scholarly journals Establishment and confirmation of heterotic groups and genetic diversity assessment of maize inbred lines using microsatellite data

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076
Author(s):  
Ana Nikolic ◽  
Jelena Bogosavljevic ◽  
Zoran Camdzija ◽  
Milomir Filipovic ◽  
Dragan Kovacevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Maize Inbreds

Twenty-seven maize inbreds (12 commercial and 15 developing lines) from Maize Research Institute breeding program were subjected to microsatelite analysis. The aim was genetic diversity determination, establishing relationships among tested lines and assigning them to heterotic groups according to molecular marker data. Number of alelles detected was 97, with an average of 3.23. Major allele frequency was in a range from 0.33 to 0.82 (average 0.55). The highest value for observed heterozygosity was 10% for several developing lines. Mean values for gene diversity and PIC were 0.56 and 0.48, respectively. Frequency-based distances were calculated using Roger?s coefficient and average value of 0.57 indicates high genetic diversity in analyzed maize inbreds. Distance matrices were subjected to cluster analysis and PCA. Multivariate analysis methods showed considerable concurrency with pedigree data. Results of analysis with 30 microsatellite markers could be useful for defining/redefining heterotic groups but should be complemented with field testing data.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Marker-Trait Associations Using Selected Early Maize Inbreds Derived From Local Landraces of Eastern Himalayan Regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lamalakshmi Devi ◽  
Umakanta Ngangkham ◽  
Akoijam Ratankumar Singh ◽  
Bhuvaneswari S ◽  
Konsam Sarika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maize Inbreds ◽  
High Level ◽  
Trait Associations

Abstract North- Eastern parts of India fall under Eastern Himalayan region and it is a diversity hotspot of many crops including maize. Evaluation of genetic diversity is required to tape the potentiality of genetic resources in any crop improvement programmes. In the present study, genetic diversity at fifty two microsatellite markers were conducted in 30 early maize inbreds developed from local landraces of NE India. Genetic diversity analysis revealed a total of 189 alleles with a mean of 3.63 alleles/ locus. The allele size ranged from 50 bp (phi 036) to 295 bp (p 101049) which revealed a high level of genetic diversity among the loci. The PIC among the 30 genotypes ranged from 0.17 (umc 1622) to 0.76 (umc 1153) with an average value of 0.49. The value of Expected Heterozygosity (HExp) ranged from 0.19 to 0.80 with an average of 0.57, whereas the Observed Heterozygosity (HObs) ranged from 0 to 0.89 with a mean of 0.14.The genetic dissimilarity between the genotype pairs ranged from 0.40 to 0.64 with a mean value of 0.57. Cluster analysis grouped the 30 inbreds into distinct three sub-clusters. Similarly, population structure and principal coordinate analysis) analysis also classified the 30 inbred lines into three-subpopulations. AMOVA revealed that 6% of total variance is due to differences among populations, while 94% of total molecular variance is accounted by within populations. Marker-trait associations showed a total of twelve SSR markers significantly associated with seven agronomic traits. From the present finding, these results show that the thirty maize inbreds have high genetic diversity which would be useful for choosing promising parents and for making cross combination based on genetic distance and clustering for genetic improvement programmes of maize.

scholarly journals Diversity assessment among native Middle Egypt rabbit populations in North Upper-Egypt province by microsatellite polymorphism

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Emam ◽  
A.A.A. Azoz ◽  
G.M.K. Mehaisen ◽  
N. Ferrand ◽  
N.A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Microsatellite Polymorphism ◽  
Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
The Mean

<p>Safeguarding biodiversity is an important goal for animal production in developed countries. This study investigated genetic diversity among native Middle-Egypt rabbit (NMER) populations in North Upper-Egypt province by using microsatellite polymorphism. Nineteen microsatellite loci were used in the study and an area of 231 km was surveyed, as native rabbits covered 14 points belonging to four Northern Upper Egypt governorates (South Giza, Fayoum, Beni Suef and Minya). Standard statistical parameters of genetic variability within and between populations confirmed that the highest genetic diversity was found towards the south. Among NMER populations, the mean number of alleles per locus was lowest in South Giza (5.32), while it was highest in Minya (6.00). This study found that NMER featured a high number of private alleles ranging between 7 and 11 (mean value was 10.5). Results also showed a high genetic diversity in NMER populations and that heterozygosity ranged between 0.384 and 0.445, strongly indicating extensive genetic variation in the NMER populations. The mean values of observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.405 and 0.612, respectively. Factorial correspondence analysis and neighbour joining trees (NJ) showed 2 main NMER rabbit groups: the Northern group (South Giza and Fayoum) and the Southern group (Beni Suef and Minya). All populations showed a high percentage of assignment in this study (0.913 to 0.946). The structure analysis showed that each population existed in separate clusters. This research provides an overview of genetic diversity of NMER populations in the Northern Upper Egypt province for the first time. In conclusion, results of this study could be used to designate priorities for conservation of NMER populations.</p>

