scholarly journals Review: current trends in oat protein recovery and utilization in aqueous food systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Sargautis ◽  
◽  
Tatjana Kince ◽  
Vanda Sargautiene ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Protein Isolation ◽  
Dry Fractionation ◽  
Isolation Methods

Oat protein itself, as a substance, has extensively been studied providing information on its nutritional value, some functional properties and possible applicability in food systems. Chosen protein isolation methods and technological aspects define final composition of obtained oat protein product, its concentration, nutrition value and its functionality in food industry. Scientific data on oat protein recovery methods, typically relying on protein solubility or dry fractionation, provides an insufficient knowledge about the success in commercialization of oat protein recovery technologies and their derivatives in form of oat protein. The aim of the study was to analyse and summarize the research findings on oat protein extraction methods and functional properties of oat protein. Semi-systematic, monographic methods were used to analyse the oat protein isolation techniques, functional properties of oat protein in aqueous food systems, covering the latest information on oat protein extraction methods. Wet and dry isolation methods were demonstrated as main methods in oat protein extraction. Functional properties of oat protein, such as thermal stability, solubility, emulsification, water hydration capacity and foaming were reviewed and evaluated, identifying limitations and protein alterations which occur through the oat protein extraction process. The study provides recent trends in oat protein recovery technologies, along with an overview of current and potential oat protein utilization in food systems.

scholarly journals Functional properties of protein isolates from camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) and flixweed (sophia, Descurainis sophia L.) seed meals

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Thi Ty Ngo ◽  
Fereidoon Shahidi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Water Holding

AbstractCamelina and flixweed (sophia) seed protein isolates were prepared using both the conventional extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods at 40 kHz for 20 min, and their functional properties investigated. SDS-PAGE showed that both ultrasound-assisted and conventional extractions resulted in a similar protein profile of the extract. The application of ultrasound significantly improved protein extraction/content and functional properties (water holding capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsifying foaming properties, and protein solubility) of camelina protein isolate and sophia protein isolate. The water-holding and oil absorption capacities of sophia protein isolate were markedly higher than those of camelina protein isolate. These results suggest that camelina protein isolate and sophia protein isolate may serve as natural functional ingredients in the food industry. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Optimization of Protein Isolation and Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis in Four Different Tissues of Korean Ginseng

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
Truong Van Nguyen ◽  
So-Wun Kim ◽  
Cheol-Woo Min ◽  
Ravi Gupta ◽  
Gi-Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Protein Isolation ◽  
Mva Pathway ◽  
Ginsenoside Biosynthesis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proteomics Approach ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
Korean Ginseng

Korean ginseng is one of the most valuable medicinal plants worldwide. However, our understanding of ginseng proteomics is largely limited due to difficulties in the extraction and resolution of ginseng proteins because of the presence of natural contaminants such as polysaccharides, phenols, and glycosides. Here, we compared four different protein extraction methods, namely, TCA/acetone, TCA/acetone–MeOH/chloroform, phenol–TCA/acetone, and phenol–MeOH/chloroform methods. The TCA/acetone–MeOH/chloroform method displayed the highest extraction efficiency, and thus it was used for the comparative proteome profiling of leaf, root, shoot, and fruit by a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. This approach led to the identification of 2604 significantly modulated proteins among four tissues. We could pinpoint differential pathways and proteins associated with ginsenoside biosynthesis, including the methylerythritol 4–phosphate (MEP) pathway, the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and oxidoreductases (CYP450s). The current study reports an efficient and reproducible method for the isolation of proteins from a wide range of ginseng tissues and provides a detailed organ-based proteome map and a more comprehensive view of enzymatic alterations in ginsenoside biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Structural and Functional Properties of Membrane-Isolated and Isoelectric pH Precipitated Green Lentil Seed Protein Isolates

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Etinosa C. Osemwota ◽  
Adeola M. Alashi ◽  
Rotimi E. Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Lentil Flour ◽  
Droplet Sizes ◽  
Isoelectric Ph

The demand for isolated seed proteins continues to increase but functionality in food systems can be greatly dependent on the extraction method. In this work, we report the physicochemical and functional properties of lentil seed proteins isolated using various protocols. Lentil flour was defatted followed by protein extraction using isoelectric pH precipitation (ISO) as well as NaOH (MEM_NaOH) and NaCl (MEM_NaCl) extractions coupled with membrane ultrafiltration. The MEM_NaCl had significantly (p < 0.05) higher protein content (90.28%) than the ISO (86.13%) and MEM_NaOH (82.55%). At pH 3–5, the ISO was less soluble (2.26–11.84%) when compared to the MEM_NaOH (25.74–27.22%) and MEM_NaCl (27.78–40.98%). However, the ISO had higher yield and protein digestibility (48.45% and 89.82%) than MEM_NaOH (35.05% and 77.87%) and MEM_NaCl (13.35% and 77.61%), respectively. Near-UV circular dichroism spectra showed that the MEM_NaOH had loose tertiary conformation at pH 3, 5, 7 and 9 while ISO and MEM_NaCl had more compact structures at pH 7 and 9. The three protein isolates formed better emulsions (lower oil droplet sizes) at pH 7 and 9 when compared to pH 3 and 5. In contrast, foaming capacity was better at pH 5 than pH 3, 7, and 9.

