scholarly journals Multivariateanalysis of traits associated with durum wheat seed vigor under saline conditions.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Azzedine Fercha ◽  
◽  
Ayache Laabassi ◽  
Tarek Aissani ◽  
houki Sahraoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Efficient Selection

n thisstudy, the ability of germination, seedlings emergence and salt stress tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) wereevaluated by multivariate analysis using eight cultivars collected from different regions of Algeria. Two-way ANOVA indicatedsignificant effects of "salt stress" and"genotype"on all the attributes of germination and seedlings growth. The principal component analysis indicated that the first and second components accounted for about 64.5% of the variation among the traits analyzed. The second component includedthe coleoptileslength,seedlingslength and vigor index, and accountedfor nearly 60% of the variation. This component representedthe ability of wheat seedlings to grow under salt stress conditions. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the eight genotypes into two groups. Results obtained suggestedthat selection for high values of the traits such as"coleoptileslength", ‘seedlingslength’and "seedsvigor"didimprove salt tolerance of durum wheat. In addition, the cross between the genotypes classified in groups I and II may increase the genetic diversity in this species, and enable efficient selection among the progeny obtained from these crosses.

scholarly journals Assessment of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes based on their agro-physiological characteristics and stress tolerance indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Radhia MEKAOUSSI ◽  
Abou-bakr RABTI ◽  
Zine El Abidine FELLAHI ◽  
Abderrahmane HANNACHI ◽  
Amar BENMAHAMMED ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Yield Determinants

<p>The present study aimed to investigate the extent of variability and relationships between grain yield and morpho-physiological durum wheat traits. Sufficient variability was observed for most characters. Based on stress indices, either widely or specifically, adapted lines were identified. Path analysis pointed out to above ground biomass, harvest index, spike fertility and spike number as yield determinants, suggesting that these traits are of interest in the breeding program. The measured traits were classified within 6 principal components accounting for 79.45 % of the total variation. Breeding lines dispersed along first principal component exhibited substantial differences in performance and stress tolerance abilities. Cluster C3 lines were high yielding and stress tolerant. From this cluster, lines L24 and L14 were scored as the best for 7 and 5 traits out of 17 characters, respectively. Both lines are proposed for release and as parents in crosses to take advantage of their desirable characteristics. The results indicated that physiological traits were unrelated to each other and to morphological traits making difficult the concomitant selection for yield and stress tolerance driven by these traits. Complexes crosses, between parents carefully chosen for these specific characteristics, are necessary to enhance favorable genetic linkage and to generate new basic segregating populations with high genetic variability for these traits.</p>

scholarly journals Identification of Phenotypic and Physiological Markers of Salt Stress Tolerance in Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) through Integrated Analyses

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guellim ◽  
Catterou ◽  
Chabrerie ◽  
Tetu ◽  
Hirel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase Activity ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
The Impact

Salinity is one of the most important stresses that reduces plant growth and productivity in several parts of the world. Nine Tunisian durum wheat genotypes grown under hydroponic conditions were subjected to two levels of salt stress (100 and 170 mM NaCl) for 21 days. An integrative analysis revealing the impact of salinity on key phenotypic and physiological marker traits was then conducted. Principal component analysis grouped these traits into three different clusters corresponding to the absence of salt stress and the two levels of salt stress. This analysis also allowed the identification of genotypes exhibiting various levels of tolerance to NaCl. Among the nine genotypes of Triticum durum Desf., cultivar Om Rabiaa was the most tolerant whereas cultivar Mahmoudi genotype was the most sensitive. Following the multivariate analysis of the examined phenotypic and physiological traits, we found that shoot length, shoot fresh weight, leaf area, the whole-plant stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N), shoot ammonium and proline contents, and shoot glutamine synthetase activity could be used as markers for the selection of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes.

Salt-induced accumulation of glycine betaine is inhibited by high light in durum wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petronia Carillo ◽  
Danila Parisi ◽  
Pasqualina Woodrow ◽  
Giovanni Pontecorvo ◽  
Giuseppina Massaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
High Light ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Tyrosine Content

In this study, we determined the effects of both salinity and high light on the metabolism of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf. cv. Ofanto) seedlings, with a special emphasis on the potential role of glycine betaine in their protection. Unexpectedly, it appears that high light treatment inhibits the synthesis of glycine betaine, even in the presence of salt stress. Additional solutes such as sugars and especially amino acids could partially compensate for the decrease in its synthesis upon exposure to high light levels. In particular, tyrosine content was strongly increased by high light, this effect being enhanced by salt treatment. Interestingly, a large range of well-known detoxifying molecules were also not induced by salt treatment in high light conditions. Taken together, our results question the role of glycine betaine in salinity tolerance under light conditions close to those encountered by durum wheat seedlings in their natural environment and suggest the importance of other mechanisms, such as the accumulation of minor amino acids.

scholarly journals Durum Wheat Stress Tolerance Induced by Endophyte Pantoea agglomerans with Genes Contributing to Plant Functions and Secondary Metabolite Arsenal

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsa Cherif-Silini ◽  
Bathini Thissera ◽  
Ali Chenari Bouket ◽  
Nora Saadaoui ◽  
Allaoua Silini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Pantoea Agglomerans ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