Genetic Divergence among Populations of Invasive Alien Species Lantana camara L. from Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
SAILA KABIR ◽  
MD ABUL KASHEM ◽  
MOHAMMAD ZABED HOSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Genetic Clustering

Lantana camara L., a well-known invasive alien species causing invasion and posing threat to native plant species community in different regions of Bangladesh. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of L. camara populations in different regions of Bangladesh. Eight RAPD markers were used in order to probe into its genetic variability. Total number of bands (202), polymorphic loci (104), per-centage of polymorphism (97.20%), average Shanon’s information index (0.3051±0.115), Nei’s gene diversity (0.4733±0.144) was found and in different populations and multiple divergent genetic clustering along with presence of unique alleles (4) for RAPD revealed high genetic diversity among the populations of L. camara in different regions of Bangladesh.

Genetic Diversity among Calamus brandisii Becc. (Arecaceae) Populations in Kerala Part of Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Kavungal Priya ◽  
◽  
Indira . ◽  
Vadakkethil Balakrishnan Sreekumar ◽  
Renuka . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Two Populations

Calamus brandisii Becc. is one of the endemic slender rattans found in the Western Ghats of India. The genetic diversity of two main populations available in Kerala was investigated using 20 RAPD and 9 ISSR markers. Two parameters viz., gene diversity and genetic diversity within and among populations were analyzed. ISSR analysis showed quite high genetic diversity in Pandimotta compared to Bonacaud population whereas in RAPD markers both these populations were moderately diverse. The percentage of total genetic differentiation (Gst) among two populations is relatively higher than the mean Gst value indicating high genetic diversity within the populations. The genetic distance between these two populations was 0.1739 with ISSR markers and 0.1971 with RAPD markers. Because of its high genetic diversity, Pandimotta population can be treated as an important population of gene diversity with potentially useful genes. This may be included in the high priority reservoir for genetic conservation also.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity assessment in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) collection using AFLP, ISSR and SSR markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Havlíčková ◽  
E. Jozová ◽  
A. Rychlá ◽  
M. Klíma ◽  
V. Kučera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The genetic diversity of 94 accessions of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), representing past and contemporary material utilized in the Czech breeding programmes, was determined using microsatellites (SSRs), ISSRs and AFLPs. All three kinds of markers differed in the range of observed polymorphism and differentiated clearly each accession. Altogether 89 SSR, 1003 AFLP and 53 ISSR markers were evaluated. Their average rates of polymorphic bands were 100%, 53.9% and 90.6%, respectively, indicating high genetic diversity among the accessions. The greatest genetic distance was found by ISSRs (62.3%) whereas significantly lower distances of 49.4% in SSRs and 35.5% in AFLPs were observed. The genetic similarity matrix clearly distinguished all accessions. A set of the most distinct varieties was established. The analysis of the genetic pattern of the accessions indicated two groups comprising most of the modern Czech breeding materials, revealing a distinct shift in breeding. Surprisingly, molecular analyses did not support&nbsp; breeders&rsquo; views about a narrow genetic base of the Czech breeding materials. The choice of appropriate technology for different aspects of germplasm evaluation is also discussed.

scholarly journals Development of Microsatellite Markers Derived from Expressed Sequence Tags of Polyporales for Genetic Diversity Analysis of EndangeredPolyporus umbellatus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejin Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Ruihong Wang ◽  
Ailin Zeng ◽  
Michael K. Deyholos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Polyporus Umbellatus ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Expressed Sequence

A large scale of EST sequences of Polyporales was screened in this investigation in order to identify EST-SSR markers for various applications. The distribution of EST sequences and SSRs in five families of Polyporales was analyzed, respectively. Mononucleotide was the most abundant type, followed by trinucleotide. Among five families, Ganodermataceae occupied the most SSR markers, followed by Coriolaceae. Functional prediction of SSR marker-containing EST sequences inGanoderma lucidumobtained three main groups, namely, cellular component, biological process, and molecular function. Thirty EST-SSR primers were designed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 13 naturalPolyporus umbellatusaccessions. Twenty one EST-SSRs were polymorphic with average PIC value of 0.33 and transferability rate of 71%. These 13P.umbellatusaccessions showed relatively high genetic diversity. The expected heterozygosity, Nei’s gene diversity, and Shannon information index were 0.41, 0.39, and 0.57, respectively. Both UPGMA dendrogram and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) showed the same cluster result that divided the 13 accessions into three or four groups.

scholarly journals Different Methods for Detecting Heterotic Groups in Maize

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. El-Rouby Mohammed M. El-Rouby
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Agronomic Character ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Maize Inbreds ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Simple Sequence

