scholarly journals Kandungan Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Daun Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg sebagai Kandidat Obat Antidiabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Megawati Megawati ◽  
Sofa Fajriah ◽  
Edi Supriadi ◽  
Galuh Widiyarti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ic50 Value

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the non communicable diseases (NCDs) with the largest number of deaths in the world. The Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg is a source of phenolic compounds. Phenolic is grouped as polyphenols group that widely functioned as antidiabetic. The α-glucosidase enzyme plays a role in the forming of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The α-glucosidase enzyme can be used for antidiabetic activity assay because of its capability on breaking down carbohydrate into glucose in the human small intestine. This study aimed to determine phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antidiabetic activity of M. hispida leaves extract and its fraction. The extract and fraction were tested for the phenolic levels using Folin-Ciocalteau method, the total flavonoid using alumunium chloride method, and the antidiabetic activity using α-glukosidase method. The yield of methanolic extract of the Macaranga hispida was 10.23%. Phenolic content of the ethyl acetate fraction from the methanolic extract was 8.411 mg, equivalent to gallic acid/100 mg extract. Total flavonoid content was 6.14 ± 0.31b/b μg/mL. Antidiabetic activity assay of the extract and the fractions of Macaranga hispida resulted the highest antidiabetic activity (IC50) was in the ethyl acetate fraction with IC50 value 21.91 μg / mL.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic and Phytochemical Screening of Dried Ficus carica Linn Fruit Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Different Types

Ficus carica L. or the common name is red figs that belong to the Moraceae family or the Mulberry family. Every part of the fruit or the tree has been able to treat different types of common diseases, for example, it is used as a natural laxative or a supplementary food for diabetes. Thus, this research uses four different solvents, ethyl acetate, ethanol, hexane, and water, to obtain the respective crude extracts in order to investigate the anti-diabetic properties by determining the inhibition of the activity of the diabetic enzymes, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase; and the DPPH assay determines the antioxidant activity while qualitative phytochemical screening was for phenols, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids; total quantitative phenolic and total flavonoid content was done. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of the compounds tested in different types of crude extracts. For the total phenolic content, ethyl acetate extract exhibits the highest content. In contrast, hexane extract shows the highest total flavonoid content. For the DPPH assay, ethyl acetate extract has the highest scavenging activity at 13.351 µg/mL with corresponding with the data of total phenolic content. For the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, water extract has the lowest IC50 value among the four extracts but higher value than the standard. For α-amylase inhibitory activity, only ethanol extract showed the IC50 value, but it was a high value. In conclusion, there is potential for figs to be a natural source of medicine, and the extracts tested can be used for future studies.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Fenolik Total Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azimatur Rahmi ◽  
Tika Afriani ◽  
Linda Hevira ◽  
Wike Widiawati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value

The aim of this study is to investigate antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethyl acetate fraction of Sembung leaves. Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.) is a plant that has the potential as an antioxidant because it contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic compounds. In this study, antioxidant activity was tested by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for free radical scavenging activity assay. Evaluation of total phenolic content was tested by using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Sembung leaves possess showed medium antioxidant activity with IC50 valueof 221.821 compare with reference standard ascorbic acid with IC50 value 68.25 ppm. The ethyl acetate fraction of Sembung leaves has a total phenolic content of 161.101 mg GAE/g. This study provided that Blumea balsamifera leaves possess antioxidant.

scholarly journals Microscopic Identification and Determination of Total Flavonoid Content of Moringa Leaves Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction (Moringa oleifera L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Annisa Fatmawati ◽  
Depita Sucianingsih ◽  
Riza Kurniawati ◽  
Muhammad Abdurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Microscopic Identification

This research was conducted to identify simplicia microscopically, phytochemical screening and determination of total flavonoid content of extract and ethyl acetate fraction from Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) leaves using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry method. The experimental design used in this study was to perform microscopic identification of Moringa leaf powder simplicia, make 96% and 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa leaves from 70% ethanol extract, then carry out phytochemical screening and determination of total flavonoid content with quercetin standards. Phytochemical screening on the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa leaves included tests for the content of flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids. The results of microscopic identification of Moringa leaf simplicia showed the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in the form of rosettes, mesophyll and stomata. The result of determination of total flavonoid content in 96% ethanol extract was 16.69 ± 0.74% (w/w), 70% ethanol extract was 10.84 ± 0.49% (w/w), Moringa leaf ethyl acetate fraction 14 .45 ± 0.90% (w/w). The highest total flavonoid content was found in the 96% ethanol extract of Moringa leaves in accordance with the 2017 Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, that the thick extract of Moringa leaves containing no less than 6.30% (w/w) total flavonoids was calculated as quercetin.

