scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL INFLUENCE IN BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND VARIATIONS IN THE SELF-POTENTIAL IN A LANDFILL

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-597
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto MOREIRA ◽  
Lívia Portes Innocente HELENE ◽  
Fernanda CAVALLARI ◽  
Leonardo Paioli CARRAZZA ◽  
João Carlos DOURADO
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Solid Domestic Waste ◽  
Geophysical Logging ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Self Potential ◽  
Relevant Factors

Biogas is a chemical compound rich in methane, generated by the degradation of organic matter, flammable power and applicable to energy generation. Landfills are areas with great potential for biogas generation due to the large amount of organic matter contained in solid domestic waste. The sizing and design of projects to capture and generate energy in landfills depend on reliable estimates of future generation of biogas. The currently available models are deficient in many respects due to the exclusion of relevant factors in the biogas generation process. This paper presents the results of natural electric potential through geophysical logging technique, developed alongside gas drains located in areas with residues of different ages of landfill deposition, when accompanied by measures of biogas flow and rainfall, biweekly during 12 months. The key objective was to evaluate the sensitivity of the physical parameter to seasonal variations and its relation to the production of biogas. The results show that the availability of organic matter able to degradation was the main factor responsible for differences in biogas production between the drains examined, although there are variations in periods of drought or rain. The natural electric potential demonstrated proportional variations of biogas flow rates measured in drains with different ages, where the largest biogas flows are associated to more electronegative or more reducing areas

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND VARIATIONS IN ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY IN LANDFILL OF RIO CLARO CITY, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Moreira ◽  
Marcus Cesar Avezum Alves De Castro ◽  
Leonardo Paioli Carrazza ◽  
Fernanda Cavallari ◽  
Lívia Portes Innocente Helene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Dc Resistivity ◽  
Geophysical Logging ◽  
Resistivity Logging

ABSTRACT. This work relates measures of the biogas flow in drains located on landfill with measurements of electric resistivity, obtained by the technique of geophysical logging by measuring cable installed in two vertical boreholes near to two biogas drains, with different flows. The results indicate that variation in rainfall, generation and accumulation of biogas in landfill, are repairable correlation with oscillations in electrical resistivity measures. The biogas production is apparently conditioned by age of residues and organic matter available from the degradation. The biogas drain in region with low production of biogas does not present resistivity pattern directly or indirectly correlated to biogas production, while the biogas drain in region with high gas production was characterized by high resistivity values, with seasonal variation by influence of rainfall.Keywords: methane, organic matter, rainfall, DC resistivity, logging. RESUMO. Este trabalho relaciona medidas da vazão de biogás, em drenos localizados em aterro sanitário, com medidas de resistividade elétrica, obtida pela técnica de perfilagem geofísica por meio de cabos instalados próximos a dois drenos de biogás com diferentes vazões. Os resultados indicaram que variações de pluviosidade, geracão e acumulação de biogás no aterro são passíveis de correlação com oscilações em medidas de resistividade elétrica. A produção de biogás é aparentemente condicionada à idade dos resíduos e à disponibilidade de matéria orgânica passível de degradação. O dreno de baixa vazão não apresentou um padrão de resistividade direta ou indiretamente correlacionável com a produção de biogás. A região do dreno de alta vazão foi caracterizada por alta resistividade, com variações sazonais por influencia de chuvas.Palavras-chave: metano, matéria orgânica, chuva, eletrorresistividade, perfilagem.

scholarly journals Gradient Self-Potential Logging in the Rio Grande to Identify Gaining and Losing Reaches across the Mesilla Valley

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Scott Ikard ◽  
Andrew Teeple ◽  
Delbert Humberson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Diversion Dam ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Self Potential

