scholarly journals DO CORPO-TERRITÓRIO AO TERRITÓRIO-CORPO (DA TERRA): CONTRIBUIÇÕES DECOLONIAIS

GEOgraphia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Haesbaert

Resumo: Este artigo aborda a questão do território numa perspectiva latino-americana, analisando as principais contribuições a este debate a partir do pensamento decolonial, especialmente a relação entre corpo e território, tanto no sentido do corpo como território quanto do território/terra como corpo, especialmente na ótica dos povos originários e da visão feminista.Palavras chave: Corpo-território, território-corpo-terra, pensamento decolonial FROM BODY-TERRITORY TO TERRITORY BODY OF THE EARTH: DECOLONIALAbstract:This article addresses the issue of territory from a Latin American perspective, analyzing the main contributions to this debate from the perspective of decolonial thinking, especially the relationship between body and territory, both in the sense of the body as territory and of the territory / earth as body, especially from the perspective of indigenous peoples and the feminist view.Keywords: Body-territory, body-earth-territory, decolonial thinking. DEL CUERPO-TERRITORIO AL TERRITORIO-CUERPO (DE LA TIERRA): CONTRIBUCIONES DECOLONIALESResumen:Este artículo aborda el tema del territorio desde una perspectiva latinoamericana, analizando las principales contribuciones a este debate desde la aproximación del pensamiento decolonial, especialmente a partir de la relación entre el cuerpo y el territorio, tanto en el sentido del cuerpo como territorio como del territorio / tierra como cuerpo, especialmente desde la perspectiva de los pueblos indígenas y la visión feminista.Palabras-llave: Cuerpo-territorio, territorio-cuerpo-tierra, pensamiento decolonial. 

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-456
Author(s):  
María Julia Ochoa Jiménez

Abstract:In Latin America, conflict-of-law norms have not appropriately considered the cultural diversity that exists in their legal systems. However, developments towards the recognition of Indigenous peoples’ human rights, at the international and national levels, impose the task of considering such diversity. In that regard, within the conflict-of-law realm, interpersonal law offers a useful perspective. This article proposes a conflict-of-law rule that can contribute to clarity and legal certainty, offering a sound way of dealing at the national level with Indigenous peoples’ claims for restitution of property with a cultural value for them, which is framed in international instruments on human rights.


Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Piscopo ◽  
Kristin N. Wylie

Women, indigenous peoples, and Afro-descendant populations remain underrepresented in the national legislatures of Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking Latin America. The descriptive (or numeric) representation of marginalized groups in national legislatures matters because legislatures make policy, check the president’s authority, and communicate who has full membership in the body politic. The inclusion of women, indigenous peoples, and Afro-descendants in legislatures sends information about the overall depth and quality of the democratic regime. Most legislatures have become more representative of women, primarily due to affirmative action measures designed to raise descriptive representation. As of October 15, 2019, every Latin American country except Guatemala and Venezuela had a statutory quota law for women candidates, resulting in women holding nearly 30% of seats in the region’s legislatures. However, such gains have not come without costs, including rising violence against women candidates and elected officials. Bolivia, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela also use affirmative action to incorporate indigenous peoples into the national legislature, using reserved seats. However, reserved seats typically elect lower proportions of indigenous peoples relative to their population percentage. Afro-descendants face more barriers, as they must largely win legislative elections without the benefit of affirmative action. Afro-descendants remain excluded from formal politics even in Brazil, where the majority of the population self-identifies as black or brown. Indigenous and Afro-descendant women face barriers that emerge from both their gender and their race/ethnicity.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Z. Zakaria

Ritual of badong is held in funeral ceremony of rambu solo in traditional belief of aluk to dolo/alukta in Toraja’s society, it was song and dance without music, and symbolic, verse of badong shown religious values of aluk to dolo/alukta. In data analysis, the study used descriptive qualitative and cosmology perspective in approaching the analysis. The aim of this study is want to know the relationship between being of universe and religious spirit of aluk to dolo/alukta which is stated in verse of badong in cosmology perspective. The result of the study is to find out the relationship between religious spirit of aluk to dolo/alukta in verse of badong and the space and time in orderliness of cosmos. They believed that after the death process, souls of the body will have a journey to reach a new place named puya, and the meaning of the death in belief of aluk to dolo/alukta is a way or transform the souls of the body from old world to the new world, puya is a village of soul of to dolo/tomembali puang (ancestors) authorized by Pong Lalondong, and puya in cosmology perspective was being at the west point of the earth.


