scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND VARIATIONS IN ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY IN LANDFILL OF RIO CLARO CITY, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Moreira ◽  
Marcus Cesar Avezum Alves De Castro ◽  
Leonardo Paioli Carrazza ◽  
Fernanda Cavallari ◽  
Lívia Portes Innocente Helene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Dc Resistivity ◽  
Geophysical Logging ◽  
Resistivity Logging

ABSTRACT. This work relates measures of the biogas flow in drains located on landfill with measurements of electric resistivity, obtained by the technique of geophysical logging by measuring cable installed in two vertical boreholes near to two biogas drains, with different flows. The results indicate that variation in rainfall, generation and accumulation of biogas in landfill, are repairable correlation with oscillations in electrical resistivity measures. The biogas production is apparently conditioned by age of residues and organic matter available from the degradation. The biogas drain in region with low production of biogas does not present resistivity pattern directly or indirectly correlated to biogas production, while the biogas drain in region with high gas production was characterized by high resistivity values, with seasonal variation by influence of rainfall.Keywords: methane, organic matter, rainfall, DC resistivity, logging. RESUMO. Este trabalho relaciona medidas da vazão de biogás, em drenos localizados em aterro sanitário, com medidas de resistividade elétrica, obtida pela técnica de perfilagem geofísica por meio de cabos instalados próximos a dois drenos de biogás com diferentes vazões. Os resultados indicaram que variações de pluviosidade, geracão e acumulação de biogás no aterro são passíveis de correlação com oscilações em medidas de resistividade elétrica. A produção de biogás é aparentemente condicionada à idade dos resíduos e à disponibilidade de matéria orgânica passível de degradação. O dreno de baixa vazão não apresentou um padrão de resistividade direta ou indiretamente correlacionável com a produção de biogás. A região do dreno de alta vazão foi caracterizada por alta resistividade, com variações sazonais por influencia de chuvas.Palavras-chave: metano, matéria orgânica, chuva, eletrorresistividade, perfilagem.

scholarly journals Electrical resisitivity to detect zones of biogas accumulation in a landfill

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Moreira ◽  
Thais Munhoz ◽  
Fernanda Cavallari ◽  
Lívia Portes Innocenti Helene
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Surface Drains

Biogas produced in sanitary landfills consists in a potential source, formed by degradation of organic matter, this gas is constituted by CH4, CO2 and water vapor. Sanitary landfills represent important depository of organic matter with great energetic potential in Brazil, although presently with inexpressive use. Estimates for production or maintenance of productive rates of CH4 represent one of the main difficulties of technical order to the planning and continuity of collection systems for rational consumption of this resource. Electrical resistivity measurements are routinuously used in profiling oil wells for the determination of levels with accumulations of oil and gas, facing the contrast among fluids and rocks. This paper aims to evaluate eventual relationship among biogas flow quantified in surface drains of a waste cell in landfill, with characteristic patterns of in depth electrical resistivity. The integration of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) lines allowed for the generation of 3D blocks and a clear distinction among zones of high biogas production, quantified in surface drains, with areas of high resistivity in depth. The results suggest the possibility of use of the method in studies to place drains in areas promising to the collection of biogas for energetic generation in sanitary landfill.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis between Biogas Flow in Landfill and Electrical Resistivity Tomography in Rio Claro City, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Moreira ◽  
Marcus Castro ◽  
Ana Gonsalez ◽  
Fernanda Cavallari ◽  
Thais Munhoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Dc Resistivity ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Hydrogeological Studies