The Rio Grande/Río Bravo del Norte (hereinafter referred to as the “Rio Grande”) is the primary source of recharge to the Mesilla Basin/Conejos-Médanos aquifer system in the Mesilla Valley of New Mexico and Texas. The Mesilla Basin aquifer system is the U.S. part of the Mesilla Basin/Conejos-Médanos aquifer system and is the primary source of water supply to several communities along the United States–Mexico border in and near the Mesilla Valley. Identifying the gaining and losing reaches of the Rio Grande in the Mesilla Valley is therefore critical for managing the quality and quantity of surface and groundwater resources available to stakeholders in the Mesilla Valley and downstream. A gradient self-potential (SP) logging survey was completed in the Rio Grande across the Mesilla Valley between 26 June and 2 July 2020, to identify reaches where surface-water gains and losses were occurring by interpreting an estimate of the streaming-potential component of the electrostatic field in the river, measured during bankfull flow. The survey, completed as part of the Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program, began at Leasburg Dam in New Mexico near the northern terminus of the Mesilla Valley and ended ~72 kilometers (km) downstream at Canutillo, Texas. Electric potential data indicated a net losing condition for ~32 km between the Leasburg Dam and Mesilla Diversion Dam in New Mexico, with one ~200-m long reach showing an isolated saline-groundwater gaining condition. Downstream from the Mesilla Diversion Dam, electric-potential data indicated a neutral-to-mild gaining condition for 12 km that transitioned to a mild-to-moderate gaining condition between 12 and ~22 km downstream from the dam, before transitioning back to a losing condition along the remaining 18 km of the survey reach. The interpreted gaining and losing reaches are substantiated by potentiometric surface mapping completed in hydrostratigraphic units of the Mesilla Basin aquifer system between 2010 and 2011, and corroborated by surface-water temperature and conductivity logging and relative median streamflow gains and losses, quantified from streamflow measurements made annually at 16 seepage-measurement stations along the survey reach between 1988 and 1998 and between 2004 and 2013. The gaining and losing reaches of the Rio Grande in the Mesilla Valley, interpreted from electric potential data, compare well with relative median streamflow gains and losses along the 72-km long survey reach.

Device for Pore Solution Extraction from Cement-Based Materials and its Application

2016 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 365-369
Author(s):  
Jian Liang Zhang ◽  
An Qun Lu ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Wen Bin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Pore Solution ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Relevant Factors

In this paper, a device for pore solution extraction from cement-based materials was presented, The relevant Factors of Efficiency of Pore Solution Extraction and the effects of squeezing pressures on the chemical concentrations of pore solutions were studied. The results shows, the efficiency of pore solution extraction can be effected by pressure values, squeezing duration, pressure maintaining time; A low rate of pressures loading is suitable for early-age cement pastes, and long-term samples can take larger rate; 30 minutes loading time can be adopted for specimens with all the different ages; no significant differences were observed regarding the chemical composition (Na and K) of the pore solution extracted between 300 and 900MPa.

scholarly journals Integrated Process for Ethanol, Biogas, and Edible Filamentous Fungi-Based Animal Feed Production from Dilute Phosphoric Acid-Pretreated Wheat Straw

2017 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramkumar B. Nair ◽  
Maryam M. Kabir ◽  
Patrik R. Lennartsson ◽  
Mohammad J. Taherzadeh ◽  
Ilona Sárvári Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Pretreated Wheat Straw

AbstractIntegration of wheat straw for a biorefinery-based energy generation process by producing ethanol and biogas together with the production of high-protein fungal biomass (suitable for feed application) was the main focus of the present study. An edible ascomycete fungal strain Neurospora intermedia was used for the ethanol fermentation and subsequent biomass production from dilute phosphoric acid (0.7 to 1.2% w/v) pretreated wheat straw. At optimum pretreatment conditions, an ethanol yield of 84 to 90% of the theoretical maximum, based on glucan content of substrate straw, was observed from fungal fermentation post the enzymatic hydrolysis process. The biogas production from the pretreated straw slurry showed an improved methane yield potential up to 162% increase, as compared to that of the untreated straw. Additional biogas production, using the syrup, a waste stream obtained post the ethanol fermentation, resulted in a combined total energy output of 15.8 MJ/kg wheat straw. Moreover, using thin stillage (a waste stream from the first-generation wheat-based ethanol process) as a co-substrate to the biogas process resulted in an additional increase by about 14 to 27% in the total energy output as compared to using only wheat straw-based substrates.

