scholarly journals Bosnia and Herzegovina as a Historical Balkan Bridge Between Cultures, Religions and Nations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-559
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Savchenko ◽  
Mikhail S. Khmelevskii
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Slavia Orthodoxa ◽  
The One ◽  
The Third World ◽  
First Time

Given article presents an overview and analysis of the facts of the crossing of the Slavic, Oriental and European cultures in the very center of the Balkan Peninsula, as well as the connection of the Orthodox, Catholic and Muslim (Islamic) worlds and mentality in the historical retrospective of Bosnia and Herzegovina, its culture, ethnography and language. Special attention is paid to the specific moments of modern political life, socio-demographic problems, as well as to the peculiarities of the national mentality, traditions and customs of different peoples (formed as a result of confessional differences), living on the territory of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina. On this basis we try to present the specifics and uniqueness of this region: on the one hand, the Slavonic one, and on the other, not being such in the traditional and direct meaning of this word. Along with these questions, stereotyped views of the peoples of the former Yugoslavia on the Muslim part of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina, their actual implementation in contemporary culture, literature and language, as well as their transformation as a result of the crucial political events of the 1990s, are also considered. In the article it is concluded for the first time that apart from the notions Slavia Orthodoxa and Slavia Romana, traditionally accepted in the science about the Slavs, from the XVI century, the third world - Slavia Muslim with its mentality, culture, religion and language has started to form in the Balkans.

scholarly journals The Geopolitical Identity of the Bulgarian Nation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
A. A. Kovalevskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Small State ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Political Events ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
The One

The article considers the issues of the nature and conditions of the formation of the geopolitical identity of the Bulgarian nation. The author analyzes the specifics of geopolitical thinking in Bulgaria as a small state in South-Eastern Europe associated, on the one hand, with the approval of the “central”, “core” position of Bulgaria on the Balkan Peninsula, and with belonging to “Intermediate Europe” (“Wide South-Eastern Europe”) along with all other Balkan countries on the other hand. It has been shown that the fundamental Bulgarian geopolitical notions are not part of any clearly articulated doctrine, as was the case in neighboring Greece or Serbia, but are the result of a number of political events, due to which the modern Bulgarian national identity begins to take shape. First of all, we are talking about the firman of the Ottoman Sultan, according to which the Bulgarian Autocephalous Church – Exarchate was founded on March 11, 1870, and after that the draft about autonomous Bulgaria worked out at the Istanbul Conference of Ambassadors of the Great Powers (December 1876), and finally – San - Stefan Peace Treaty of 1878, which completed the formation of the national geopolitical ideal of "Greater Bulgaria."

scholarly journals On two remarkable species of Azeliinae (Diptera: Muscidae), previously unknown from the Balkans, but collected from Bulgaria already in the 20th century

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Eberhard Zielke
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

Achanthiptera rohrelliformis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) and Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830), two species of the subfamily Azeliinae (Muscidae), are recorded for the first time from Bulgaria, although they have been already collected around 1908 and 1973, respectively. Due to the fact that the specimen of A. rohrelliformis has not been determined earlier and that males and females of H. aenescens have been erroneously assigned to Ophyra leucostoma (Wiedemann, 1817), the findings of the two species, new to the muscid fauna from Bulgaria and the Balkan Peninsula, are only reported now.

scholarly journals National and international political mechanisms of suppression of separatism in the Balkan states

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
O. V. Sharan
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
New States ◽  
Balkan States ◽  
Mechanism Of Recognition

The article firstly identifies and reveales the essence of national and international political mechanisms of suppression of separatism that have been applied in the Balkan states, in particular, in Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The national mechanisms of suppression of separatism include legal, financial, administrative, information mechanisms, and among the international political mechanisms are international legal mechanisms, the mechanism of recognition or non-recognition of the independence of new states, international financial and economic instruments. The study showed the dynamics of the most important events that took place in the Balkans after the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in particular during the Croatian War of Independence in 1991-1995, the Bosnian War in 1992–1995, and during Kosovo’s struggle for independence from Serbia. The revival of separatist movements in the Balkan Peninsula began as a result of the overthrow of the communist regimes and the strengthening of centrifugal tendencies in Central and Eastern Europe in the 90’s of the twentieth century. The interethnic distrust and constant tension became one of the reasons for the beginning of the civil wars in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina after the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Moreover, the article characterized the concept of «Great Albania», which involves the reunification of all the territories where the Albanian ethnic group lives. Several regions of Macedonia, Montenegro, the Epirus region in Greece and Kosovo should be part of the «Greater Albania». Furthermore, the study considers the experience of suppression of separatism of Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, the possibility of its use in Ukraine and other countries where separatist tendencies dominate, in order to avoid human victims, preserve territorial integrity and inviolability of borders. Consequently, separatism is a dangerous phenomenon that contains an enormous threat to the national security and territorial integrity, since it is related to the change of borders of the existing states and creation of the new countries on the political map of the world.

