scholarly journals The cultural landscape: From conservation to planning concept

2016 ◽  
pp. 257-278
Author(s):  
Nevena Vasilјevic ◽  
Boris Radic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Landscape Value ◽  
Landscape Character ◽  
Planning Concept

The interpretation of the concept of cultural landscape, as well as the interpretation of the general concept of landscape, depends on the context in which the process takes place. As an antithesis to natural landscape, and as notion of spatial and temporal interaction of man and nature, the cultural landscape is conceptualized in terms of scientific approach. The experiences prove that the traditional dichotomy in defining the landscape value (natural vs. cultural), as well as the aspect of its protection, evolving into a holistic approach, which is promoted in European Landscape Convention, at the beginning of XXI century. In the modern theory and practice of spatial planning and nature protection, the concept of cultural landscape appears as a holistic, multidimensional and multifunctional entity, which, in times of globalization, should be preserved and developed in accordance with its regional and local identity (character). The question is: what kind of methodological approach should be applied in determining the landscape value in the spatial planning and nature conservation? The aim of the research is to explain the evolution of landscape approach form reductionism to holistic problem-oriented transdisciplinary research that allows appropriate evaluation of the cultural landscape potential and its application in the spatial planning concept. At the same time, the aim is to explain the conceptualization of the cultural landscape in terms of the institutional protection of natural and cultural heritage and spatial planning in Serbia. The purpose of this paper is to point to legal instruments of the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia which defining the obligations of determining the landscape character in the planning concept in spatial and urban plans, as well as the re-evaluation of existing values of cultural landscapes. The subject of the paper is theoretical concept of cultural landscape and the character of the cultural landscape Trsic-Tronosa. The value of the landscape character is interpreted and metrically expressed for the purposes of the Study of protection of the landscape of exceptional features Trsic-Tronosa - cultural landscape. At the end, the finding of the presented research confirming the applicability of the methods of landscape characterization in the spatial planning concept.

scholarly journals Small Sacral Architecture and Its Greenery in Lower Spiš Region in Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denisa Halajová ◽  
Attila Tóth ◽  
Peter Halaj
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Historical Legacy ◽  
North East ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Valuable Element ◽  
Landscape Value ◽  
Trade Route

Abstract Small sacral structures are significant elements of Spiš cultural landscapes (North-East Slovakia). This paper presents results of the field mapping of small roadside sacral objects and their greenery along a 66-kilometre long road section connecting North and South of Lower Spiš and the municipalities of Levoča, Spišská Nová Ves, Hnilčík, Mníšek nad Hnilcom, Smolník, and Úhorná. This road was an old trade route and has an important historical legacy in Lower Spiš – a traditional mining cultural landscape with a characteristic hilly topography, wide forest landscapes and rich mining history. The presented mapping was conducted within the research project VEGA 1/0371/18 “SacralArch: Preservation of the Historical Legacy and Architectural Diversity of Small Sacral Structures in Cultural Landscapes of Slovakia“, based on the methodology elaborated by Tóth (2018), which includes localisation, spatial context, technical or health condition and an overall description of the sacral element and the woody plants in its direct surroundings. In total, 13 small roadside sacral objects were mapped, while the most prevailing elements are crosses. The most common cross type is wooden cross without pedestal. The oldest and aesthetically most valuable elements are metal crosses on stone pedestals, made of travertine. The most valuable element is a registered cultural monument – a Baroque roadside chapel of St. John of Nepomuk from 1726 in Smolník. Woody plants accompany only roadside crosses in the study area. The oldest and most significant in terms of landscape value are individuals of small-leaved linden trees (Tilia cordata Mill).

scholarly journals Designing Protected Areas for Social–Ecological Sustainability: Effectiveness of Management Guidelines for Preserving Cultural Landscapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Sarmiento-Mateos ◽  
Cecilia Arnaiz-Schmitz ◽  
Cristina Herrero-Jáuregui ◽  
Francisco D. Pineda ◽  
María F. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Sound Management

Rural cultural landscapes are social–ecological systems that have been shaped by traditional human land uses in a co-evolution process between nature and culture. Protected areas should be an effective way to protect cultural landscapes and support the way of life and the economy of the local population. However, nature conservation policymaking processes and management guidelines frequently do not take culturalness into account. Through a new quantitative approach, this paper analyzes the regulatory framework of two protected areas under different management categories, located in an ancient cultural landscape of the Madrid Region (Central Spain), to identify the similarities in their conservation commitments and the effectiveness of their zoning schemes. The results show some arbitrariness in the design and management of these parks, highlighting the importance of prohibited measures in their zoning schemes that encourage uses and activities more related to naturalness than to culturalness. The recognition of protected areas as cultural landscapes and their management considering both naturalness and culturalness issues are important methods of better achieving sustainable management objectives from a social–ecological approach. This methodological approach has proven useful to unravel various legislative content, and its application on a larger scale could reveal important information for the sound management of protected areas (PAs) in cultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Restoration of Cultural Landscapes in Spatial Planning / Problemy Rewaloryzacji Krajobrazu Kulturowego w Planowaniu Przestrzennym

