scholarly journals Nikolai Gogol and the laws of the Russian Empire: on the unity of the writer’s heritage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-133
Author(s):  
I. A. Vinogradov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
The Russian Empire

scholarly journals LITTLE RUSSIA AND GREAT RUSSIA IN SATIRE BY NIKOLAI GOGOL

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Igor’ A. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
Inspector General ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Dead Souls ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article first discusses the problem of the correlation in the work of Nikolai Gogol as satirist or critic of the “Little Russian” and “Great Russian” types of Russian nobility. The influence of Nikolai Gogol’s Ukraine impressions on the creation of a number of his works of an all-Russia nature is emphasised: short story “The Nose”, the comedy “The Inspector General”, and the poem “Dead Souls”. Based on a comprehensive analysis, numerous facts and various testimonies of contemporaries, a conclusion is drawn about the deep imperial consciousness of the writer, who did not distinguish representatives of the Ukraine and Great Russia in his religious, pastoral criticism. The writer always thought of the Ukraine as part of Rus’ – Russia – the Russian Empire. In contrast to the ideologists of a narrow “small-town” “patriotism”, Nikolai Gogol, being a state thinker, considered the inhabitants of Northern and Southern Russia as subjects of a single Russian power and in his convictions of unworthy employees, “malignant” people of miscellaneous ranks and of the nobility was equally strict and demanding to his countrymen as well as to the Great Russians.

D. I. Mendeleev’s “cherished thoughts” on foreign trade and “proper protectionism”

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
T. N. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
American Scholar ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Competition Growth

Foreign trade policy and its role in the economic growth of the national economy are considered through the prism of history and comparison of the formation of the industrial economy in the Russian Empire and the North American United States. The author compares the protectionism of D. I. Mendeleev, described in his economic works, and the free trade thinking of the American scholar W. Sumner, who formulated the “misconceptions” of protectionism. Mendeleev’s proper protectionism is grounded on the basic principles (incentivizing internal competition, growth of consumption, bringing up of new industries ), which are relevant for contemporary Russia. The author gives a typical example of the formation and decline of the factory industry using the case of mirror factories in the Ryazan province. These historical analogies, the paper argues, are necessary for the correct assessment of the current situation and for coming up with valid solutions aimed at the development of the Russian economy.

The Germans and their Jewish Neighbors on the Ukrainian Areas at the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
South West ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.

The Samarin Family and the Parish Question in the Russian Empire. 1860s–1910s

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 235-246
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Beglov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Church Life ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Church ◽  
Do So

The article examines the contribution of the representatives of the Samarin family to the development of the Parish issue in the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The issue of expanding the rights of the laity in the sphere of parish self-government was one of the most debated problems of Church life in that period. The public discussion was initiated by D.F. Samarin (1827-1901). He formulated the “social concept” of the parish and parish reform, based on Slavophile views on society and the Church. In the beginning of the twentieth century his eldest son F.D. Samarin who was a member of the Special Council on the development the Orthodox parish project in 1907, and as such developed the Slavophile concept of the parish. In 1915, A.D. Samarin, who took up the position of the Chief Procurator of the Most Holy Synod, tried to make his contribution to the cause of the parish reforms, but he failed to do so due to his resignation.

Reasons for the Onset of the Uniat Clergy’s Movement Towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the Beginning of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 293-317
Author(s):  
Protopriest Alexander Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Latin Church ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Church Service ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article studies the system of pre-conditions that caused the onset of the uniat clergy’s movement towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the beginning of the 19th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the tendency of the uniat clergy going back to Orthodoxy was the result of certain historic conditions, such as: 1) constant changes in the government policy during the reign of Emperor Pavel I and Emperor Alexander I; 2) increasing latinization of the uniat church service after 1797 and Latin proselytism that were the result of the distrust of the uniats on the part of Roman curia and representatives of Polish Catholic Church of Latin church service; 3) ecclesiastical contradictions made at the Brest Church Union conclusion; 4) division of the uniat clergy into discordant groups and the increase of their opposition to each other on the issue of latinization in the first decades of the 19th century. The combination of those conditions was a unique phenomenon that never repeated itself anywhere.

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