scholarly journals Biorefinery of Rubber Seed Kernels for Comprehensive Utilisation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Yang ◽  
Wenlei Zhu ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization

Abstract Rubber seeds are a by-product of rubber production that is rich in oil and protein. Upgrading of rubber seeds to produce proteins, oils and feedstock can generate additional revenue for rubber production and reduce waste. The present study investigates the effects of different pre-treatments and extraction methods to determine the optimal methods to produce oil and protein from rubber seed kernels. Mechanical expulsion using a screw press and solvent extraction using n-hexane were employed for oil separation. The highest oil recovery efficiency of 95% was obtained using rubber seed meal that was pre-dried at 105 ℃. The sequential water-alkaline treatment was ideal for achieving high protein recovery while reducing the protein denaturation that can result from high operating temperatures and organic solvent contact. Over 90% of the total protein from rubber seed kernels could be recovered. Separating oil from kernels using hexane followed by protein extraction from the meals by enzymatic treatment provides a suitable method for comprehensive utilization of rubber seeds.

Extraction of bioactive proteins from seeds (corn, sorghum, and sunflower) and sunflower byproduct: enzymatic hydrolysis and antioxidant properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Maria Fernandes do Prado ◽  
Adrielle Borges de Almeida ◽  
Josemar Gonçalves Oliveira Filho ◽  
Cassia Cristina Fernandes Alves ◽  
Mariana Buranelo Egea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity

Background: Food proteins have benefits for human health, which justifies their production and use. In this context, we highlight the use of seeds and byproduct that would be otherwise discarded to produce protein extracts and hydrolyzed proteins generating opportunities to reduce environmental impacts Objective: This work aimed to use different extraction methods to obtain protein extracts from seeds (corn, sorghum, sunflower) and sunflower byproduct to determine their antioxidant activity, and apply different proteolytic enzymes in the hydrolysis of sunflower byproduct Method: The seeds of corn, sorghum, and sunflower, and sunflower byproduct were ground to produce flour and the protein extracts were prepared using five different methods. The bioactivity of fractions was analyzed by different methods (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP) to evaluate antioxidant activity Results: The most effective methods, which resulted in higher protein extraction and antioxidant activity, were those in which NH4HCO3 (5 mM, pH 8.0) and H2O/C2H6O (2:3) were used in the extraction. The highest protein contents were 797.9, 303.8, and 11296.5 μg/g, and the highest antioxidant activity was 34417.5, 9732.6, and 47473.1 μg TE/g from Soxhlet and Bligh and Dyer defatted extractions for sunflower seed, and sunflower byproduct, respectively. Regarding enzymatic hydrolysis, sunflower byproduct was the substrate that presented the highest degree of hydrolysis (11.06%) when Neutrase® enzyme was used. Enzymatic hydrolysis increased antioxidant activity in the hydrolyzed proteins, approximately 20.0% using Neutrase® and 22.3% using Flavourzyme® treatments. Conclusion: The protein extracts and the hydrolyzed proteins exhibited high antioxidant activity, demonstrating great potential for use as natural antioxidants in food systems

scholarly journals Small Protein Enrichment Improves Proteomics Detection of sORF Encoded Polypeptides

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Fijalkowski ◽  
Marlies K. R. Peeters ◽  
Petra Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ribosome Profiling ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Small Proteins ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Small Open Reading Frames

With the rapid growth in the number of sequenced genomes, genome annotation efforts became almost exclusively reliant on automated pipelines. Despite their unquestionable utility, these methods have been shown to underestimate the true complexity of the studied genomes, with small open reading frames (sORFs; ORFs typically considered shorter than 300 nucleotides) and, in consequence, their protein products (sORF encoded polypeptides or SEPs) being the primary example of a poorly annotated and highly underexplored class of genomic elements. With the advent of advanced translatomics such as ribosome profiling, reannotation efforts have progressed a great deal in providing translation evidence for numerous, previously unannotated sORFs. However, proteomics validation of these riboproteogenomics discoveries remains challenging due to their short length and often highly variable physiochemical properties. In this work we evaluate and compare tailored, yet easily adaptable, protein extraction methodologies for their efficacy in the extraction and concomitantly proteomics detection of SEPs expressed in the prokaryotic model pathogen Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). Further, an optimized protocol for the enrichment and efficient detection of SEPs making use of the of amphipathic polymer amphipol A8-35 and relying on differential peptide vs. protein solubility was developed and compared with global extraction methods making use of chaotropic agents. Given the versatile biological functions SEPs have been shown to exert, this work provides an accessible protocol for proteomics exploration of this fascinating class of small proteins.

