scholarly journals Corporate governments: Government connections of public oil and gas companies

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Benjamin Kogan ◽  
Galla Salganik-Shoshan
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Government

It is well known that governments have direct control over much of the energy sector through National Oil Companies (NOCs). Much less understood are the determinants and consequences of government connections of their stock exchange listed counterparts, Public Oil & Gas Companies (POCs). This paper focuses on an important mechanism through which POCs and governments can influence one another: the presence of current and former government employees among POC directors. Specifically, we expect that current government officials serving on POC boards are more likely than other board members to be a channel through which governments influence firms. Former government officials on POC boards, on the other hand, are more likely than other board members to lobby their governments on the companies’ behalf. We collect data on 112 large POCs from 35 countries, and on country and size-matched control firms outside the oil & gas sector. The empirical results provide partial support for our hypotheses. We find that the importance of the energy sector in a country’s economy does not impact the government connectedness of its POC boards. Country-level corruption measures, on the other hand, are positively related to the prevalence of current and former government officials on POC boards’ – and in the case of current officials, significantly more so than for non-energy firms. Lastly, there is some indication that having former government officials on a POC board contributes to the firm’s profitability.

The stock exchange in practice

1949 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
H. G. Asbury
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Government

This paper is submitted in the hope that it will assist members who are not actively concerned with investment matters to obtain a reasonably clear picture of the Stock Exchange and how it works.The main object of the Stock Exchange, as an institution, is simply to provide a market for stocks and shares, i.e. rights to interest or dividends. Such a market has been in existence in one form and another since the latter part of the seventeenth century, and is virtually a necessity in the modern capital structure. Without it the investor would be loth to lock up his money in a joint-stock undertaking, and, if he did, would have difficulty in assessing the value of his holding at any time. Moreover, he would have little to guide him in making the best use of his capital and, on the other hand, companies requiring funds (to say nothing of the Government) would find it hard to guess the best terms for a new issue.

scholarly journals Tanggung Jawab Jabatan dan Tanggung Jawab Pribadi Dalam Penggunaan Diskresi

Kosmik Hukum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Adam Setiawan ◽  
Nehru Asyikin
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Personal Gain ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Government

Discretion is part of the authority to act freely by government officials to ensure the implementation of public services. However, the discretionary arrangement attached to a position when it must be immediately acted without a written law creates a conflict regarding the government must be based on law. On the other hand, the need for discretion becomes a polemic regarding occupational responsibility and personal responsibility in the use of discretion whose parameters sometimes cause harm to society. The results of this research are of interest that the implications of using official diskettes for public services will cause harm to the state and society. The use of discretion is used as a tool for personal gain and authority which results in violating statutory regulations, contrary to legal principles, acts against the law, and AAUPB.Keywords: discretion, job responsibility, personal responsibility

E-Governance and Corruption Impasse in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Idowu Aluko ◽  
Gabriel Temitope Aderinola
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Corrective Measure ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

E-governance is a technological innovation that brings governance to the fore of integrity and accountability. It requires high technological commitment so as to bring the government closer to the people. Corruption on the other hand is a bane to growth and development in any country. E-governance is a corrective measure to corruption which prevents government officials from shady activities due to its transparency nature. The connection between e-governance and corruption is analyzed in this chapter, and Nigeria is selected as a case study in developing countries. The chapter concludes on the premise that e-governance reduces the strength of corruption in any country and more investment is needed to enhance this development.

MEMBANGUN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SEJAK USIA DINI

Edupedia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Agus Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Early Age ◽  
National Education ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

Character education is a vital instrument in determining the progress of a nation. Therefore the government needs to build educational institutions in order to produce good human resources that are ready to oversee and deliver the nation at a progressive level. It’s just that in reality, national education is not in line with the ideals of national education because the output is not in tune with moral values on the one hand and the potential for individuals to compete in world intellectual order on the other hand. Therefore, as a solution to these problems is the need for the applicationof character education from an early age.

Timber

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Charles Taylor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Timber Market

During the civil war, Liberia’s forestry sector rose to prominence as Charles Taylor traded timber for arms. When the war ended, the UN’s timber sanctions remained in effect, reinforced by the Forestry Development Authority’s (FDA) domestic ban on logging. As Liberians waited for UN timber sanctions to be lifted, a burgeoning domestic timber market developed. This demand was met by artisanal loggers, more commonly referred to as pit sawyers. Out of this illicit economy emerged the Nezoun Group to provide local dispute resolution between the FDA’s tax collectors and ex-combatant pit sawyers. The Nezoun Group posed a dilemma for the government. On the one hand, the regulatory efforts of the Nezoun Group helped the FDA to tax an activity that it had banned. On the other hand, the state’s inability to contain the operations of the Nezoun Group—in open contravention of Liberian laws—highlighted the government’s capacity problems.

