone with or without fixation screws and either a resorbable or a nonresorbable membrane. We present a novel technique for stabilizing a resorbable membrane and underlying particulate graft allowing for predictable bone grafting across multiple edentulous sites.

scholarly journals The Progress of the General Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Caries in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Jinping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Life Safety ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Healthy Growth

At present, caries has become one of the diseases that threaten peoples' health. Because caries usually does not affect patients' life safety, it is not paid enough attention to. In fact, the harm of caries to human health is significant. Caries can cause damage, defect or loss of teeth in the oral cavity. And it may seriously affect the quality of life and health of patients. Especially for children, they are in a critical period of growth and development. Caries may cause pain, lead to inflammation of alveolar bone and jawbone. The development of the dental system will be affected, and even lead to deformity. The prevalence of caries is high in children. Therefore, general prevention and treatment of caries is of great significance to the healthy growth of children

scholarly journals THE ANATOMICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL VARIABILITY OF THE INCISIVE CANAL IN HUMAN DEPENDING AT BONE PALATE TYPE

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
O. V. Kalmin ◽  
O. O. Ilyunina ◽  
L. A. Zyulkina
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Incisive Canal ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Reconstructive Operations ◽  
The Face ◽  
Variant Anatomy

Information on the size, anatomy and topography of the incisive canal is necessary to prevent complications during reconstructive operations in the anterior part of maxilla. The aim of the study was to study the variant anatomy and topography of the incisive canal depending on the type of bone palate. The objects of the study were computed tomograms of 174 adult people of both sexes from the age of 21 to 35 years (80 men and 94 women). The objects of study were divided into groups of leptostaphilia, mesostaphilia and brachistaphilia depending on the value of the palatine index of the face. On cone-radial computed tomograms were measured the number of nasal and incisive openings, their size and shape, the distance from the incisive opening to the labial-lower and palatine-lower points of the alveolar process and the anterior teeth of the upper jaw, the length, shape, type and angles of the incisal canal, the distance from the incisive canal to the tops of the roots of the upper incisors and canines, the thickness of the bone tissue anteriorly to the incisive canal. It was established that the sizes of the nasal and incisive openings, the length of the incisive canal were greater in men, and the distances from the incisal opening to the labial-lower and palatine-lower points of the alveolar process - in women. The length of the incisal canal in individuals of the leptostaphilia group is greater than in individuals of the brachistaphilia group. The thickness of the alveolar bone from the labial wall of the incisive canal to the vestibular cortical plate of the alveolar process at the level of the palatine and middle third of the length of the incisive canal in individuals with brachistaphilia is greater than in individuals with leptostaphilia. The angle of inclination of the incisal canal relative to the plane of the bone part of palate in individuals with brachistaphilia is greater than in individuals with leptostaphilia, and relatively the long axis of the alveolar bone, on the contrary, is smaller. Thus, the incisor canal in adults has a pronounced individual variability in size, shape and topography, depending on the type of bone palate and sex.

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