scholarly journals Biorefinery methods for extraction of oil and protein from rubber seed

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Yang ◽  
Wenlei Zhu ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization

AbstractRubber seeds are a by-product of rubber production and are rich in oil and protein. Upgrading of rubber seeds to produce proteins, oils and feedstock can generate additional revenue for rubber production and reduce waste. The present study investigates the effects of different pre-treatments and extraction methods to determine the optimal methods to produce oil and protein from rubber seed kernels. Mechanical expulsion using a screw press and solvent extraction using n-hexane were employed for oil separation. The highest oil recovery efficiency of 95.12% was obtained using rubber seed meal that was pre-dried at 105 ℃. The sequential water–alkaline treatment was ideal for achieving high protein recovery while reducing the protein denaturation that can result from high operating temperatures and organic solvent contact. Over 90% of the total protein from rubber seed kernels could be recovered. Separating oil from kernels using hexane followed by protein extraction from the meals by enzymatic treatment provides a suitable method for comprehensive utilization of rubber seeds.

scholarly journals Bone protein “extractomics”: comparing the efficiency of bone protein extractions ofGallus gallusin tandem mass spectrometry, with an eye towards paleoproteomics

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena R. Schroeter ◽  
Caroline J. DeHart ◽  
Mary H. Schweitzer ◽  
Paul M. Thomas ◽  
Neil L. Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Sequence Coverage ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Bone Proteins ◽  
Extraction Buffer

Proteomic studies of bone require specialized extraction protocols to demineralize and solubilize proteins from within the bone matrix. Although various protocols exist for bone protein recovery, little is known about how discrete steps in each protocol affect the subset of the bone proteome recovered by mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. Characterizing these different “extractomes” will provide critical data for development of novel and more efficient protein extraction methodologies for fossils. Here, we analyze 22 unique sub-extractions of chicken bone and directly compare individual extraction components for their total protein yield and diversity and coverage of bone proteins identified by MS. We extracted proteins using different combinations and ratios of demineralizing reagents, protein-solubilizing reagents, and post-extraction buffer removal methods, then evaluated tryptic digests from 20 µg aliquots of each fraction by tandem MS/MS on a 12T FT-ICR mass spectrometer. We compared total numbers of peptide spectral matches, peptides, and proteins identified from each fraction, the redundancy of protein identifications between discrete steps of extraction methods, and the sequence coverage obtained for select, abundant proteins. Although both alpha chains of collagen I (the most abundant protein in bone) were found in all fractions, other collagenous and non-collagenous proteins (e.g., apolipoprotein, osteonectin, hemoglobin) were differentially identified. We found that when a standardized amount of extracted proteins was analyzed, extraction steps that yielded the most protein (by weight) from bone were oftennotthe ones that produced the greatest diversity of bone proteins, or the highest degree of protein coverage. Generally, the highest degrees of diversity and coverage were obtained from demineralization fractions, and the proteins found in the subsequent solubilization fractions were highly redundant with those in the previous fraction. Based on these data, we identify future directions and parameters to consider (e.g., proteins targeted, amount of sample required) when applying discrete parts of these protocols to fossils.

Proximal and Functional Properties of Edible Ripened Split Beans of Coastal Wild Legume Canavalia maritima

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Prabhavathi Supriya ◽  
Kandikere R. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Protein Rich

Background: Utilization of wild legumes has received prime importance in the recent past to compensate the scarcity of protein-rich foods as well as to tackle the protein energy malnutrition. Ripened split beans of Canavalia maritima devoid of seed coat and testa serve as traditional nutraceutical source for the coastal dwellers of Southwest India. Objective: The present study projects proximal and functional attributes of uncooked and cooked ripened split beans of C. maritima to be used in the preparation of functional foods. Methods: Proximal properties (moisture, crude protein, total lipids, crude fibre, carbohydrates and calorific value) and functional properties (protein solubility, gelation capacity, water-absorption, oilabsorption, emulsion qualities and foam qualities) of split beans were evaluated by standard methods. Results: Cooking did not significantly changed the crude protein, total lipids, ash, carbohydrates and calorific value, while it significantly increased the crude fibre. The protein solubility, water-absorption capacity, foam capacity and foam stability were significantly higher in uncooked than cooked beans. The cooked beans were superior to uncooked beans in least gelation concentration, low oil-absorption capacity, emulsion activity and emulsion stability. Conclusion: The functional properties of split bean flours were influenced by the proximal components like crude protein, total lipids and crude fibre. The energy-rich ripened split beans of C. maritima can serve as a new potential source for production of value added functional foods owing to their rich protein, rich carbohydrates, low-lipid and potential bioactive attributes.

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