The biogas originated from anaerobic degradation of organic matter in landfills consists basically in CH4, CO2, and H2O. The landfills represent an important depository of organic matter with high energetic potential in Brazil, although with inexpressive use in the present. The estimation of production of the productive rate of biogas represents one of the major difficulties of technical order to the planning of capture system for rational consumption of this resource. The applied geophysics consists in a set of methods and techniques with wide use in environmental and hydrogeological studies. The DC resistivity method is largely applied in environmental diagnosis of the contamination in soil and groundwater, due to the contrast of electrical properties frequent between contaminated areas and the natural environment. This paper aims to evaluate eventual relationships between biogas flows quantified in drains located in the landfill, with characteristic patterns of electrical resistivity in depth. The drain of higher flow (117 m3/h) in depth was characterized for values between 8000 Ω·m and 100.000 Ω·m, in contrast with values below 2000 Ω·m, which characterize in subsurface the drain with less flow (37 m3/h), besides intermediary flow and electrical resistivity values, attributed to the predominance of areas with accumulation or generation of biogas.

scholarly journals Area Selective Deposition of Metals from the Electrical Resistivity of the Substrate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hama Nadhom ◽  
Robert Boyd ◽  
Polla Rouf ◽  
Daniel Lundin ◽  
Henrik Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Metallic Thin Films ◽  
Selective Deposition ◽  
Iron Films ◽  
Cvd Method ◽  
Metal On Metal

<p>Area selective deposition (ASD) of films only on desired areas of the substrate opens for less complex fabrication of nanoscaled electronics. We show that a newly developed CVD method, where plasma electrons are used as the reducing agent in deposition of metallic thin films, is inherently area selective from the electrical resistivity of the substrate surface. When depositing iron with the new CVD method, no film is deposited on high-resistivity SiO<sub>2</sub> surfaces whereas several hundred nm thick iron films are deposited on areas with low resistivity, obtained by adding a thin layer of silver on the SiO<sub>2</sub> surface. Based on such a scheme, we show how to use the electric resistivity of the substrate surface as an extension of the ASD toolbox for metal-on-metal deposition. </p>

scholarly journals Using biogas as an energy source

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04064
Author(s):  
Alexander Smirnov ◽  
Kantemir Tsabolov ◽  
Liliya Ineshina ◽  
Elena Gogina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses the topic of sewage sludge digestion. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge makes it possible to obtain biogas, which can later be used to generate heat or electricity. this approach to resource use is recognized worldwide as more environmentally friendly. The article discusses the experience of European countries in the production and use of biogas. In the Russian Federation, the situation is complicated by the fact that wastewater contains a small amount of organic matter, which is a product for biogas production. Therefore, methods have been proposed for increasing the content of organic matter in sediments, for example, by means of separate waste collection and disposal of organic waste through grinders into the sewerage system. Or, the amount of organic matter in the sewage sludge can be increased by adding manure from animal farms. The stages of sediment fermentation are considered. The topic of rationality and payback of the use of biogas is raised. Projects already working in different countries are being considered. Possible volumes of gas production and methods of air purification during sludge treatment are considered.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL INFLUENCE IN BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND VARIATIONS IN THE SELF-POTENTIAL IN A LANDFILL

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-597
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto MOREIRA ◽  
Lívia Portes Innocente HELENE ◽  
Fernanda CAVALLARI ◽  
Leonardo Paioli CARRAZZA ◽  
João Carlos DOURADO
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Solid Domestic Waste ◽  
Geophysical Logging ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Self Potential ◽  
Relevant Factors

Biogas is a chemical compound rich in methane, generated by the degradation of organic matter, flammable power and applicable to energy generation. Landfills are areas with great potential for biogas generation due to the large amount of organic matter contained in solid domestic waste. The sizing and design of projects to capture and generate energy in landfills depend on reliable estimates of future generation of biogas. The currently available models are deficient in many respects due to the exclusion of relevant factors in the biogas generation process. This paper presents the results of natural electric potential through geophysical logging technique, developed alongside gas drains located in areas with residues of different ages of landfill deposition, when accompanied by measures of biogas flow and rainfall, biweekly during 12 months. The key objective was to evaluate the sensitivity of the physical parameter to seasonal variations and its relation to the production of biogas. The results show that the availability of organic matter able to degradation was the main factor responsible for differences in biogas production between the drains examined, although there are variations in periods of drought or rain. The natural electric potential demonstrated proportional variations of biogas flow rates measured in drains with different ages, where the largest biogas flows are associated to more electronegative or more reducing areas