2018 ◽  
pp. 150-180
Author(s):  
William R. Newman

This chapter focuses on Newton's treatise, Of Natures obvious laws & processes in vegetation. The treatise begins with a detailed consideration of the similarities and differences between mineral generation and that of animals and vegetables, then passes to a quite original theory of the different methods by which nature produces two common products, sea salt and niter, incidentally invoking the aerial niter theory of Sendivogius. After this, Newton presents his view that the earth is itself a living creature and uses its respiration to account for gravity, leading him into an intricate discussion of different “airs” as well as the relationship of even more subtle materials, namely, ether and the “body” of light. From here he launches into a discussion of God and attempts to improve on the proofs that René Descartes had supplied for the existence of the divinity. In the final paragraphs of the text, Newton returns to the theme of generation and employs the principle of vegetability to distinguish between the growth and activity imparted by nature from the more superficial processes of mechanism.


Author(s):  
Dorota Ostrowska

This chapter focuses on the representation of the dynamics of the body in flight in selected Polish films from the period of state socialism including The Case of Pilot Maresz, Against Gods, To Destroy the Pirate and On the Earth and in the Sky. The discussion centers on the idea of ‘socialist aerial bodies’, which is informed by Paul Virilio's reflection about the relationship between the body and technologies developed for the most part during the Cold War, which coincided with the period of state socialism in Poland. Virilio’s arguments are not nuanced in the way that reflects the differences in the impact that war technologies, such as flying, might have had in the socialist context as opposed to the non-socialist one with which he was much more familiar. This chapter is an attempt to fill this gap in Virilio's reflection on the aerial body by discussing the development of a specific representation of the body, referred to here as a ‘socialist aerial body’, which is impacted not only by the advancements in the technologies of flying, but also by ideological concerns - some of them unique to the socialist context.


Author(s):  
Bonar L. Hernández Sandoval

This chapter provides an overview of the historiography of monasticism in late colonial and modern-day Latin America. Current scholarship focuses on three main areas: the effects of secularization on the economic and spiritual life of monastic orders; the appearance of new monastic sensibilities and definitions of what it means to be a monk and a nun in a postcolonial setting; and the symbiotic relationship between monasticism and Latin American societies. The chapter concludes by suggesting future areas of research, in the process calling for more attention to the relationship between monastics and indigenous peoples, as well as to the transnational links between monastic orders in Latin America, other parts of the Global South, and Western societies.


2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Guillermo Williamson

Knowledge deemed worthy of classification as ‘truth’ is not produced only in classic positivist research, or research recognised by the official state accreditation system, it is also produced by research–action, research + development, experimentation and systematisation. One of the most basic aspects of academic work is epistemological reflection on the justification of the research field and the method by which the hidden meaning of reality is discovered. This paper expresses interculturality polyphonically from the Latin American perspective; from the hopes shared with indigenous peoples and the poor; with social, religious and political activists and committed intellectuals; people who act and think honestly. A transversal theme of this text is the nature and condition of the academic reflection on interculturality carried out in universities, in supposedly intercultural contexts. The discussion here is based on educational development projects, research and the author’s own experience of government and university management actions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (299) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Lucchetti Bingemer

