scholarly journals Kabbalah and Philosophy in the Early Works of Salomon Maimon

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-361
Author(s):  
Uri Gershowitz
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Literary Heritage

Until recent times, the collection of Salomon Maimons early works written in Hebrew, Hesheq Shelomo , was not included into the scientific circulation. An article of professor Gideon Freudenthal on the formation of the young Maimon, filled this lacuna, proving the importance of the analysis of philosophers early works for the comprehension of his literary heritage in general. Freudenthal had studied and published Maimons introduction to Hesheq Shelomo , and then one of the collections treatises, Maаse Livnat ha-Sаppir , consecrated to the ideas and notions of kabbalah (published at the end of 2019). In his analysis Freudenthal had focused on Maimons rational interpretation of kabbalah. The present article represents an attempt to expand Freudenthals research, adding an analysis of another aspect of young Maimons thought. We will try to show that kabbalah, generally understood by early Maimon as ancient Jewish knowledge, had, according to the thinker, to complete philosophy and mitigate arising in it problems. In his early works Maimon was not only criticizing widely occurring profane kabbalah, but also Maimonides philosophy. According to Maimon, it is not possible to understand the true kabbalah without philosophy, but philosophical knowledge is not complete and often erroneous without kabbalah: the true kabbalah rectifies and adjusts it. The critic of Aristotelianism and its derivate, proposed by Maimon in his early works (probably under the influence of Hasdai Crescas), can add clarity to the understanding of the development of his philosophical thought in the late period.

scholarly journals Some aspects of the authorship of the treatise “Xiao Jing”

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279-1300
Author(s):  
Anastasia Yu. Blazhkina
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Confucian Tradition ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
High Significance ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Additional Information

The article deals with the authorship of the Confucian treatise Xiao Jing (“The Classic of Filial Piety”). Xiao Jing is one of the classical treatises that constitutes a part of the Confucian corpus Shisan Jing (“The Thirteen Classics”). This confirms the importance and high significance of this text for the traditional philosophical thought of China. The earliest mention of the title “Xiao Jing” was recorded in the work from the 3rd century BC, Lu shi chun qiu (“Spring and Autumn of Mr Liu”), which indicates the terminus ante quem non for the treatise Xiao Jing. According to some Russian scholars, the treatise Xiao Jing was compiled in the IV-II centuries BC. The Chinese scholarship acknowledges eight main versions of authorship, and therefore dating of Xiao Jing. The author stresses the importance to establish the authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise since this can be a piece of additional information for a comprehensive understanding of the philosophical heritage of the Confucian tradition of this text. After presenting an outline of the main versions of authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise, the author states that this issue can hardly be solved unambiguously. Therefore, this article can be considered as a preliminary essay for further research. The appendix offers a complete Russian translation of the Xiao Jing made by the author of the present article.

St Aldhelm's bees (De uirginitate prosa cc. IV-VI): some observations on a literary tradition

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Casiday
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Broad View ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
The Relationship

Although the classic comparison of monks to bees owes its enduring success chiefly to the Vita S. Antonii, one of the most interesting developments of that simile is found in the prose treatise De uirginitate by Aldhelm of Malmesbury. In his writings, Aldhelm demonstrates familiarity with most of the conventional similes – monks are like bees in their industry, their intelligence, their chastity, and so on – but he also insists that monks are like bees in their ‘voluntary solidarity’ and obedience to leadership. This is a novel claim, one that I will argue Aldhelm makes by introducing a theme known from other Christian (and pagan) literature into his advice to nuns. The present article will describe the traditions incorporated by Aldhelm into his claim that monks, like bees, are obedient to a fault. In this way, this article will offer a broad view of the literary heritage to which Aldhelm's treatise belongs and in which it should be interpreted. This will entail an assessment of which sources Aldhelm likely knew. While this assessment is indebted to the excellent notes by Rudolf Ehwald (as indeed all scholarship subsequent to Ehwald must be),it will not be bound by Ehwald's conclusions. In some instances, I will posit sources not mentioned by, and perhaps not detected by, Ehwald; in others, I will with trepidation suggest refinements to Ehwald's work. It is hoped that on these grounds the article will be useful to students both of late antique monasticism and of Anglo-Saxon England. Since this is the goal of the article, it will be convenient to begin each section with an excerpt from Aldhelm and follow it with the relevant antecedents; each section will then be concluded with a return to Aldhelm; this will allow us to appreciate the distinctiveness of Aldhelm's contribution. The article itself will be concluded with an overview of the comparisons and of the relationship between the earlier writings and Aldhelm's.

scholarly journals Schelling y la metafísca de la voluntad

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Pérez-Borbujo Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Pensamiento Filosofico ◽  
Short Walk