scholarly journals The influence on biogas production of three slurry-handling systems in dairy farms

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Coppolecchia ◽  
Davide Gardoni ◽  
Cecilia Baldini ◽  
Federica Borgonovo ◽  
Marcella Guarino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Deep Pit ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Handling systems can influence the production of biogas and methane from dairy farm manures. A comparative work performed in three different Italian dairy farms showed how the most common techniques (scraper, slatted floor, flushing) can change the characteristics of collected manure. Scraper appears to be the most <em>neutral</em> choice, as it does not significantly affect the original characteristics of manure. Slatted floor produces a manure that has a lower methane potential in comparison with scraper, due to: a lower content of volatile solids caused by the biodegradation occurring in the deep pit, and a lower specific biogas production caused by the change in the characteristics of organic matter. Flushing can produce three different fluxes: diluted flushed manure, solid separated manure and liquid separated manure. The diluted fraction appears to be unsuitable for conventional anaerobic digestion in completely stirred reactors (CSTR), since its content of organic matter is too low to be worthwhile. The liquid separated fraction could represent an interesting material, as it appears to accumulate the most biodegradable organic fraction, but not as primary substrate in CSTR as the organic matter concentration is too low. Finally, the solid-liquid separation process tends to accumulate inert matter in the solid separated fraction and, therefore, its specific methane production is low.

scholarly journals BIOLEACH: A New Decision Support Model for the Real-Time Management of Municipal Solid Waste Bioreactor Landfills

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri ◽  
María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero ◽  
Eduardo Cassiraga
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Bioreactor Landfills ◽  
Decision Support Model ◽  
The Real

This paper introduces BIOLEACH, a new decision support model for the real-time management of municipal solid waste bioreactor landfills that allows estimating the leachate and biogas production. Leachate production is estimated using an adaptation of the water balance equation which considers every hydrological component and the water consumed by anaerobic organic matter degradation to create biogas and the leachate recirculation flows pumped from the landfill pond under a bioreactor management scheme. Landfill gas production is estimated considering the leachate formation process as a coupled effect through the production or consumption of water. BIOLEACH uses waste production and climate data at monthly scale and computes leachate production accounting for the actual conditions inside the waste mass. Biogas production is computed simultaneously, considering the available water to adjust the chemical organic matter biodegradation. BIOLEACH is a valuable bioreactor managing tool as it allows calculating the recirculation volume of leachate that ensures optimal moisture conditions inside the waste mass and therefore maximizing biogas production. As an illustrative example of a BIOLEACH application, the model has been applied to a real landfill located in Murcia Region (Spain) showing the economic and environmental benefits derived from leachate superficial recirculation.

Study on the biogas potential of anaerobic digestion of coffee husks wastes in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2093961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Du ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Mihret Dananto Ulsido ◽  
Ruyi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Waste Reclamation

