scholarly journals Contemporary Water Management Issues in Thailand in Comparative Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 218-228
Author(s):  
Alin Chintraruck
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Management Issues

Water management is a complex and multifarious issue that joins together a wide range of different problems and approaches. Since water is essential to human life, governments must make efforts to ensure that everyone receives the water necessary but, at the same time, they have to wrestle with the fact that water is a scarce resource that must be priced for consumption under conditions of constantly increasing demand from cities, industry, agriculture and tourism. Examination of three case studies, Australia, Singapore and Japan, indicates that contemporary water management issue may be considered in a number of categories and analysis has taken place on four such categories. These are global climate change, disaster mitigation, political and legal modernization and allocation of water resources. The case studies inform the discussion of water management practices and prospects for Thailand and it is shown that the country is progressing towards the examples represented by the more developed and advanced countries insofar as it is ever possible to import a water management solution into the very specific geographical, hydrological, social, political and cultural conditions in effect in a specific location.

scholarly journals Applying Nitrogen Site-Specifically Using Soil Electrical Conductivity Maps and Precision Agriculture Technology

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 767-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.D. Lund ◽  
M.C. Wolcott ◽  
G.P. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Variable Yield ◽  
Wide Range

Soil texture varies significantly within many agricultural fields. The physical properties of soil, such as soil texture, have a direct effect on water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, crop yield, production capability, and nitrogen (N) loss variations within a field. In short, mobile nutrients are used, lost, and stored differently as soil textures vary. A uniform application of N to varying soils results in a wide range of N availability to the crop. N applied in excess of crop usage results in a waste of the grower’s input expense, a potential negative effect on the environment, and in some crops a reduction of crop quality, yield, and harvestability. Inadequate N levels represent a lost opportunity for crop yield and profit. The global positioning system (GPS)-referenced mapping of bulk soil electrical conductivity (EC) has been shown to serve as an effective proxy for soil texture and other soil properties. Soils with a high clay content conduct more electricity than coarser textured soils, which results in higher EC values. This paper will describe the EC mapping process and provide case studies of site-specific N applications based on EC maps. Results of these case studies suggest that N can be managed site-specifically using a variety of management practices, including soil sampling, variable yield goals, and cropping history.

Nature-based solutions for urban resilience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Kalantari ◽  
Andrea Gadnert ◽  
Carla Sofia Santos Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Global Population

<p>Nature-based solutions have the potential to provide a wide range of essential ecosystem services as well as water management goals. As the majority of the global population lives in cities, NBS for addressing water management in urban areas is of great importance. Despite the recent advances and growing experiences with the implementation of NBS, there is still below 1% of the total investment in water resource management infrastructure that is dedicated to NBS in urban areas? One of the current obstacles for implementation is the lack of knowledge, data and information about the design and implementation of NBS for water management. Although there has been a growing interest in NBS in recent years, there are still a large need for a comprehensive evidence based on the effectiveness of NBS. Therefore, there is also a need for monitoring both the process of implementing NBS as well as the outcomes, including the final benefits of the NBS<strong>, </strong>how the NBS is perceived and how it responds to the challenge for which it was implemented.  The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of nature-based solutions (NBS) for urban resilience in particular for water management in different climate zones, focusing on cities that have worked or are planning to work extensively with NBS. This study explores which opportunities and barriers current regulatory frameworks and management practices imply and how the former can be reaped and the latter overcome, for implementation of effective NBS. The study focuses on the analysis of available data bases of NBS in different cities This study also creates an inventory of indicators used to assess the NBS effectiveness, covering a range of social, economic and technical aspects.</p>

scholarly journals Western Capitalism and Eastern Exoticism: Orientalism in Edward Said's Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Maraden Parlindungan Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Postmodern Thought

<p>Postmodernism fundamentally supersedes the ideas of modern ages that base their perspective on rationality and objectivity into postmodern thought that aimed at improving awareness of the reality in human life. It is aimed at improving  social or cultural conditions or circumstances and to build the forms of awareness about realities that occur in human life in all spheres of life. This conception ultimately awakens Edward Said to a social phenomenon associated with the Western (colonialist) and Eastern (orientalist). Through his writing entitled Orientalism, Edward Said links Western responses and worldviews (Orient) which are always based on the nature of preconceived and stereotyped. In this paper, the author will firstly reveal the thoughts of postmodernism and then associate them with the concept of Orientalism. At the end of this paper, the authors will conduct case studies on two texts that are considered to reflect the issues of orientalism.</p><p><em> </em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> postmodernism, orientalism, Edward Said</em>

The Politics of International Freshwater Resources

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bernauer ◽  
Anna Kalbhenn
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Freshwater Resources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
International Water

Freshwater is one of the most valuable natural resources on Earth. However, many of the more easily accessible freshwater resources at local and regional levels have suffered from overexploitation due to increasing population density, economic activity, and unsustainable water management practices. Sustainable management of domestic water resources is a challenging task mainly due to water allocation, pollution, and other problems on international rivers. Social science research has contributed in a variety of ways to identifying sources of international conflict and cooperation, water management options, and institutional solutions for achieving sustainable international water management. The scholarly literature has tackled a wide range of crucial questions arising from the politics of international freshwater resources, such as: whether there is sufficient evidence for the “water wars” claim—that is, whether water-related factors influence the probability of armed conflict; the determinants of international river basin cooperation, in terms of policy output and policy outcome or impact; how we can determine whether international water management efforts are successful in terms of solving problems that motivate cooperation; and the extent to which the literature offer insights into institutional design options that are effective in terms of problem solving. These studies have produced a considerable amount of policy-relevant analytical concepts and empirical findings. For example, fairness (equity) is one of the key concerns of all governments when they engage in international water cooperation, and integrated water resources management may look nice on paper but does usually not produce the desired results.