ResumenEn el presente artículo haremos un breve recorrido por la historia de la metafísica del siglo XIX, partiendo del giro que se produce en la concepción del ser en el pensamiento de Schelling, más concretamente, en su ensayo sobre la libertad (1809). Schelling aparece como el fundador de la nueva metafísica, una metafísica que entiende el ser como voluntad, concepción que subyace al pensamiento de Schopenhauer y Nietzsche. Redescubrir la filosofía de Schelling como la fuente inspiradora de cierto pensamiento filosófico más allá de la figura imponente de Hegel nos permitirá enriquecer nuestra visión de la historia del pensamiento filosófico del XIX.Palabras claveIdealismo alemán, Historia de la Filosofía, Metafísica, Voluntad, siglo XIXAbstractIn the present article we’ll go on a very short walk through the history of metaphysics during 19th century, setting off at the «turn» in the concept of being that took place in Schelling’s thought, more concretely in his essays on liberty (1809). Schelling appears to us as the founder of a new metaphysics, one in which being is understood as will, concept which underlies Schopenhauer’s and Nietzsche’s thought. Rediscovering Schelling’s philosophy as the source of inspiration for these thinkers, beyond the impressive figure of Hegel, will allow us to enrich our vision of history of philosophical thought during 19th century.Key wordsGerman Idealism, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics, Will, 19th century

“My people seem to be falling to bits”

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lies Xhonneux
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Samuel Beckett ◽  
The Body ◽  
Center Stage ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Identity Crises ◽  
The Mind

Samuel Beckett is often counted among Rebecca Brown’s literary forebears, yet critics have done little to explain exactly how this inspiration works. The present article attempts to fill part of this gap through a focus on two elements that are prominent in the writings of Brown and Beckett: representations of the mind and the body. Both authors use decaying bodies to represent a loss of identity, but Brown adds creatively to Beckett’s literary heritage by putting non-heteronormative sexuality center stage. Lesbianism causes the identity crises of Brown’s protagonists, while it also shifts the existential ignorance of Beckettian heroes to more of a social ignorance for Brown. Obviously, not all minds and bodies are confused and broken for the same reasons.

The aspects of study of the onomastics in A. Platonov’s works

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Н.Б. Бугакова
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Image Creation

А. Платонов - известный русский писатель XX века, родившийся в Воронеже и проживший достаточно сложную жизнь, что не могло не отразиться на произведениях, создаваемых им. Особое внимание среди всего литературного наследия, оставленного А. Платоновым и изучаемого в разных аспектах (сюда входит проза, драматургия, публицистика и т.д.), привлекает специфика введения автором ономастических единиц разных разрядов. Имя собственное - это та лексическая единица, с употреблением которой мы сталкиваемся ежедневно в процессе использования языка для номинации людей, животных, стран, рек, поселений и т.д. Присущее именам собственным разнообразие как функциональное, так и языковое, привело к возникновению ономастики - науки, которая занимается рассмотрением имен собственных, названий и т.п. Полагаем, что имя собственное - это особый художественный элемент, не существующий в тексте самостоятельно и всегда взаимосвязанный с другими элементами текста, поскольку это необходимо автору для создания художественного образа. Анализ взаимодействия всех этих систем позволяет точнее понять замысел автора и цель введения в текст той или иной ономастической единицы. Очевидно, что введение автором в произведение конкретных ономастических единиц всегда не случайно, подобный выбор всегда обусловлен ассоциациями автора, связанными с тем или иным именем. В данном исследовании предпринята попытка провести анализ существующих в современной науке работ по исследованию особенностей функционирования ономастических единиц в творчестве А. Платонова. Рассмотренные нами работы масштабны, но исследование ономастических единиц в произведениях А. Платонова не теряет своей актуальности в связи с тем, что системные труды в данной области отсутствуют. A. Platonov is a famous Russian writer of the 20 century who was born in Voronezh and had a long and complicated biography reflected in his works. Platonov’s literary heritage which includes prose, plays, features etc. is studied in various aspects but special attention must be paid to the specificity of the author’s usage of proper names from different groups. A proper name is a lexical unit which is regularly used in the process of language nomination of people, animals, countries, rivers, settlements etc. The variety of proper names, both functional and lingual, lead to the foundation of onomastics as a science to study such lexical units. We think that proper names are special artistic elements which do not exist in the text by themselves as they are always connected with other text elements being necessary for the image creation. The analysis of the interaction of all these systems leads to the better understanding of the author’s ideas and the purpose of usage of a certain onym which never happens by chance but is always based on the author’s associations with the name. In the present article we try to analyze a set of contemporary scientific works devoted to the functioning of onomastic units in A. Platonov’s prose. The analyzed works are quite serious but the research of onomastic units in A. Platonov’s creativity is still relevant because of the absence of systematic studies in this sphere.