Síntese: Nossa proposta neste texto é fazer uma leitura da obra de Teilhard de Chardin a partir da América Latina e, nela, de uma situação bem concreta: o consumismo, característica da pós-modernidade, que se instalou aqui em nosso continente. Nossa premissa é que a fúria consumista em um continente marcado pela pobreza dissociou ser humano e cosmos, homem, mulher e natureza, criando uma falta de sensibilidade para os sentidos humanos, que chega a ser extremamente nociva ao próprio ser humano: torna-o sempre mais insensível àquilo que está à sua volta, seja a pobreza que padecem tantos, seja a negligência em relação ao Cosmos e à Terra, pondo em risco a vida e o futuro do planeta onde todos vivem. Em seguida, examinaremos a mística bíblica como mística de comunhão com o universo, de sintonia com o criado, incluindo e colocando em comunicação ser humano e mundo, de maneira a que juntos reflitam a face do Criador. Procuraremos, a seguir, ver como Teilhard se inscreve nessa mística de comunhão com o universo de maneira radical e profunda, fazendo com que a mesma passe a constituir o cerne de sua esplêndida espiritualidade. Finalmente, examinaremos alguns textos seletos de Teilhard, a fim de encontrarmos neles a inspiração para a teologia que hoje se faz em nosso continente. Embora Teilhard não tenha sido alguém com grande preocupação pelos pobres e embora estes não ocupem parte importante em seu pensamento e discurso, não se pode ignorar que seu pensamento sobre o cosmos e a natureza são uma contribuição preciosa para toda a reflexão teológica sobre a ecologia, que hoje se realiza no mundo inteiro, inclusive e de maneira forte e insistente, no continente latino-americano.Palavas-chave: Theilhard de Chardin. Espiritualidade. Consumismo. Ecologia. Pobres.Abstract: Our objective in this text is to do a reading of Teilhard de Chardin’s work from a Latin American perspective and, within this perspective, focus on a very concrete situation: consumerism, a characteristic of the post-modernity that settled here in our continent. Our assumption is that the consumerist fury in a continent marked by poverty dissociated the human being and the cosmos, man, woman and nature, creating a lack of sensitivity to the human senses that becomes extremely harmful for the human beings themselves. It makes them more insensitive to whatever is around them, be it the poverty that is the source of suffering for so many, be it the negligence towards the Cosmos and the Earth, a negligence that endangers the life and the future of the planet where we all live. Next, we will examine the Biblical mystique as a mystique of communion with the universe, of being in tune with the creation, including and fostering the communication between the human being and the world, in such a way that, together, they reflect the face of the Creator. We will then try to see how Teilhard inserts himself in this mystique of communion with the universe in a radical and deep way, so that this mystique becomes the core of his splendid spirituality. Finally, we will look at a few selected texts by Teilhard in order to find in them the inspiration for the theology practiced today in our continent. Although Teilhard may not have been someone particularly concerned with the poor and although they are not an important part of his thought and discourse, we cannot ignore that his ideas about the Cosmos and nature are a valuable contribution to the entire theological reflection on ecology that is being carried out worldwide, including, in a very strong and insistent way, in the Latin-American continent.Keyword: Theilhard de Chardin. Spirituality. Consumerism. Ecology. Poor.


Author(s):  
William Lowrie

Seismology is the most powerful geophysical tool for understanding the structure of the Earth. It is concerned with how the Earth vibrates. Physically, seismic behaviour depends on the relationship between stress and strain in the Earth. ‘Seismology and the Earth’s internal structure’ explains compressional and shear elastic deformation and the four types of seismic waves caused by earthquakes: P-waves and S-waves that travel through the body of the Earth, and Rayleigh and Love waves that spread out at and near the Earth’s surface. It describes the reflection, refraction, and diffraction of body waves and how their observation and measurement by seismometers can be used to understand the internal structure of core, mantle, and crust.


2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (267) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Francisco Taborda

Em perspectiva latino-americana, o autor aborda o tema das relações entre matrimônio e gênero. A partir do axioma: lex orandi – lex credendi, descreve o matrimônio na prática habitual latino-americana, com destaque para dois aspectos: o rito do enlace matrimonial e a vida matrimonial. Pergunta, como, neles, se espelha a relação de gênero, e observa uma contradição entre o modo de praticar o rito e a experiência da vida conjugal e familiar de todo dia. Constata a presença de duas concepções que geram uma tensão entre a praxe cultural e as propostas do Evangelho, o que é normal, visto ser o matrimônio um dado da criação, antes de ser instituído um sacramento. O autor analisa também a liturgia do casamento aprovada pela CNBB e pergunta, se ela resolve ou não a tensão cultura X Evangelho. Sublinha, enfim, o desafio que essa tensão significa para o matrimônio cristão.Abstract: The author deals with the relationship between marriage and gender from a Latin-American perspective. Starting from the axiom: lex orandi-lex credendi, he describes marriage as it is usually practiced in LatinAmerica, emphasizing two of its major aspects: the matrimonial rite and married life. Asking how gender relations influence these two aspects of marriage, he notices a contradiction between the way the rite is practiced and the every day experience of married and family life. He also notices the presence of two concepts that produce some tension between the cultural praxis and the Gospel’s proposals and sees this as a normal occurrence since, before being instituted as a sacrament, marriage was already a datum of the Creation. The author analyses the matrimonial liturgy sanctioned by the National Conference of Brazilian Bishops and wonders whether or not it solves the tension “culture versus Gospel”. Finally he stresses how this tension has become a challenge for the Christian marriage.


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