scholarly journals Determination of zones of different plum growing period length in Serbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Todor Vulic ◽  
Mirjana Ruml ◽  
Boban Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Active Period ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermal Indicators ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Frost Free Period ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Zoning of Serbia territory was performed according to the length of active period of photosynthesis for plum cv. Pozegaca. Relations between thermal indicators of location and plum growing period length are examined. It was found that the length of growing period is of great extent, determined by the length of frost-free period, as well as by the mean annual air temperature and the mean air temperature for the growing period. The study was carried out using data from 55 phenological and 26 climatological stations in Serbia for the period from 1961 to 1995.

scholarly journals Soil temperature study in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 93 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Lugo-Camacho ◽  
Miguel A. Muñoz ◽  
Juan Pérez-Bolívar ◽  
Gregory R. Brannon
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Soil temperature measurements from a climate monitoring network in Puerto Rico were evaluated and the difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature, known as isotivity value, was calculated. Air and soil temperature was collected from five weather stations of the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service from sea level to 1,019 m above sea level and from different soil moisture regimes. Isotivity values ranged from 1.2 to 3.9° C with an average of 2.6° C. The 750-m elevation was identified as the limit between the isohyperthermic and isothermic soil temperature regimes in the perudic soil moisture regime in Puerto Rico. The greatest differences between mean annual soil temperature and mean annual air temperature were observed at Guánica, Combate and Guilarte (2.1 ° C) stations. The smallest differences were observed at Maricao (0.8° C) and Isabela (1.8° C) stations. The study also indicated that the mean annual soil temperature in Puerto Rico can be estimated by adding 1.8° C to the mean annual air temperature or by the equation y = -0.007x + 28.0° C. The equation indicates that 97 percent of the time the behavior of the mean annual soil temperature is a function of elevation. According to the updated soil temperature regime boundaries, eight soil series were established in the Soil Survey of San Germán Area. In an area under the isothermic soil temperature regime, four soil series were classified as Oxisols (Haploperox), two soil series as Inceptisols (Eutrudepts) and two soil series as Mollisols (Argiudolls). This is the first field recognition of the Haploperox soil great group in the United States and its territories.

scholarly journals Investigation of Changes of the Kinematic Parameters of Antarctic Tectonic Plate Using Data Observations of Permanent GNSS Stations

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kornylii Tretyak ◽  
Al-Alusi Forat ◽  
Yurii Holubinka
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Tectonic Plate ◽  
Euler Pole ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gnss Permanent Stations ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract The paper describes a modified algorithm of determination of the Euler pole coordinates and angular velocity of the tectonic plate, considering the continuous and uneven distribution of daily measurements of GNSS permanent stations. Using developed algorithm were determined the mean position of Euler pole and angular velocity of Antarctic tectonic plate and their annual changes. As the input data, we used the results of observations, collected on 28 permanent stations of the Antarctic region, within the period from 1996 to 2014.

Spatial Prediction of Soil Temperature in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3718-3723
Author(s):  
Hui Zhi Zhang ◽  
Xue Zheng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Auxiliary Variables ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Temperature affects many soil biochemical and geochemical processes. The growth of plants, seed germination, circulations of carbon and nitrogen are all significantly influenced by soil temperature, thus it is important to estimate the spatial pattern of soil temperature. This paper shows the results of spatial patterns of mean annual soil temperature interpolated from the measurements of 698 meteorological stations in China. Four geostatistical methods, ordinary kriging (OK), regression kriging with mean annual air temperature (RK-1), regression kriging with latitude, longitude and elevation (RK-2) and regression kriging with multi-auxiliary predictors (RK-3), were compared. Ordinary kriging (OK) directly interpolated the mean annual soil temperature data extracted from meteorological stations to obtain the spatial patterns of the mean annual soil temperature. For the three regression kriging methods, intensive auxiliary variables (mean annual air temperature, elevation, latitude and longitude), which were correlated with mean annual soil temperature, were used to increase the accuracy of estimation. The results suggested that RK-3 preformed best, followed by RK-1 and RK-2. The intensive data of auxiliary variables used in the regression kriging significantly improved the accuracy of interpolation results.

scholarly journals Determination of Nurses’ Attitudes and Beliefs on Sexual Care Towards Urology Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Aliye Okgün Alcan ◽  
Serpil Çetin ◽  
Ezgi Seyhan Ak ◽  
Yeliz Çulha ◽  
Ayfer Özbaş
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Sexual Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Collection Form

Objective: The aim of this descriptive research is to determine the attitudes and beliefs of urology nurses regarding sexual care. Material and Methods: The data of this study were collected via internet between May and August 2020. The sample of the study consisted of 118 nurses who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, able to use internet and working in clinics which urology patients are cared for. The data of the study were collected using data collection form that consists questions regarding the sociodemographic characteristics of the nurses and Sexual Attitudes and Belief Scale. Number and percentage distribution, Kruskal-Wallis, MannWhitney U test, Spearman Correlation Analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results: It was determined that the average age of the nurses was 32.61±6.73 (min:22, max:46) years. In this study, the mean score of the Sexual Attitudes and Beliefs Scale was determined as 40.86±8.57 (min:15 max:65). It was found that 79.7% (n:94) of the nurses did not spare time to discuss the sexual problems of their patients. It was found that the marital status of the nurses (U:190.00 p:0.010) and being educated about sexual care (U:1052.00 p:0.007) affected their sexual attitudes and beliefs. It was determined that the mean score of the nurses to feel themselves competent in providing counseling regarding sexual care to their patients was 4.25±2.39 (min:0, max:10) out of 10. It was determined that the mean score of the nurses for feeling comfortable while giving counseling to their patients regarding sexual care was 4.32±2.63 out of 10 (min:0 to max:10). Conclusion: In conclusion, it has been determined that urology nurses have a moderate obstacle in providing consultancy to patients about sexual care, and do not feel comfortable and comfortable. It is recommended to strengthen nursing education curricula on sexual health and care. Keywords: Urology; nurse; sexual care; attitude; belief

