Quinalphos induced histopathological changes in the gill, liver and kidney of the freshwater fish, labeo rohita

Author(s):  
JUGINU M.S ◽  
SUJILA T.
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-286
Author(s):  
A. S. Deshpande ◽  
S. B. Zade ◽  
S. R. Sitre

The hazardous effect of water pollution on the histopathology of selected organs of the freshwater fish Labeo rohita was studied with respect to thermal power plant effluent. The purpose of this research paper is to study whether the thermal plume can affect fish assemblages in the waters around the outlet area of the thermal power plant located at Koradi near Nagpur city. Both experimental and control fishes were monitored for a year from March 2010 to Feb. 2011. Histopathology serve as a tool to assess the extent of damage caused to the organism.Gill tissue showed fusion of primary lamellae, congestion of blood vessels and hyperplasia of bronchial plates. The histopathological changes in the gill tissue include epithelial hyperplasia, curling of secondary lamellae and changes in chloride cells. Besides these changes pyknotic nuclei, vacuolization, degradation of epithelial and pillar cells, were noticed, which point out towards deleterious effect of thermal power plant effluent on the freshwater fish L. rohita.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Siti Muyassaroh ◽  
Indah Rahmatiah Siti Salami

AbstrakSianida telah digunakan sebagai senyawa toksik selama beberapa dekade untuk penangkapan ikan. Pengetahuan para nelayan yang rendah dapat menyebabkan kelebihan dosis penggunaan senyawa sianida. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kematian ikan dan bahkan kerusakan terumbu karang. Sodium sianida tidak bersifat bioakumulasi dan biomagnifikasi berdasarkan nilai Kow-nya dan sebagian besar metabolit dikeluarkan melalui urin dalam bentuk thiosianat, SCN- (60-80%), 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) atau 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, ITCA (15%), serta gas HCN dan CO2. Biomarker organisme yang terpapar sianida yaitu kandungan CN-, SCN-,ATCA atau ITCA pada urin dan darah; perubahan histopatologis di limpa, hepato-renal dan ginjal; penurunan aktivitas enzim katalase pada jaringan hati, insang, otak, dan otot ikan; perubahan aktivitas laktat dehydrogenase (LDH) dan suksinat dehydrogenase (SDH), tingkah laku, laju respirasi, dan metabolit (asam piruvat dan asam laktat). Akan tetapi, aktivitas enzim dan struktur histopatologis kembali normal setelah pemulihan selama 14 hari di medium bebas NaCN. Paparan NaCN juga dapat menyebabkan perubahan kecepatan renang dan durasi surfacing behavior. Konsentrasi sianida di lingkungan tidak bisa diabaikan, sebab dimungkinkan adanya efek sinergis dan juga penghambatan sistem enzim katalase, yang pada akhirnya terjadi kerentanan organisme akuatik terhadap toksisitas sianida. Labeo rohita merupakan spesies ikan air tawar yang paling sensitif terhadap paparan NaCN, dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 0,32 mg/L (tanpa melihat jenis aliran yang digunakan).AbstractCyanide has been used as a toxic compound for decades for fishing. Lack of knowledge of fishermen can lead to overdosing use of a compound. This can lead to fish kills and even damage the coral reefs. Sodium cyanide is not bioaccumulative and biomagnificative based on the value of Kow and most metabolites are excreted in the urine in the form of SCN- (60-80%), 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, ATCA or 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, ITCA (15%), as well as HCN gas and CO2. Biomarkers organisms are exposed cyanide content of CN-, SCN-, ATCA or ITCA on urine and blood; histopathological changes in spleen, hepato-renal and kidney; decreased activity of catalase enzyme in the liver, gills, brain, and muscles of fish; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity changes, behavioral, respiratory rate, and metabolites (pyruvic acid and lactic acid). However, the enzyme activity and histopathological structure back to normal after recovery for 14 days at NaCN-free medium. NaCN exposure can also cause changes in swimming speed and duration of surfacing behavior. The concentration of cyanide in the environment can not be ignored, because it is possible the existence of a synergistic effect and also the inhibition of catalase enzyme system, which eventually happened vulnerability of aquatic organisms to cyanide toxicity. Labeo rohita is a freshwater fish species are most sensitive to exposure to NaCN, with LC50 values of 0.32 mg / L (regardless of the type of flow used).


2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Afshar ◽  
AA Farshid ◽  
R Heidari ◽  
M Ilkhanipour

The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of fenitrothion (FNT) on the liver and kidney. The study was conducted on 8-week-old male Wistar rats that were divided into four groups (three experimental groups and one control group) and were treated orally with different doses (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) of FNT for 28 consecutive days. After treatment, the rats were anesthetized with ether and liver and kidney samples were taken for histological studies. The results showed that the histopathological changes in the liver were mainly represented by parenchymatous degeneration of hepatocytes with mild necrosis, leukocytic infiltration in the portal area, severe congestion, and hemorrhage. These changes were dose dependent. Marked tubular dilation, hydropic degeneration in tubular epithelium, moderate congestion, and hemorrhage in the cortical and medulla part of the kidney were recorded. Histopathologic examination of the liver and kidney indicated a significant injury only in rats receiving 100 mg/kg FNT.


Phytomedicine ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Akbarsha ◽  
S. Vijendrakumar ◽  
B. Kadalmani ◽  
R. Girija ◽  
A. Faridha

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Animesh K. Mohapatra ◽  
Deepika Rai ◽  
Anika Tyagi

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide on the DNA and histomorphology of testis, liver and kidney of Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus. Oral administration of arsenic trioxide induced DNA damage in the testis, liver and kidney marked by light pink staining of nuclei after Feulgen’s reaction with reduced fine chromatin. Simultaneously severe histological changes were noted like distortion of seminiferous tubules, disorganization of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids with cytoplasmic vacuolization and nuclear pycnosis in testis. There was almost disappearance of sinusoids due to disruption of hepatic plates, inflammatory cellular infiltration around central veins and cytoplasmic vacuolization in hepatocytes with large irregular nuclei in liver of treated mice. Disorganized glomeruli with distorted Bowman’s capsules and mild to severe multifocal cloudy and hydropic degeneration with necrosis of tubules were observed in the kidney of treated mice. Inference drawn from the study indicated that arsenic induced both genotoxic histotoxic lesions.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document