The Chemistry of Soils

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrison Sposito
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Vegetation Canopy ◽  
Soil Functions ◽  
Chemical Behavior ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into

The second edition of The Chemistry of Soils, published in 2008, has been used as a main text in soil-science courses across the world, and the book is widely cited as a reference for researchers in geoscience, agriculture, and ecology. The book introduces soil into its context within geoscience and chemistry, addresses the effects of global climate change on soil, and provides insight into the chemical behavior of pollutants in soils. Since 2008, the field of soil science has developed in three key ways that Sposito addresses in this third edition. For one, research related to the Critical Zone (the material extending downward from vegetation canopy to groundwater) has undergone widespread reorganization as it becomes better understood as a key resource to human life. Secondly, scientists have greatly increased their understanding of how organic matter in soil functions in chemical reactions. Finally, the study of microorganisms as they relate to soil science has significantly expanded. The new edition is still be comprised of twelve chapters, introducing students to the principal components of soil, discussing a wide range of chemical reactions, and surveying important human applications. The chapters also contain completely revised annotated reading lists and problem sets.

scholarly journals Natural Resource Management and Nation Building in Pakistan: Agro-Commercialization in Tehsils of Colonial District Multan, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Abida Kausar Chuadhary
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Conjunctive Water Management ◽  
Archival Documentation

Nation-building refers to the process of constructing or structuring a national identity using the power of the state. Natural resources and technologies associated with it and their use have been an integral part of human life, as old as civilization. The land formed the main ingredients of a natural resource. Pakistan is fortunate because its soils, topography and climate are generally suitable for farming, but its agriculture sectors face the problem of scarcity of water in regions like Multan. The development of irrigation resources was, therefore, one of the major concerns of the Governments who ruled the region. Like other Punjab districts, Multan witnessed the commercialization of agro products and the growth of market towns following the extension of irrigation and communication facilities. However, it was immensely transformed by the Sidhnai Canal Colony system. This paper also attempts to analyze the economics of conjunctive water management practices in Tehsils of Colonial Multan. This research is based on original non published official reports from Punjab Civil Secretariat Lahore and British Indian Library London. The paper is mainly based on archival documentation, settlement and assessment reports and gazetteers.

Economic benefits of variable rate technology: case studies from Australian grain farms

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Robertson ◽  
Peter Carberry ◽  
Lisa Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Capital Outlay ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Initial Capital ◽  
Variable Rate Technology ◽  
Wide Range

In this study we attempt to quantify the economic benefits of the adoption of variable rate application of fertiliser on six case study farms from the Australian wheatbelt. The farm case studies covered a range of agro-climatic regions (Mediterranean, uniform, and summer-dominant rainfall patterns), cropping systems (wheat–lupin, wheat–canola, and winter and summer crops), farm sizes (1250–5800 ha cropping program), soil types (shallow gravels to deep cracking clays), and production levels (average wheat yields from 1.8 to 3.5 t/ha). The farmers had been practising some form of variable rate technology (VRT) management of fertiliser for 2–10 years. Capital investment in VRT equipment ranged from $37 000 to $73 000, which is at the medium to high end of investment for Australian farmers, and when expressed as investment per cropped hectare it varied from $11 to $30/ha. All farmers were able to quantify benefits of VRT, ranging from $1 to $22/ha across the six farms, and a break-even analysis showed that the initial capital outlay was recovered within 2–5 years. On a per paddock basis, benefits ranged from –$28 to +$57/ha.year, and reasons for this wide range could be explained by fertiliser management practices and the degree of within-paddock yield variation. Where VRT benefits were able to be estimated across a run of seasons for a given paddock, it was noticeable that benefits, albeit diminished, still occurred in below-average yielding years. This suggests that, once zones have been defined, benefits from VRT will occur in most seasons. This study demonstrates that the participating Australian grain growers have adopted VRT systems that are profitable and recover the initial capital outlay within a few years. The use of, and benefits from, VRT technology vary farm to farm, in line with farmer preferences and circumstances.

Impression management and legitimacy strategies: The BP case

2013 ◽  
pp. 35-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Michelon
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
British Petroleum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Disclosure Tone ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
A Company ◽  
Texas City

The aim of this paper is to study if and how impression management varies during different phases of the legitimation process, in particular during the legitimacy building and legitimacy repairing phases (Suchman, 1995). We aim at understanding whether and how the disclosure tone adopted by a company in the two different moments is diverse and thus functional to the intrinsic objective of the each phase. The empirical analysis focuses on the case of British Petroleum Plc. We investigated the impression management practices undertaken by the company both during the preparation of the rebranding operation, i.e. a situation in which the company is trying to build legitimacy; and during the happenings of two legitimacy crises, like the explosion of the refinery in Texas City and the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The evidence appears in line with the theoretical prediction of legitimacy theory. Results show that while the company tends to privilege image enhancement techniques during the legitimacy-building phase, it uses more obfuscation techniques when managing a legitimacy-repairing process. Moreover, the analysis suggests that the company makes more extensive use of impression management techniques in the disclosures addressed to shareholders, investors and other market operators than in the disclosures addressed to the wide range of other stakeholders.

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