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Kosieradzka ◽  
Bogna Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscape ◽  
The Creation

Abstract The issue of protection and development of the cultural landscape is an integral part of spatial planning at all levels. Progressing from the nineteenth century, interest in natural and anthropogenic landscape over the years has become the basis for conducting this research and the creation of a series of documents. Their result was to legitimize the principles of protection and landscaping by acts of planning. Advanced action in this area conducted by the European countries are beginning to exert more and more emphasis on setting the protection and development of the cultural landscape as one of the main objectives of planning in Poland.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO INTEGRATE A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS INTO THE DESIGN OF CULTURAL ITINERARIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF AN INTEGRATED PLAN FOR TERRITORY

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
R. Merino del Río ◽  
M. Linares Gómez del Pulgar ◽  
A. Tejedor Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
Landscape Formation

Abstract. The historical concept of heritage, which mostly comprised physical architectural and archaeological evidences, has been extended to the surrounding landscape in the last decades. This tendency has been corroborated by a series of International Charters and the European Landscape Convention of 2000. Landscape, understood as the perceptible part of territory that supports the contingencies throughout history, is subject to protection, management and planning. However, some inherent aspects of territory have been disregarded because of the frantic enlargement of cities throughout the twentieth century at the expense of the rural areas. Territorial heritage, which is fundamental to cultural landscape formation, is currently considered a strategic resource able to guarantee self-sustaining development of peri-urban and rural zones. In many cases, urban investments and planning associated to the enlargement of the metropolitan areas have overlooked this fruitful territorial heritage, making cultural landscapes illegible. This is the case of the cultural landscapes in the buffer zones of the archaeological sites, which are part of a diffuse territorial heritage that requires to be assessed by means of some innovative approaches. Cultural itineraries are presented as a landscape architecture strategy for valorising territorial heritage. Well-targeted design of these itineraries can also contribute to restore the dynamics of cultural landscape formation and to regenerate peri-urban and rural areas by promoting its self-sustaining development. To that end, the conceptualisation and hypotheses posed by some authors of the Società dei Territorialisti/e are used as references. A work methodology to design cultural itineraries is suggested in line with the presumptions of an integrated plan for territory aimed to valorise the territorial heritage. This paper explores in which way a GIS-based analysis can be integrated into the design of a landscape architecture like the cultural itinerary.

scholarly journals New landscape conceptualization as a guideline for spatial development: A case study from Serbian spatial planning practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-213
Author(s):  
Vladimir Pihler ◽  
Nevena Vasiljević ◽  
Dejan Đorđević ◽  
Luka Bajić ◽  
Dragana Dunčić
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Character Assessment ◽  
Landscape Character ◽  
Landscape Units

This paper is focused on clarification of the basic principles for the establishment of an innovative approach in the field of landscape research through its application in spatial planning documents in Ser-bia. The key question is: how the practice of considering landscape character could direct new spatial arrangements, based on the development of strategic spatial planning documents? The paper describes the results of analysis undertaken during the development of the "Spatial plan for a special-purpose area The Cultural Landscape of Sremski Karlovci". The landscape character assessment was the main methodology taken to define value of landscape character as the starting point for defining border of cultural landscape and "representative landscape units", as well as for guiding sustainable land use management which is opposed to the traditional approach of land-use decision making. Based on landscape character value, this research provides the elements for creating a different conceptual framework for spatial planning in Serbia which is one of the most effective model of the implementation of the European Landscape Convention.

scholarly journals Modern transformation of deserted settlements in the Sudetes Mountains, SW Poland

GeoScape ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Latocha
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Tourist Infrastructure

AbstractThe aim of the study was to present and to classify current processes and phenomena which are observed within the depopulated villages in the Kłodzko region in SW Poland, to assess the present conditions, functions and meanings of deserted settlements, and to forecast their potential further transformations. The study was based on diverse cartographic sources, field investigations, inventories and interviews, historical documents and current spatial development plans. The current processes and phenomena occurring in the highly depopulated or deserted villages are spatially very diverse in terms of their types and dynamics. They include: afforestation (re-wilding), return to agricultural use (limitation of the secondary succession), new houses or the renovation of the old ones, partial restoration of the sacral landscape, large-scale tourist infrastructure and educational initiatives (educational trails, eco-museums, information boards). However, some areas remain forgotten and neglected. These processes often co-occur with each other and they may be diverse in different parts of the village. In the current transformations of the abandoned areas the main focus is on local economy or nature protection while the cultural landscape of the deserted villages is hardly appreciated as an important value itself. The potential future transformations of the depopulated areas will be multidirectional with the tendency to polarization. Some areas will be subject to an increased human pressure, especially due to the new developments in housing and large-scale tourist infrastructure, the other areas will remain out of the way allowing for using their potential as “archives” of traditional cultural landscapes.