scholarly journals Area Selective Deposition of Metals from the Electrical Resistivity of the Substrate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hama Nadhom ◽  
Robert Boyd ◽  
Polla Rouf ◽  
Daniel Lundin ◽  
Henrik Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Metallic Thin Films ◽  
Selective Deposition ◽  
Iron Films ◽  
Cvd Method ◽  
Metal On Metal

<p>Area selective deposition (ASD) of films only on desired areas of the substrate opens for less complex fabrication of nanoscaled electronics. We show that a newly developed CVD method, where plasma electrons are used as the reducing agent in deposition of metallic thin films, is inherently area selective from the electrical resistivity of the substrate surface. When depositing iron with the new CVD method, no film is deposited on high-resistivity SiO<sub>2</sub> surfaces whereas several hundred nm thick iron films are deposited on areas with low resistivity, obtained by adding a thin layer of silver on the SiO<sub>2</sub> surface. Based on such a scheme, we show how to use the electric resistivity of the substrate surface as an extension of the ASD toolbox for metal-on-metal deposition. </p>

scholarly journals Area Selective Deposition of Metals from the Electrical Resistivity of the Substrate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hama Nadhom ◽  
Robert Boyd ◽  
Polla Rouf ◽  
Daniel Lundin ◽  
Henrik Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Metallic Thin Films ◽  
Selective Deposition ◽  
Iron Films ◽  
Cvd Method ◽  
Metal On Metal

<p>Area selective deposition (ASD) of films only on desired areas of the substrate opens for less complex fabrication of nanoscaled electronics. We show that a newly developed CVD method, where plasma electrons are used as the reducing agent in deposition of metallic thin films, is inherently area selective from the electrical resistivity of the substrate surface. When depositing iron with the new CVD method, no film is deposited on high-resistivity SiO<sub>2</sub> surfaces whereas several hundred nm thick iron films are deposited on areas with low resistivity, obtained by adding a thin layer of silver on the SiO<sub>2</sub> surface. Based on such a scheme, we show how to use the electric resistivity of the substrate surface as an extension of the ASD toolbox for metal-on-metal deposition. </p>

scholarly journals Quantify Coal Macrolithotypes of a Whole Coal Seam: A Method Combing Multiple Geophysical Logging and Principal Component Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Chao Cui ◽  
Suoliang Chang ◽  
Yanbin Yao ◽  
Lutong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Geophysical Logging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Observation Results

Coal macrolithotypes control the reservoir heterogeneity, which plays a significant role in the exploration and development of coalbed methane. Traditional methods for coal macrolithotype evaluation often rely on core observation, but these techniques are non-economical and insufficient. The geophysical logging data are easily available for coalbed methane exploration; thus, it is necessary to find a relationship between core observation results and wireline logging data, and then to provide a new method to quantify coal macrolithotypes of a whole coal seam. In this study, we propose a L-Index model by combing the multiple geophysical logging data with principal component analysis, and we use the L-Index model to quantitatively evaluate the vertical and regional distributions of the macrolithotypes of No. 3 coal seam in Zhengzhuang field, southern Qinshui basin. Moreover, we also proposed a S-Index model to quantitatively evaluate the general brightness of a whole coal seam: the increase of the S-Index from 1 to 3.7, indicates decreasing brightness, i.e., from bright coal to dull coal. Finally, we discussed the relationship between S-Index and the hydro-fracturing effect. It was found that the coal seam with low S-Index values can easily form long extending fractures during hydraulic fracturing. Therefore, the lower S-Index values indicate much more favorable gas production potential in the Zhengzhuang field. This study provides a new methodology to evaluate coal macrolithotypes by using geophysical logging data.

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