The German Post-Critical Belief Scale: Internal and External Validity

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Duriez ◽  
Claudia Appel ◽  
Dirk Hutsebaut
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Present Article ◽  
External Validity ◽  
German Version ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Internal And External Validity

Abstract: Recently, Duriez, Fontaine and Hutsebaut (2000) and Fontaine, Duriez, Luyten and Hutsebaut (2003) constructed the Post-Critical Belief Scale in order to measure the two religiosity dimensions along which Wulff (1991 , 1997 ) summarized the various possible approaches to religion: Exclusion vs. Inclusion of Transcendence and Literal vs. Symbolic. In the present article, the German version of this scale is presented. Results obtained in a heterogeneous German sample (N = 216) suggest that the internal structure of the German version fits the internal structure of the original Dutch version. Moreover, the observed relation between the Literal vs. Symbolic dimension and racism, which was in line with previous studies ( Duriez, in press ), supports the external validity of the German version.

Is the Rorschach of Psychopaths the Same on Both Sides of the Atlantic?

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Husain
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Analyse Statistique ◽  
Mécanismes De Défense

Le présent article tente d’effectuer un rapprochement entre un article européen de Rossel et Merceron et un livre américain de Reid Meloy, tous deux consacrés à l’analyse des organisations psychopathiques. Si tous les auteurs s’entendent sur l’économie narcissique du psychopathe, le choix de la population d’étude diffère quelque peu, en raison de l’approche structurale des premiers et de l’approche symptomatique du second. Tandis que l’étude suisse ne retient que des psychopathes du registre des états-limites, l’étude américaine inclut également des psychopathes de niveau psychotique. Par contre, la mésentente règne au niveau des outils d’analyse du discours psychopathique: analyse statistique et échelles validées chez Meloy; approche qualitative chez Rossel et Merceron. Aux premiers, l’on reprochera un certain réductionisme et appauvrissement du discours, prix à payer pour le respect de la standardisation et de la cotation. Aux seconds, l’on reprochera l’absence de toute quantification qui pose problème lorsque l’on aborde la question de la validité des données. Néanmoins, Européens et Américains s’entendent sur la notion d’un fonctionnement psychopathique. La relation d’objet est marquée par la pulsion agressive et ses dérivatifs, par la recherche de pouvoir et de contrôle. La lutte contre la dépendance est déduite chez Meloy de l’absence de réponse de texture et chez Rossel et Merceron de l’absence de contenus de dépendance. La qualité narcissique des représentations d’objet est mise en évidence, chez Meloy, par le biais de l’investissement du paraître, chez Rossel et Merceron par l’importance du processus d’externalisation. La dévalorisation des objets est aussi décrite. Ni les uns ni les autres ne font réellement référence à l’angoisse car cette angoisse qualifiable d’anaclitique s’exprime justement sous des manifestations tout à fait opposées. Le vide intérieur est déduit, chez Meloy, à partir de l’ennui que vit le psychopathe et, chez Rossel et Merceron, à partir de la survalorisation de la référence au réel. Une grande convergence existe entre les deux écrits au sujet des mécanismes de défense. Tous les auteurs s’accordent sur la prépondérance du clivage et du déni, un déni par le mot et l’acte chez Meloy, un déni hypomaniaque chez Rossel et Merceron. De part et d’autre de l’Atlantique, on s’accorde également pour attribuer une place importante à l’identification projective et à l’identification à l’agresseur. Par ailleurs, Rossel et Merceron démontrent comment à travers les caractéristiques de l’énonciation et les nuances de la verbalisation du psychopathe, il est possible d’inférer son non-investissement de la mentalisation et du savoir au profit d’un surinvestissement de l’agir. La complémentarité, voire la similarité, des commentaires dans les deux ouvrages devrait réconforter certains cliniciens, désarmés devant le fossé qui semble parfois régner entre la littérature des deux continents et confirmer, qu’indépendamment du type de méthodologie et de validation choisi, l’observation clinique du psychologue expérimenté demeure la pierre angulaire de toute recherche en psychopathologie.

The Legacy of the Outstanding Economist (The Centenary of Maurice Allais)

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
A. Belyanin ◽  
I. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Contemporary Science

The paper is devoted to Maurice Allais, the Nobel prize winner and one of the most original and deep-thinking economist whose centenary is celebrated this year. The authors describe his contributions to economics, and his place in contemporary science - economics and physics, as well as his personality and philosophy. Scientific works by Allais, albeit translated into Russian, still remain little known. The present article aims to fill this gap and to pay tribute to this outstanding intellectual and academic, who deceased last year, aged 99.

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