scholarly journals Degradation ability of wood decay fungi in teak (Tectona grandis L.) wood under storage condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 982-987
Author(s):  
A. Sudha ◽  
◽  
G. Thiribhuvanamala ◽  
S. Rajamanickam ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Wood Block ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Teak Wood ◽  
Degradation Ability

Aim: The present study was undertaken to provide basic knowledge about the teak woody biomass degradation ability of wood decay fungi. Methodology: Wood decay fungi was isolated from the decayed wood samples collected from teak wood logs. The weight loss of teak wood and moisture content were assessed under in-vitro condition by incubating the teak wood block with the isolated fungi. Further, the secretion of ligninolytic enzymes viz., laccase, lignin peroxidise (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) produced by wood decay fungi were assessed to understand their degrading ability. Results: Wood decay fungi namely, Daldinia concentrica, Ganoderma lucidum, Lenzites betulina, Ganoderma tsugae, Trametes versicolor and Schizophyllum commune, were isolated from teak wood logs as pure culture and were used for studying their degrading ability. Higher degrading percentage of 10.50 and 12.0 was recorded with L. betulina and T. versicolor inoculated wood blocks on 60th day of incubation. Similarly, the maximum moisture content of 54.45 and 50.00 percent was recorded with L. betulina and T. versicolor at 60th day of incubation in teak wood blocks. Supporting these results, L. betulina showed increased secretion of laccase, LiP and MnP enzyme activity to the level of 0.60, 0.056 and 0.26U ml-1, respectively. Interpretation: The results of the present study gives an understanding on the degrading ability of wood decay fungi which can be used to devise integrated management practices to minimise the losses under storage.

scholarly journals DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK KULIT JATI (Tectona grandis Linn F) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR PELAPUK KAYU Schizophyllum commune Fries

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferry Vernando Hutabarat ◽  
Farah Diba ◽  
Lolyta Sisillia
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

The aim of the research was to examine the antifungal activity and the most effective concentration of teak bark (Tectona grandis Linn F) extract in inhibiting wood decay fungi Schizophyllum commune Fries. Teak bark was derived from BKPH Ledok, Sambong district, Blora Regency, West Java. The Teak bark made into particle with size pass of 40 mesh and retained 60 mesh. Then one kilogram of teak bark particle was maceration with 10 liter of aquadest. The extract then mixes with potatoes dextrose agar (PDA) with several concentration i.e. 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% and pour into petri dish. One isolate of Schizophyllum commune was put in the center of PDA in each petri dish then incubated for nine days. The bioactive compound of extract teak bark was evaluation used phytochemical screening. Result of the research showed that teak bark extract at concentration 0.25% and 0.5% has antifungal activity values was 27.98% and 40.38% and categorized as medium inhibition growth of S. commune. Meanwhile at concentration 0.75% and 1% the AFA values was 59.94% and 65.51% categorized as strong inhibition growth of S. commune. The bioactive compounds from phytochemical screening test were alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, fenolik, antrakuinon, and saponin. The extract of teak bark with concentration 0.75% and 1% are the most effective concentrations in inhibiting the growth of wood decay fungi S. commune Fries.Keywords : antifungal, phytochemical screening test, Schizophyllum commune, Tectona grandis

scholarly journals Function of sesquiterpenes from Schizophyllum commune in interspecific interactions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245623
Author(s):  
Sophia Wirth ◽  
Katrin Krause ◽  
Maritta Kunert ◽  
Selina Broska ◽  
Christian Paetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wood Decomposition ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Fungal Kingdom

Wood is a habitat for a variety of organisms, including saprophytic fungi and bacteria, playing an important role in wood decomposition. Wood inhabiting fungi release a diversity of volatiles used as signaling compounds to attract or repel other organisms. Here, we show that volatiles of Schizophyllum commune are active against wood-decay fungi and bacteria found in its mycosphere. We identified sesquiterpenes as the biologically active compounds, that inhibit fungal growth and modify bacterial motility. The low number of cultivable wood inhabiting bacteria prompted us to analyze the microbial community in the mycosphere of S. commune using a culture-independent approach. Most bacteria belong to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, including Pseudomonadaceae, Sphingomonadaceae, Erwiniaceae, Yersiniaceae and Mariprofundacea as the dominating families. In the fungal community, the phyla of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes were well represented. We propose that fungal volatiles might have an important function in the wood mycosphere and could meditate interactions between microorganisms across domains and within the fungal kingdom.