scholarly journals The genetic origin of Daunians and the Pan-Mediterranean southern Italian Iron Age context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Aneli ◽  
Tina Saupe ◽  
Francesco Montinaro ◽  
Anu Solnik ◽  
Ludovica Molinaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Genetic Landscape ◽  
First Time

The geographical location and shape of Apulia, a narrow land stretching out in the sea at the South of Italy, made this region a Mediterranean crossroads connecting Western Europe and the Balkans. Such movements culminated at the beginning of the Iron Age with the Iapygian civilization which consisted of three cultures: Peucetians, Messapians and Daunians. Among them, the Daunians left a peculiar cultural heritage, with one-of-a-kind stelae and pottery, but, despite the extensive archaeological literature, their origin has been lost to time. In order to shed light on this and to provide a genetic picture of Iron Age Southern Italy, we collected and sequenced human remains from three archaeological sites geographically located in Northern Apulia (the area historically inhabited by Daunians) and radiocarbon dated between 1157 and 275 calBCE. We find that Iron Age Apulian samples are still distant from the genetic variability of modern-day Apulians, they show a remarkable genetic heterogeneity, even though a few kilometers and centuries separate them, and they are well inserted into the Iron Age Pan-Mediterranean genetic landscape. Our study provides for the first time a window on the genetic make-up of pre-imperial Southern Italy, whose increasing connectivity within the Mediterranean landscape, would have contributed to laying the foundation for modern genetic variability. In this light, the genetic profile of Daunians may be compatible with an autochthonous origin, with plausible contributions from the Balkan peninsula.

“After a High Negative Way”: Emerson's “Self-Reliance” and the Rhetoric of Conversion

1991 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Hodder
Keyword(s):  
American Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Stanley Cavell ◽  
Harold Bloom ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Robert Bellah ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

The year 1991 marked the sesquicentennial of the publication of the first volume of Emerson's Essays in which appeared, for the first time, “Self-Reliance,” arguably America's most famous essay. Despite the passage of time, this essay has never lost its power to inspire or to enrage. The controversies that continue to swirl around Emerson originate in a few points of contention, but none arouse as much furor as his seemingly innocuous formulation “self-reliance.” From the beginning, Emerson's reception among his readers has been sharply divided. A sampling of studies appearing in the current flood of Emerson criticism suggests that this polarization has never been more characteristic of Emerson's readership than it is currently. On the one hand are those critics of American culture like the late A. Bartlett Giamatti who found Emerson “as sweet as barbed wire” or the sociologist of religion Robert Bellah who located in Emerson the roots of America's most portentous national defects. On the other hand are such notable critics as Harold Bloom, Stanley Cavell, and Richard Poirier who find in Emerson, rightly read and construed, one of the few viable trails left in contemporary culture. The crux of all such articulate responses, whether of detractor or partisan, is the reflexive and seemingly disinterested conception popularized by Emerson as “self-reliance.”

The Paliurus spina-christi dominated vegetation in Europe

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Casavecchia ◽  
Nello Biscotti ◽  
Simone Pesaresi ◽  
Edoardo Biondi
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Bioclimatic Indices ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Phytosociological Relevés ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe revision of the Paliurus spina-christi dominated vegetation of Europe is presented here. The study area includes the north-eastern part of Iberian Peninsula and Provence to the west, and spreads through the Apennine Peninsula to the Balkan Peninsula and up to Eastern Mediterranean areas. The phytosociological releves of Paliurus spina-christi dominated vegetation found in the literature for these European territories were gathered together in a phytosociological table. Floristic analysis, cluster analysis, and indirect gradient analysis were performed to determine the similarities and differences between the different Paliurus spina-christi dominated communities and their correlations with the main bioclimatic indices described in the literature. The various analyses highlight the existence of nine different associations (one of which is described here for the first time) that are attributed to different syntaxonomic levels.In the conclusion, a syntaxonomical scheme is proposed that classifies the European vegetation of shrublands in the class Rhamno-Prunetea which includes the class Paliuretea. Currently, we recognized three orders within this class: Prunetalia spinosae for central and south-central Europe; Pyro spinosae-Rubetalia ulmifolii within the Temperate oceanic bioclimate of the sub-Mediterranean variant; Paliuretalia spinae-christi with a central Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean distribution, that mainly occurs in the central-eastern Mediterranean (Southern Apennine Peninsula) and the Balkans.Finally, a part of the shrub vegetation dominated by Paliurus spina-christi is referred to the class Quercetea ilicis, the order Pistacio lentisci-Rhamnetalia alaterni, the alliance Oleo sylvestris-Ceratonion siliquae and the suballiance Oleo sylvestris- Paliurenion spinae-christi that refers to thermophilous shrub communities that require high edaphic humidity.

scholarly journals New records of Microbotryum (Microbotryaceae) from the Balkan Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Teodor Denchev ◽  
Boris Assyov ◽  
Cvetomir Denchev
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
New Records ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
New Host ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Seven smut fungi belonging to the genus Microbotryum are reported for the first time from the following Balkan countries: M. heliospermatis, M. piperi, M. scabiosae, M. silenes-dioicae, and M. silenes-saxifragae from Bulgaria, M. reticulatum, M. silenes-saxifragae, and M. stygium from Greece, and M. silenes-saxifragae from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. The finding of M. piperi represents the first Balkan record of this smut fungus which, elsewhere in Europe, is only known from the French Pyrenees and the Italian Alps. The finding of M. stygium in Crete considerably extends its distribution in Europe. Rumex tuberosus subsp. creticus is reported as a new host for M. stygium.