scholarly journals QUANTIFICATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT OF EXTRACTS OF TAGETES ERECTA FLOWERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhu N ◽  
Saxena J
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content

Objective: Tagetes erecta, marigold, has various ethnomedicinal uses. It has a wide variety of bioactive components such as polyphenols and flavonoids which show different bioactivities. The aim of the present study is to quantitatively estimate total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of different extracts of T. erecta flowers.Methods: Extraction was done by maceration process, sequentially from non-polar to polar. Chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of T. erecta flowers were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The extracts were analyzed for TPC and TFC using gallic acid and rutin as standard, respectively.Result: Phytochemical screening of different extracts showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenolics, fats, and oils. TPC and TFC in extracts of T. erecta varies with solvents. The study revealed that methanolic extract possesses the highest phenolic content, 49.76±0.29 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract, and also maximum flavonoid content, 13.43±0.43 mg RE/g extract, among the three extracts.Conclusion: Higher value of phenolics and flavonoid indicates higher antioxidant activity. The present study revealed that methanolic extract has the highest phenolic and flavonoid content. This indicates that the flowers may possess a good antioxidant property and further research could be carried out.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KORELASI ANTARA FLAVONOID TOTAL DENGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN GEDI HIJAU (Abelmoschus manihot L.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Josua A.T. Suoth ◽  
Sri Sudewi ◽  
Defny S. Wewengkang
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content

One chemichal component that is often reported to have pharmacological activity against treatment or prevention of disease is flavonoids which can be found in gedi hijau leaves. Staphylococcus aureus is the main cause of infection in humans which can cause various severe infections. This study aims to determine the total flavonoids content, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). To determine the correlation between total flavonoids and antibacterial activity of extract and fractions (Abelmoschus manihot L.), The method of this study was done by obtaining the results of total flavonoid content, testing the antibacterial activity by dilution using a positive control of ciprofloxacin. The results showed the highest total flavonoid content in ethyl acetate fraction, and the best antibacterial activity in ethyl acetate fraction. Correlation between total flavonoid content from extract and fraction (Abelmoschus manihot L.) with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on ethyl acetate fraction, n-hexane fraction, and ethanol extract at a concentration of 1000 µg / mL had good values with kneeling significance values according to 0.012 (p <0.05), 0.034 (p <0.05), and 0.023 (p <0.05) with total flavonoid content affecting how much antibacterial activity is 40% for ethyl acetate fraction, 35% fraction n -heksane and 33% ethanol extract. Keywords         : Antibacterial, Total Flavonoids, Staphylococcus aureus, Abelmoschus manihot L. ABSTRAK Salah satu komponen kimia yang sering dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas farmakologi terhadap pengobatan atau pencegahan penyakit adalah flavonoid yang dapat ditemukan pada daun gedi hijau. Staphylococcus aureus merupakan kuman penyebab utama infeksi pada manusia yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai infeksi berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kandungan flavonoid total, aktivitas antibakteri dan korelasi antara flavonoid total dengan aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi (Abelmoschus manihot L.). Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mendapatkan hasil kandungan flavonoid total, uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan cara dilusi menggunakan kontrol positif ciprofloxacin. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kandungan flavonoid total tertinggi pada fraksi etil asetat, dan aktivitas antibakteri paling bagus pada fraksi etil asetat. Korelasi antara kandungan flavonoid total dari ekstrak dan fraksi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) dengan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada fraksi etil asetat, fraksi n-heksane, dan ekstrak etanol pada konsentrasi 1000 µg/mL memiliki nilai yang baik baik dengan nilai signifikansi bertutut-turut 0,012 (p <0,05), 0,034  (p <0,05), dan 0,023 (p <0,05) dengan kandungan flavonoid total mempengaruhi seberapa besar aktivitas antibakteri yaitu 40% untuk fraksi etil asetat, 35% fraksi n-heksane dan 33% ekstrak etanol.Kata kunci          : Antibakteri, Flavonoid Total, Staphylococcus aureus, Abelmoschus manihot L.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Total Flavonoid Contents and Macrophage Phagocytosis Activity of Fractions From Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) Barks Ethanolic Extract In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Munawaroh ◽  
Siswadi Siswadi ◽  
Erna Prawita Setyowati ◽  
Retno Murwanti ◽  
Triana Hertiani
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Macrophage Phagocytosis ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity

On Timor island, Nusa Tenggara Timur, faloak barks (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) has been used empirically to restore stamina. Faloak bark ethanolic extract proved to have immunomodulatory activity in vitro, which can increase macrophage phagocytosis activity. This research aimed: (i) to determine the immunomodulatory active fraction of faloak bark ethanolic extract, (ii) to determine the total flavonoid contents of faloak extract and fractions, and (iii) to evaluate the correlation of the total flavonoid contents of those extract and fractions with their macrophage phagocytosis activity. The simplisia powder is macerated with 96% ethanol. The extract was dissolved in methanol:water (9:1v/v) was then subsequently partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water to obtain n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, water fraction, and insoluble fraction. Faloak extract and fractions at concentration 62,5; 125; 250; 500μg/mL were tested for their effect on the peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of Balb/c mice in vitro by the latex beads method. Phagocytosis capacity and phagocytosis index were analyzed using one-way anova and post hoc Tukey HSD test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the highest macrophage phagocytosis capacity and the highest total flavonoid content compared to other fractions. The highest macrophage phagocytosis capacity of ethyl acetate fraction at concentration of 250 μg/mL was 51,94±4,67%, this value was significantly different from cell control (7,50±1,29%), negative controls of 0,0625% dimethylsulphoxide (6,25±0,36%), as well as positive control of 200 μg/mL echinaceae extract syrup® (9,97±0,33%). The total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate fraction determined by aluminum chloride method was 4,290±0.029 mg of quercetin equivalent/g fraction. There was a positive and strong correlation between the total flavonoid content of these extract and fractions with their macrophage phagocytosis capacity (Pearson correlation coefficient of 0,781) and showing linear relationship y=4,721x+19,663; R2=0,61.

Antioxidant capacity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Grewia serrulata DC and Grewia nervosa (Lour.) Panigrahi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mentham Ramesh ◽  
Chandu Babu Rao
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content

The current investigation is intended to evaluate the content of phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of stem and root of Grewia serrulata DC (HAESGS & HAERGS) and leaf and bark of Grewia Nervosa (Lour.) panigrahi (HAELGN & HAEBGN). Initially, all the extracts at different concentrations were estimated for their total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The study was further extended for their antioxidant potential evaluation using various in vitro methods such as 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging assays. The total phenolic content (mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract) was high in HAELGN (170.82±0.19) and HAERGS (123.00±0.48) than HAESGS (111.2±0.26) and HAEBGN (119.60±0.23). The total flavonoid content (mg quercetin equivalent per gram) is greater in HAERGS (71.24±0.50) and HAESGS (65.68±0.27) than HAELGN (55.82±0.35) and HAEBGN (62.38±0.45). The IC50 values (µg/ml) of different plant extracts inferred that DPPH radical scavenging activity is greater in HAELGN (42.91±0.88) and HAEBGN (53.87±0.35) than HAESGS (126.73±1.20) and HAERGS (88.87±1.25). However, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity is more in HAERGS (135.41±1.19 & 88.00±1.42) and HAELGN (172.28±1.91 & 108.163±1.09) than HAESGS (237.3±1.65 & 110.074±0.87) and HAEBGN (204.7±1.04 & 125.54±1.07). The results of present comprehensive analysis demonstrated that both the plants Grewia serrulata DC and Grewia Nervosa (Lour.) panigrahi possess high phenolic, flavonoid contents and potential antioxidant activity, and could be used as a valid source of natural antioxidants and might be utilized for pharmacological screening of various therapeutic activities. Keywords: Grewia serrulata; Grewia Nervosa; Total Phenolic content; Total flavonoid content; Antioxidant potential

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of sun protective factor (SPF) and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts of graptophyllum pictum

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Diyana Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Nur Farihah Che Mustafa ◽  
Mahendran Sekar ◽  
Khor Poh Yen ◽  
Seow Lay Jing
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content

Natural substances extracted from plants have been gaining attraction as protective agents due to their safety and responsible for multiple biological effects on skins. The present study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, Sun Protection Factor (SPF), and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts of Graptophyllum pictum leaves. The dried powdered leaves were extracted by the cold maceration method, using three different solvents, i.e., methanol, ethanol, and water. The extracted leaves was tested for antioxidant activity using of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl). Total phenolic content was determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu and for total flavonoid content with used the aluminium chloride. The SPF of all extracts were analyzed by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry. The total phenolic content is the highest in methanol extract (377.61±0.31 µg/ml), and total flavonoid content is the highest in ethanol extract (158.06 ± 0.18 µg/ml). For DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ethanolic extract showed the maximum percentage of inhibition, and for SPF, methanol extract had displayed the highest. The study recommends that methanol is a good solvent for the extraction of sun-protective constituents from G. pictum.

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