Wood Decay Fungi Associated with Tamarind Tree in Gujarat, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Praveen Kumar ◽  
Arun Arya
Keyword(s):  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
White Rot ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Root Decay ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Daldinia Concentrica ◽  
First Time

Fungi may cause internal decay, cankers, loosening of tissue and cell walls result into weak forks in the trunk and large branches. Tree rot may be associated with root decay, damage to foliage and fruits. Wood decay fungi isolated from Tamarindus indica were Daldinia concentrica, Schizophyllum commune, Flavodon flavus,Irpex hydnoides, and Phellinus fastuosus, in which D. concentrica causing canker rot is reported for the first time from India and F. flavus and I. hydnoidesP. fastuosus are recorded for the first time on T. indica wood causing white rot. During canker rot, formation of bark canker and extensive internal decay of wood was observed; as a result the tree growing in the M.S. University campus became structurally unstable and broken off at the canker face. Early detection and removal of such hazardous branches of trees is advocated to avoid loss of life and property.

Growth inhibition of wood-decay fungi by lignin-related aromatic compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Cabral Almada ◽  
Mathilde Montibus ◽  
Frédérique Ham-Pichavant ◽  
Sandra Tapin-Lingua ◽  
Gilles Labat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

Aliphatic acids as spore germination inhibitors of wood-decay fungi in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer L. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Aliphatic Acids ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

Influences of eight saturated aliphatic acids (C5–C10, C12, and C16) on basidiospores of four isolates of wood-decay fungi (Poria tenuis and Trametes hispida, white rot fungi, and two isolates of the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum) were observed in vitro. Spore responses after 24 h on malt extract agar containing 10, 102 or 103 ppm of each acid included normal germination, delay of germ tube emergence, vacuolation and degeneration of spore cytoplasm, and prevention of germ tube development without spore destruction. Acids of chain length C5–C10 prevented spore germination and killed spores of all fungi at concentrations of 20–50 ppm in media, whereas other acids tested were less active. Spore germination assay of decay fungi may prove useful as a screening tool to compare potency of wood preservatives.

The role of wood decay fungi in the carbon and nitrogen dynamics of the forest floor

2009 ◽  
pp. 151-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Watkinson ◽  
Dan Bebber ◽  
Peter Darrah ◽  
Mark Fricker ◽  
Monika Tlalka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics

Bioconversion of Heptachlor Epoxide by Wood-Decay Fungi and Detection of Metabolites

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Xiao ◽  
Toshio Mori ◽  
Ryuichiro Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Epoxide Ring ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Phlebia Brevispora

Although heptachlor epoxide is one of the most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that cause serious environmental problems, there is very limited information of the biodegradation of heptachlor epoxide by microorganisms, and no systematic study on the metabolic products and pathway of endrin by microorganisms has been conducted. Wood-decay fungi can degrade a wide spectrum of recalcitrant organopollutants, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In this study, 18 wood-decay fungi strains of genus Phlebia were investigated for their ability to degrade heptachlor epoxide, and Phlebia acanthocystis, Phlebia brevispora, Phlebia lindtneri and Phlebia aurea removed about 16, 16, 22 and 25% of heptachlor epoxide, respectively, after 14 days of incubation. Heptachlor diol and 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene were detected in these fungal cultures as metabolites by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS), suggesting that the hydrolysis reaction in the epoxide ring and substitution of chlorine atom with hydroxyl group in C1 position occur in bioconversion of heptachlor epoxide by selected wood-decay fungi, respectively. This is the first report describing the metabolites of heptachlor epoxide by microorganisms.

scholarly journals Host-exclusivity and host-recurrence by wood decay fungi (Basidiomycota - Agaricomycetes) in Brazilian mangroves

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgea S. Nogueira-Melo ◽  
Paulo J. P. Santos ◽  
Tatiana B. Gibertoni
Keyword(s):  
Wood Decay ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

scholarly journals Leaf extracts of Casearia sylvestris and Casearia decandra affect growth and production of ligninolytic enzymes in wood decay basidiomycetes

Hoehnea ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiara Siqueira Bento ◽  
Luce Maria Brandão Torres ◽  
Mauricio Batista Fialho ◽  
Vera Lúcia Ramos Bononi
Keyword(s):  
Wood Decay ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Pycnoporus Sanguineus ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Tropical Flora ◽  
Casearia Sylvestris

ABSTRACT White-rot basidiomycetes are able to deteriorate wood products and be pathogenic to living trees, requiring, thus requiring control. The tropical flora is an important source of eco-friendly antifungal compounds; however, the knowledge on how leaf extracts affect the fungal physiology is limited. Therefore, in the present work we investigated the influence of ethanolic leaf extracts of Casearia sylvestris and C. decandra at 0.1 mg mL-1 on the production of ligninolytic enzymes by Trametes villosa, Ganoderma australe and Pycnoporus sanguineus. Overall, the extracts inhibited the mycelial growth and the production of biomass. Additionally, C. sylvestris extract reduced the production of manganese peroxidase and laccase; however, the exposure to C. decandra extract resulted in variable responses. Therefore, enzymes related to lignin degradation are potential targets to control wood decay fungi by plant bioactive compounds, as their ability to colonize the substrate may be impaired.

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