In the arid region Bou-Saâda at the South of Algeria, durum wheat Triticum durum L. cv Waha production is severely threatened by abiotic stresses, mainly drought and salinity. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) hold promising prospects towards sustainable and environmentally-friendly agriculture. Using habitat-adapted symbiosis strategy, the PGPR Pantoea agglomerans strain Pa was recovered from wheat roots sampled in Bou-Saâda, conferred alleviation of salt stress in durum wheat plants and allowed considerable growth in this unhostile environment. Strain Pa showed growth up to 35 °C temperature, 5–10 pH range, and up to 30% polyethylene glycol (PEG), as well as 1 M salt concentration tolerance. Pa strain displayed pertinent plant growth promotion (PGP) features (direct and indirect) such as hormone auxin biosynthesis, production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and ammonia and phosphate solubilization. PGPR features were stable over wide salt concentrations (0–400 mM). Pa strain was also able to survive in seeds, in the non-sterile and sterile wheat rhizosphere, and was shown to have an endophytic life style. Phylogenomic analysis of strain Pa indicated that Pantoea genus suffers taxonomic imprecision which blurs species delimitation and may have impacted their practical use as biofertilizers. When applied to plants, strain Pa promoted considerable growth of wheat seedlings, high chlorophyll content, lower accumulation of proline, and favored K+ accumulation in the inoculated plants when compared to Na+ in control non-inoculated plants. Metabolomic profiling of strain Pa under one strain many compounds (OSMAC) conditions revealed a wide diversity of secondary metabolites (SM) with interesting salt stress alleviation and PGP activities. All these findings strongly promote the implementation of Pantoea agglomerans strain Pa as an efficient biofertilizer in wheat plants culture in arid and salinity-impacted regions.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of Some Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Genotypes Growing under Semi-Arid Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Guendouz Ali ◽  
◽  
Hannachi Abderrahmane ◽  
Fellahi Zine El Abidine ◽  
Benalia Frih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Semi Arid

Breeders are permanently looking for an efficient method of developing genotypes with improved yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of some durum wheat genotypes, the study of the correlations between traits and the direct effect of each trait on final grain yield. Twenty genotypes of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) were planted in the experimental fields of INRAA, Setif, Algeria in (2016 –2017) crop season. The genotypes tested were grown in a randomized block design with three replications. The analyses of variance (ANOVA) demonstrate the existence of genetic diversity between genotypes tested. In addition, significant and positive correlations were registered between grain yield (GY) and days to heading (DH), number of spikes per square meter (NSM) and number of kernels per spike (NKS). The path analysis (PA) demonstrates positive and significant direct effects of the number of spikes per square meter (NSM), thousand kernels weight (TKW) and number of kernels per spike (NKS) on grain yield. Overall, the results proved that the genotypes Rezzak, Ofanto and BIDI 17 have the best ranking with the highest grain yield, and these can be recommended as the best genotypes for some in this area. In addition, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) proved that the genotypes Rezzak, Bidi17, Ofanto, Kebir and Adnan 2 are very suitable genotypes for growing under semi-arid conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of salt stress (sodium chloride) on germination and seedling growth of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourour AYED ◽  
Neila RASSAA ◽  
Zoubeir CHAMEKH ◽  
Saddreddine BEJI ◽  
Feker KAROUI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf

Effect of Salt Stress on Germination and Biological Growth of 50 Genotypes of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 957-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Abdelkader ◽  
Ch. Ramzi ◽  
R. Mustapha ◽  
B. Houcine ◽  
B.N. M`barek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Biological Growth ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Omani Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum sub sp. durum) Landraces

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Ali H. Al Lawati ◽  
Saleem K Nadaf ◽  
Nadiya A. AlSaady ◽  
Saleh A. Al Hinai ◽  
Almandhar Almamari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Wheat Landraces ◽  
Durum Wheat Landraces

Introduction: The Sultanate of Oman is rich in diversity of the most important crops like wheat, which not only has a global significance but is also regarded as one of the strategic crops in the country. The country has an ancient cultivation history of both bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.s.l.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum sub sp. durum) because of its characteristic location on the eastern edge of the Arabian Peninsula. Wheat landraces constitute the prime genetic resources of cultivated wheat not only in Oman but also in several MENA (the Middle East and North Africa) countries. Indigenous landraces have paramount significance for their potential utilization in crop improvement and conservation programs. Hence, the present study was undertaken to subject 17 indigenous durum wheat accessions for analyses of diversity to select parents for hybridization in national crop improvement programs. Materials and Methods: The trial was conducted consecutively for two cropping seasons (2017-2018 and 2018-2019) during winter from November to March on the layouts of a loamy soil site under sprinkler irrigation system in Augmented Design with five check varieties replicated five times randomized and distributed throughout the experimental area under spacing and crop husbandry practices as per national recommendations. The data on 9 quantitative (Plant descriptors) and 6 qualitative traits on the presence (score 1) or absence (score 0) of pigmentation on 6 plant parts were collected. These traits were subjected to both Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) to comprehend the contribution of these characters towards diversity and form prime diverse clusters from 17 indigenous durum wheat landraces to select appropriate parents for crossing. Results: The results indicated that indigenous durum wheat accessions were significantly different (p>0.05) with respect to all the quantitative characters except the number of tillers. Of 36 combinations of associations among 9 agro-morphological characters’ studied, only six correlations involving four characters viz. tiller no., spikelets/ spike, grains/spike, and grain length were found significant (p<0.05). The results of two multivariate analyses indicated the formation of four diverse clusters with different compositions of accessions, thus not supporting each other in discerning diversity. The parents were selected for hybridization for improving characters of growth for higher yield or productivity with one or two identifying markers of pigmentation on plant parts. Conclusion: The indigenous durum wheat landraces / accessions were found to be more diverse and potential for use in the national crop improvement programs for higher productivity.

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