Comparing between different methods for classifying 12 maize inbred lines to heterotic groups was achieved using general and specific combining ability effects; agronomic traits to the maize inbreds per se; and ISSR-markers. The results of line-tester design showed that Giza656 lines had the highest yield for the cross with Gemmiza 1021 tester (7.20 ton per hectare) at Nubaria, while Giza655 lines had the highest yield for the cross with Gemmiza 1021 tester (8.24 ton per hectare) at Gemmiza. Regarding Heterotic specific and General Combining Abilities, the inbred lines were grouped into three groups as their testers were, but groups differed from Nubaria to Gemmiza locations. The classification due to Inter Simple Sequence Repeats markers have agreement with pedigree data more than the HSGCA and agronomic characters, because the HSGCA method affected by testers, lines, environments, and the interactions between all of them, also, agronomic character method need to plant the inbreds and evaluate them at more locations and more seasons .Furthermore, all these cautions will not discard the environmental effects but they will reduce it to the minimum values. On the other hand, molecular marker will keep time and efforts needed to evaluate the inbred lines.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity among Indian and Exotic Genotypes of Brassica juncea using Phenotypic Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek K. Singh ◽  
Ram Avtar ◽  
Mahavir . ◽  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
Manjeet . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dissimilarity Coefficients

Background: Rapeseed-mustard is one of the most important oilseed crops in India, however, its genetic diversity is barely known. A better understanding on this topic is essential for the proper utilization of genotypes in crop improvement. Methods: Present study was carried out to determine the genetic diversity among 95 diverse genotypes of Brassica juncea (L.) in paired rows of 4 m length with a spacing of 30 x 10-15 cm (row × plant). Data were recorded on 11 different agro-morphological characters. Result: All the 95 genotypes were grouped into five distinct clusters based on Manhattan dissimilarity coefficients. Amongst the five clusters, cluster V and IV had the maximum number of genotypes (35 and 23 genotypes respectively) and cluster II with least number of genotypes (three). The Manhattan dissimilarity coefficients ranged from 0.741 to 8.299. Based on the genetic dissimilarity matrix, the maximum dissimilarity (8.299) was observed between the genotypes, DRMRIJ-15-133 and M 62. Cluster III recorded for medium plant height with medium early maturity and cluster I, had maximum mean values for most of the agro-morphological traits. The present work indicated the presence of high genetic diversity among genotypes, which can be used in future breeding programmes for developing mustard cultivars and germplasm management purposes.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity assessment of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates of patients with tuberculosis in Karaj, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morassa Sadat Farnad ◽  
Hassan Momtaz ◽  
Nader Mosavari ◽  
Yahya Khosravi ◽  
Keyvan Tadayon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Sources Of Infection

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an old issue that is presently measured as a significant challenge. Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has contributed to TB control. The present survey was aimed to assess the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with TB in Karaj, Iran. Methods Seventeen M. tuberculosis isolates from 2012 to 2013 were collected and subjected to an IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP) analysis. Demographically, 6 females and 14 males who had Iranian citizenship were included in this study. Results Sixteen different genetic types were obtained after enzymatic digestion and RFL analysis. Copy numbers of IS6110 in each isolate ranged from 0 to 12. The majority of isolates (66%) harbored copy numbers between 6 and 12. Each isolates harbored 6.9 copies of the IS6110 marker. Nine isolates harbored 10 to 12 copies of the IS6110 marker, 5 isolates harbored 6 to 10 copies, and 2 others harbored copies less than 6. No copy of IS6110 was found among the 4 isolates. No relationship was found between gender and copy numbers. Conclusions The high genetic diversity found amongst the M. tuberculosis isolates maybe show different sources of infection and the importance of reemerging of the TB. However, further surveys should perform to assess other molecular epidemiologic aspects of M. tuberculosis in Iran.

scholarly journals Characterization of Indian Mustard Germplasm on the Basis of Morphological Traits and SSR Markers

2020 ◽  
pp. 300-311
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh Rajpoot ◽  
M. K. Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
R. S. Tomar ◽  
V. S. Kandalkar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
High Degree

The genus Brassica is one of the most important oil seed crops in India with high degree of genetic diversity. In present study, genetic diversity was studied in forty germplasm lines and eight cultivars of Indian mustard using morphological traits and SSR markers. Morphological characters were taken for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), length of main raceme (cm), number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary branches/plant, number of silique per plant, number of seeds per silique, 1000 seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g). Total 50 SSR markers were used for characterization of these lines, out of which 7 SSR markers were highly polymorphic between all the germplasms of mustard. An UPGMA phonogram was constructed for all 48 Germplasms and the similarity coefficient ranged from 0.00 to 0.91. Number of alleles ranged from 3 to 4, genetic diversity ranged from 71% to 65% with average value of 67%, heterozygosity raged from 20 to 10% with average of 12% and PIC value for markers ranged from 0.65 to 0.59 with mean PIC value 0.61. All seven SSR primers showed PIC value above 0.5 (50%) indicating high genetic diversity in the studied plant material.

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