Revision of the flightless click-beetle genus Dima Charpentier, 1825 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Dimini) in the Balkan Peninsula

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4220 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEF MERTLIK ◽  
TAMÁS NÉMETH ◽  
ROBIN KUNDRATA
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time

The genus Dima Charpentier, 1825 in the Balkan Peninsula and surrounding areas was revised based on the adult semaphoronts. Altogether 33 species are known from the investigated area, of which nine are new for science: D. bruhai sp. nov. (Greece), D. dusaneki sp. nov. (Macedonia), D. fialai sp. nov. (Macedonia), D. kozufensis sp. nov. (Greece, Macedonia), D. orientalis sp. nov. (Bulgaria), D. pelikani sp. nov. (Albania, Montenegro), D. pelionensis sp. nov. (Greece), D. vonickai sp. nov. (Albania), and D. zbuzeki sp. nov. (Greece). Dima peloponnensis Schimmel & Platia, 2008 was synonymized under D. assingi Schimmel & Platia, 2008, D. scutellaris Platia, 2010 and D. fokidensis Schimmel & Platia, 2008 were synonymized under D. fthiotidensis Schimmel & Platia, 2008, D. pindosensis Schimmel & Platia, 2008 was synonymized under D. raineri Wurst, 1997, and D. riesei Platia, 2010 was synonymized under D. vailatii Schimmel & Platia, 2008. For the first time, a male was described for D. florinensis Platia, 2012, and females for D. neumanni Platia, 2013, D. olympica Meschnigg, 1934, and D. schimmeli Platia & Gudenzi, 2009. Dima dalmatina Küster, 1844 was recorded for the first time from Bosnia and Herzegovina, D. elateroides Charpentier, 1825 from Bulgaria and Macedonia, D. florinensis from Macedonia, and D. raineri Wurst, 1997 from Albania. For each species we provided bibliography and information on the type depositories, diagnosis, intraspecific variability and distribution, and figured the main diagnostic morphological characters. Due to the generally uniform morphology within the genus and great intraspecific variability in most diagnostic characters we were unable to construct a reliable identification key for the Dima species in the Balkan Peninsula. Our study revealed that Dima is a more speciose genus than expected and that more species may be discovered in the near future, even in Europe. 

scholarly journals Strategy and slaughter

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
American Liberalism ◽  
The One ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Military ◽  
Modern War

Colin Gray's ‘Clausewitz Rules, OK’ was the one contribution to the Interregnum special issue of this Review that engaged the problem of modern war in general. Issues of war and peace were represented only patchily in a volume aiming to reflect on the ‘post-Cold War’ decade, but put together before ‘9/11’ brought it to an abrupt end. The Balkans didn't play a large part in William Wallace's account of Europe; unstable Asian great-power rivalries and local wars, which could make Rosemary Foot and Andrew Walter's ‘Pacific Century’ anything but pacific were barely noted; while Caroline Thomas wrote about the Third World without mentioning Africa's wars. The Middle East, Rwanda and genocide were not covered. Bruce Cumings' wise reflections on the military bases of American liberalism, a brief discussion of the ‘new interventionism’ by Geoffrey Hawthorn, and dutiful mentions of Kosovo across the chapters, hardly compensated for these omissions.

New records of Cochylini moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the Balkans

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5082 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-456
Author(s):  
YURIY BUDASHKIN ◽  
IGNÁC RICHTER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
New Records ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The North ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

In the course of expeditions conducted on the Balkan Peninsula by Ignác Richter in 2004–2019, altogether 45 species of Cochylini moths were collected. The examination of the collected specimens revealed one new species of the genus Aethes: Aethes larissae sp. nov., from the North Macedonia. Additionally, a new subspecies, Aethes kindermanniana macedonica ssp. nov. is described from the North Macedonia too. Phtheochroa amasiana (Ragonot, 1894) and Cochylimorpha erlebachi Huemer & Trematerra, 1997 are recorded from the Balkans for the first time. A male of Aethes eichleri Razowski, 1983 is collected for the first time, and DNA barcoding data of this species was obtained. We established a new synonymy: Aethes eichleri Razowski, 1983 syn. nov. of Aethes francillana (Fabricius, 1794). Illustrations of specimens and photographs of the genitalia of all described taxa are provided.  

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