Cultural Landscapes: A Multi-Stakeholder Methodological Approach to Support Widespread and Shared Tourism Development Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7175
Author(s):  
Lucia Della Spina ◽  
Claudia Giorno
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Spatial Decision Making ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Starting from the most recent international debate on the theme of cultural landscape, this study explores the theme of landscape as a ‘common good’ and as a field of investigation and experimentation of an innovative model of long-term sustainable tourism development. In this context, the document illustrates a multi-stakeholder spatial decision-making process based on an evaluation approach that is useful to support decision-makers in defining improvement strategies for resilient landscapes. The methodology was experimented on and tested as part of the ‘Sila Labscape’ project conducted in Sila National Park (Southern Italy), a UNESCO site of excellence. The purpose of the study is to support the park’s community in acquiring a greater awareness of the values and resources present within the park and to stimulate co-design for the enhancement and management of environmental and cultural sites. Starting from the representation of the landscape perceived by users, it is possible to trace the values and meanings of the most attractive places. The most relevant results concern the identification of perceived landscape values, the recognition of shared values, and their consequent use to map ‘places of value’. The elaboration, structuring, and evaluation processes allow the tracing of new touristic routes and the expression of shared intersubjective perception that are useful for supporting decision-makers in the development of potential integrated development strategies and actions.

USE OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AS A PART OF OPEN-AIR MUSEUMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Brych M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Holistic Perception ◽  
Museum Exhibition

In Ukraine, there is no holistic perception of historical and cultural environments of monumental ensembles and complexes as an object of protection and use today. Their preservation will be effective only when the understanding of the object of protection is extended to the boundaries of the cultural landscape, including all its valuable elements. The best way to implement this concept is to include cultural landscapes in the open-air museum exhibition as its integral, active, and living element.

PRINCIPLES OF FORMING OBJECTS OF ETHNOGRAPHIC TOURISM WITH REGIONAL FEATURES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELGOROD REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Elena Ladik ◽  
A. Makridina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Stylistic Unity ◽  
National Experience

The problems of planning the organization of territories and objects of ethnographic tourism, taking into account the landscape features of the regions of the Russian Federation, in particular the Belgorod region, are relevant. The study developed regional principles for planning ethno-tourist spaces on the example of the Belgorod region. The object of research is the territories favorable for the development of ethnographic tourism objects within the Belgorod region, the subject of research is the influence of regional historical and cultural features on the formation of ethnographic tourism territories. As a result of the study, based on the analysis of world and national experience in the design of ethnographic tourism objects, their typological and historical-cultural analysis, the principles of organizing ethnographic tourism objects were developed. These principles take into account such regional features of the cultural landscapes of the Belgorod region, as the principle of preservation of the cultural landscape, the principle of authenticity of the recreated environment, the principle of symbolic exposure, the principle of stylistic unity and the multi-level principle. The use of the developed principles will allow us to preserve the identity and originality of the environment, reduce anthropogenic pressures on valuable landscape areas, increase information content and determine the gradual immersion in the concept of a tourist site.

scholarly journals Renovation of Public Lighting Systems in Cultural Landscapes: Lighting and Energy Performance and Their Impact on Nightscapes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Lodovica Valetti ◽  
Francesca Floris ◽  
Anna Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Landscape Value ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

The technological innovation in the field of lighting and the need to reduce energy consumption connected to public lighting are leading many municipalities to undertake the renewal of public lighting systems, by replacing the existing luminaires with LED technologies. This renovation process is usually aimed at increasing energy efficiency and reducing maintenance costs, whist improving the lighting performance. To achieve these results, the new luminaires are often characterised by a luminous flux distribution much more downward oriented, which may remarkably influence and alter the perception of the night image of the sites. In this study the implications of the renovation of public lighting systems in terms of lighting and energy performance as well as the effects relating to the alteration of the night image, in historical contexts characterized by significant landscape value, are analysed. Results, along with demonstrating the positive effect that more sustainable and energy efficient lighting systems may have on the lighting performance and energy consumptions of public lighting systems, evidences the impact they may have on the alteration of the nocturnal image.

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