scholarly journals Processes influencing near-surface heat transfer in Greenland's ablation zone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Hills ◽  
Joel T. Harper ◽  
Toby W. Meierbachtol ◽  
Jesse V. Johnson ◽  
Neil F. Humphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Moving Boundary ◽  
Radiative Energy ◽  
Ablation Zone ◽  
Transient Heating ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surface Ice ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

Abstract. To assess the influence of various mechanisms of heat transfer on the near-surface ice of Greenland's ablation zone, we incorporate highly resolved measurements of ice temperature into thermal modeling experiments. Seven separate temperature strings were installed at three different field sites, each with between 17 and 32 sensors and extending up to 20 m below the surface. In one string, temperatures were measured every 30 minutes, and the record is continuous for more than three years. We use these measured ice temperatures to constrain modeling analyses focused on four isolated processes to assess the relative importance of each to the near-surface ice temperature: 1) the moving boundary of an ablating surface, 2) thermal insulation by snow, 3) radiative energy input, and 4) temperature gradients below the seasonally active near-surface layer. In addition to these four processes, transient heating events were observed in two of the temperature strings. Despite no observations of meltwater pathways to the subsurface, these heating events are likely the refreezing of liquid water below 5–10 m of cold ice. Together with subsurface refreezing, the five heat transfer mechanisms presented here account for measured differences of up to 3 °C between the ice temperature at the depth where annual temperature variability is dissipated and the mean annual air temperature. Thus, in Greenland's ablation zone, the mean annual air temperature cannot be used to predict the near-surface ice temperature, as is commonly assumed.

scholarly journals Regional Climate Change (Karelia, Russia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Larisa Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature

The overview of climatic conditions in Karelia is based on the data from meteorological observations carried out in 1951-2009 at Roskomgidromet weather stations situated in the study area. Taking the period in question into account, the mean annual air temperature norm has increased by 0.2-0.3°C. The greatest deviation from multiyear averages of mean monthly air temperature is observed in January and March. The investigation of the changes the basic regional climate characteristics is very important in present time because the global climate is changed. The analysis the data about air temperature and precipitation, that were obtained for the different meteorological stations in the investigated region, shows that the regional climate is changed and the main tendencies are directly proportional to the change of the global characteristics.

scholarly journals Frost-Heaved Bedrock Features: A Valuable Permafrost Indicator

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Exposed Rock ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature ◽  
Permafrost Regions

ABSTRACT Frost-heaved bedrock features are periglacial forms produced by the vertical displacement of bedrock fragments. Blocks, frost-wedged from bare bedrock along joints, are raised above the general surface by heave. Although mentioned in the literature of the late 19th century, they have been described and studied in detail only recently. They are widespread in the northern hemisphere, notably in Canada, Greenland and Spitsbergen, where they develop in lithologies with well-developed systems of joints. Commonly, heaved blocks exhibit weathered and lichen-covered surfaces except at their base where freshly exposed rock indicates recent heaving. They result from frost processes, particularly from wedging and heaving due to pressure of the freezing of free-water in joints. Active and most non-active features are located in permafrost regions. The southermost occurrence in the northern hemisphere is the Groulx Mountains, in Québec (51°45'N, alt. 1000 m). The mean annual air temperature for the area of best-developed features ranges from -4° to -100C, with the number of days of frost ranging from 178 to 300. A thin snow cover is common to most sites. Based on climatic data and on the geographical distribution of frost-heaved bedrock features, it is suggested that permafrost occurrence is obvious. Relict features found outside the present-day permafrost zones should indicate former permafrost conditions.

scholarly journals 15m Deep Temperatures in the Glaciers of Mont Blanc (French Alps)

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (74) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lliboutry ◽  
M. Briat ◽  
M. Creseveur ◽  
M. Pourchet
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
French Alps ◽  
Ablation Area ◽  
The Alps ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Deep Temperature ◽  
Mean Annual Air Temperature ◽  
Rock Faces ◽  
Dry Snow Zone

AbstractThe top of Mont Blanc is adry snow zone. Thecold infiltration zoneextends between about 4 300 and 3 800 m. Its lower limit is lined by large cracks and ice cliffs, similar to bergschrunds. Near rock faces this limit is the bergschrund, which can descend as far as the 0°C isotherm of the mean annual air temperature, 3 100-3 200 m- At Col du Dôme (c, 4 250 m), 15 m deep temperature has increased 1.8 deg between the years 1911 and 1973, probably due to infiltration which happened there in the last few years. The ice in the ablation area is entirely temperate, while in dryer areas of the Alps it may be at 1°C to — 3°C in the vicinity of the firn line.

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