Party and the Augustan Constitution, 1694-1716: Politics and the Power of the Executive

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Rubini
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Glorious Revolution ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Commons ◽  
The Government ◽  
Charles Ii ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Glorious Revolution

William of Orange tried to be as absolute as possible. Inroads upon the power of the executive were fiercely resisted: indeed, William succeeded in keeping even the judiciary in a precarious state of independence. To maintain the prerogative and gain the needed supplies from parliament, he relied upon a mixed whig-tory ministry to direct court efforts. Following the Glorious Revolution, the whigs had divided into two principle groups. One faction led by Robert Harley and Paul Foley became the standard-bearers of the broadly based Country party, maintained the “old whig” traditions, did not seek office during William's reign, tried to hold the line on supply, and led the drive to limit the prerogative. The “junto,” “court,” or “new” whigs, on the other hand, were led by ministers who, while in opposition during the Exclusion crisis, held court office, aggressively sought greater offices, and wished to replace monarchy with oligarchy. They soon joined tory courtiers in opposing many of the Country party attempts to place additional restrictions upon the executive. To defend the prerogative and gain passage for bills of supply, William also developed techniques employed by Charles II. By expanding the concept and power of the Court party, he sought to bring together the executive and legislative branches of government through a large cadre of crown office-holders (placemen) who sat, voted, and directed the votes of others on behalf of the government when matters of importance arose in the Commons. So too, William claimed the right to dissolve parliament and call new elections not on a fixed date, as was to become the American practice, but at the time deemed most propitious over first a three-year and then (after 1716) a seven year period.

Sharp and the Restoration Policy in Scotland

1906 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 149-169
Author(s):  
B.D. John Willcock
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Government ◽  
Charles Ii ◽  
Political Principles ◽  
The Church

The idea that at the Restoration the Government of Charles II. wantonly attacked a Church that otherwise would have remained at peace and in the enjoyment of hardly-won liberties is not in accordance with facts. The Church was divided into two warring factions—that of the Remonstrants or Protesters and that of the Resolutioners. The former were the extreme Covenant party and had as their symbol the Remonstrance of the Western army after the Battle of Dunbar, in which they refused to fight any longer in the cause of Charles II. The Resolutioners were the more moderate party, which accepted him as a Covenanted King, and they derived their name from their support of certain Resolutions passed in the Parliament and General Assembly for the admission of Royalists to office under certain conditions. The Protesters—who numbered perhaps about a third of the Presbyterian clergy—claimed, probably not without reason, to be more religious than their opponents. They were very eager to purge the Church of all those whose opinions they regarded as unsatisfactory, and to fill up vacant charges with those who uttered their shibboleths. In their opposition to the King they naturally drew somewhat closely into sympathy with the party of Cromwell, though, with the fatal skill in splitting hairs which has afflicted so many of their nation, they were able to differentiate their political principles from what they called ‘English errors.’ The Resolutioners, on the other hand, adhered steadily to the cause of Charles II., and came under the disfavour of the Government of the Commonwealth for their sympathy with the insurrection under Glencairn and Middleton which had been so troublesome to the English authorities.

Studying the Effect of Changing the Managing Director on the Abnormal Returns of Shares of Companies Listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Hasan ◽  
Hudaa Nadhim Khalbas ◽  
Farqad Mohammed Bakr AL Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Abnormal Stock Returns

The aim of this research is to study the market reaction to the change of the managing director and how this change affects the abnormal returns of the shares. The research is based on the information published by the companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, and 35 companies were selected for the period from 2015 to 2019. The results of the hypothesis test for this study show that there is a negative and significant relationship between the change of the managing director and abnormal stock returns. On the other hand, investors undervalue stock prices when changing CEOs. As a result, the stock returns are less than expected.

scholarly journals Persistent Conflict and Perceived Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Southern Kaduna Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tunde Abioro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Origin Identity ◽  
The Government

The cycle of individual and communal lives from birth to death is supposedly preserved by the government through institutions. However, political, social, and economic activities are engaged to make ends meet wherein the government is to serve as an unbiased regulator. The activities that play out in Southern Kaduna reflected politics of being on one side with interplay on origin, identity, religion, and locality. On the other hand, it reflects politics of belonging that play on kin, reciprocity, and stranger status. It has thus resulted in violence, suspicion, and persistent conflict. The study examines citizen’s inclusiveness in peacebuilding initiatives and the people’s perception of the sincerity of the government. The research relies on secondary sources where governmental and non-governmental publications and documents from relevant and reliable sources enriched the socio-historical approach, particularly those relating to contestation in the region. The study found out that just like situations in the other northwest states of the country, the crisis exacerbates by the government’s inability to mediate fairly between warring parties to ensure fairness and justice as well as failure to apprehend and punish the culprits, even as recommendations from the various interventions were unimplemented. Thus, the spate of violence continues.

scholarly journals CAPITAL STRUCTURE DETERMINANTS OF PLANTATION SUB-SECTOR COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE PERIOD 2014 – 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Septian Wildan Mujaddid ◽  
Bambang Santoso Marsoem
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corporate Liquidity ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Other Hand

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the Debt to Asset Ratio which is a proxy of Capital Structure as the dependent variable. The independent variables studied as determinants of Capital Structure (DAR) include Size (SIZE), Profitability (ROA), Asset Structure (SA), and Corporate Liquidity (CR) using regression model. The population in this study are plantation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014 - 2018. The findings suggest that ROA negatively significant affect DAR, while SA positively significant affect DAR. On the other hand, both SIZE & CR have no significant relationship with DAR

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