The poorly controlled discharge of coffee husks in Ethiopia causes severe environmental pollution and is a waste of resources. The volatile solid and carbon content in coffee husks waste indicates that it is rich in organic matter and has huge potential to produce biogas. This study investigated the feasibility of coffee husks to produce biomass through anaerobic digestion, based on temperature, initial pH, inoculum/substrate (I/S) ratio and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. The study demonstrated that the maximum production of biogas and methane reached 3359.6 ml and 2127.30 ml, respectively, under the conditions of mesophilic temperature (35±1°C), an initial pH of 7, an I/S ratio of 0.75 and a C/N ratio of 30. Based on this result, the effects of trace elements (Fe2+, Ni2+, Co2+) on biogas production and methane content were also explored. Compared with the group with no addition of trace elements, the experiment adding trace elements had significant enhancement effects on the production of biogas and methane, in which Fe2+ played a leading role ( p<0.05). Fe2+ promoted the hydrolysis and acidification of coffee husks, resulting in the production of a series of intermediates such as volatile fatty acids and the other kinds of dissolved organic matter. Furthermore, the cooperation of Ni2+, Co2+ and Fe2+ enhanced the activity of the enzyme system in methanogens, promoting methane production. The results in this paper show that coffee husks have clear biogas potential through anaerobic digestion, and its effective utilization could fulfill the dual purpose of solid waste reclamation and local environmental protection in Ethiopia.

Synergistic effect of co-digestion to enhance anaerobic degradation of catering waste and orange peel for biogas production

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 967-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzammil Anjum ◽  
Azeem Khalid ◽  
Samia Qadeer ◽  
Rashid Miandad
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Orange Peel Waste ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand

Catering waste and orange peel were co-digested using an anaerobic digestion process. Orange peel is difficult to degrade anaerobically due to the presence of antimicrobial agents such as limonene. The present study aimed to examine the feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of catering waste with orange peel to provide the optimum nutrient balance with reduced inhibitory effects of orange peel. Batch experiments were conducted using catering waste as a potential substrate mixed in varying ratios (20–50%) with orange peel. Similar ratios were followed using green vegetable waste as co-substrate. The results showed that the highest organic matter degradation (49%) was achieved with co-digestion of catering waste and orange peel at a 50% mixing ratio (CF4). Similarly, the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) was increased by 51% and reached its maximum value (9040 mg l-1) due to conversion of organic matter from insoluble to soluble form. Biogas production was increased by 1.5 times in CF4 where accumulative biogas was 89.61 m3 t-1substrate compared with 57.35 m3 t-1substrate in the control after 80 days. The main reason behind the improved biogas production and degradation is the dilution of inhibitory factors (limonene), with subsequent provision of balanced nutrients in the co-digestion system. The tCOD of the final digestate was decreased by 79.9% in CF4, which was quite high as compared with 68.3% for the control. Overall, this study revealed that orange peel waste is a highly feasible co-substrate for anaerobic digestion with catering waste for enhanced biogas production.

scholarly journals On the Spent Coffee Grounds Biogas Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Tomáš Koutný ◽  
Martin Šotnar ◽  
Jan Chovanec
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Input Material ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
The World

Due to the strict legislation currently in use for landfilling, anaerobic digestion has a strong potential as an alternative treatment for biodegradable waste. Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world and spent coffee grounds (SCG) are generated in a considerable amount as a processing waste during making the coffee beverage. Chemical composition of SCG, presence of polysaccharides, proteins, and minerals makes from the SCG substrates with high biotechnological value, which might be used as valuable input material in fermentation process. The methane production ranged from 0.271–0.325 m3/kg dry organic matter.

scholarly journals Production of Biogas from Cattle Paunch Manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mona Khidir Mohammed ◽  
G. A. Gasmelseed ◽  
Mohammed H. Abuuznien
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Concentration ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Control Units

Slaughter house waste contains high levels of organic matter and pollutants. These pollutants can affect the ecosystem and public health negatively, to minimize the effects of these pollutants many treatments are used, one of these is biological treatment methods.  In this study potential of biogas production from cattle paunch manure (stomach digestion content) was investigated using a batch process laboratory scale of liters digester size. Three replicate of total solid concentration of (5%, 7%) of cattle paunch manure were mixed with (10%v/v) inoculums with control units for each concentrations at room temperature. The total amount of biogas produced   after 49 days of experiments were, 12.678 L, 11.544 L, 8.154 and 5.724 L for,  7% ,5% TS seeded sample, 7%  and 5% total solid control  respectively.

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