scholarly journals The use of image analysis for the study of interfacial bonding in solid composite propellant

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1023-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Dostanic ◽  
Gordana Uscumlic ◽  
Tatjana Volkov-Husovic ◽  
Radmila Jancic-Heinemann ◽  
Dusan Mijin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Composite Propellant ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Solid Composite Propellant

In the framework of this research, the program Image Pro Plus was applied for determining the polymer-oxidizer interactions in HTPB-based composite propellants. In order to improve the interactions, different bonding agents were used, and their efficiency was analyzed. The determination of the quantity, area and radius of non-bonded oxidizer crystals is presented. The position of formed cracks in the specimen and their area have a great influence on the mechanical properties of composite propellant. The preparation of the composite propellant in order to enable the photographing of their structure by means of stereoscopic and metallographic microscopes with the digital camera is also described as well. .

Estimation of bodyweight from body measurements and determination of body measurements on Limousin cattle using digital image analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Ozkaya ◽  
Wojciech Neja ◽  
Sylwia Krezel-Czopek ◽  
Adam Oler
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Image Analysis Software

The objective of this study was to predict bodyweight and estimate body measurements of Limousin cattle using digital image analysis (DIA). Body measurements including body length, wither height, chest depth, and hip height of cattle were determined both manually (by measurements stick) and by using DIA. Body area was determined by using DIA. The images of Limousin cattle were taken while cattle were standing in a squeeze chute by a digital camera and analysed by image analysis software to obtain body measurements of each animal. While comparing the actual and predicted body measurements, the accuracy was determined as 98% for wither height, 97% for hip height, 94% for chest depth and 90.6% for body length. Regression analysis between body area and bodyweight yielded an equation with R2 of 61.5%. The regression equation, which included all body traits, resulted in an R2 value of 88.7%. The results indicated that DIA can be used for accurate prediction of body measurements and bodyweight of Limousin cattle.

scholarly journals A Rapid and Efficient Method for Determination of Fruit Peel Color

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 842B-842
Author(s):  
Ignazio Infantino ◽  
Riccardo Lo Bianco*
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Critical Index ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Peel Color

Peel color is a critical index of external fruit quality and consumer appreciation level. Traditional methods for determination of peel color are based on visual analysis or punctual measurements by colorimeter. In this study we present a method based on digital image analysis that integrates the accuracy of an interactive measurement and the efficacy of an image analysis that descibes entire sides of the fruit. A sample of apple, mandarin, grape, and peach fruit was photographed (each fruit on two opposite sides) with a digital camera for determination of peel color. Digital images were converted from RGB to CIE L*a*b* format, and color characteristics were indexed and quantified. The implemented method uses a reference color image cropped from the best fruit (interactively chosen) to calculate a color index for each fruit of the image set. The final index is the weighted sum of the number of pixels of the fruit, where pixels closer to the reference color (distance in the CIE L*a*b space) are considered more relevant. This color index gives integrated information on fruit color quantity (% of cover color) and quality (hue and saturation). The method represents a rapid and efficient way of determining color of the entire fruit surface and overcomes difficulties and approximation of traditional methods. A modification of the same method can be used to determine peel rugosity (mandarin) and average size and number of grape berries per bunch.

scholarly journals Determination of Mechanical Properties of Porous Silicon with Image Analysis and Finite Element

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rahmoun ◽  
H.I. Faraoun ◽  
G. Bassou ◽  
C. Mathieu ◽  
N.E. Chabane Sari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Porous Silicon

scholarly journals Determination of Quantity and Localization of Liquid in the Semi-Solid State Using both 3D X-Ray Microtomography and 2D Techniques for Steel Thixoforming

2012 ◽  
Vol 192-193 ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Guo Chao Gu ◽  
Raphaël Pesci ◽  
Eric Becker ◽  
Laurent Langlois ◽  
Régis Bigot
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Semi Solid

The distribution of liquid at the semi solid state is one of the most important parameters for steel thixoforging. It has a great influence on the viscosity of the material, on the flows and finally on the final shape and mechanical properties of the thixoforged parts. Both ex situ and in situ 3D X-ray microtomography characterizations have been carried out to determine the quantity and localization of liquid at high temperature of M2 steel slugs. Microtomography was first performed ex situ at room temperature on samples heated and quenched from semi-solid state. The specimens were also scanned in situ directly at high temperature. The obtained results have been compared to 2D observations using EDS technique in SEM on heated and quenched specimens. They showed a good correlation making both approaches very efficient for the study of the liquid zones at the semi-solid state

scholarly journals The use of image analysis for the interaction of 1,3,5-trisubstituted isocyanurates with oxidizer and different binders in composite materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Jasmina Dostanic ◽  
Mihela Barbu ◽  
Radmila Jancic-Heinemann ◽  
Tatjana Volkov-Husovic ◽  
Gordana Uscumlic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Grain Color ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Resin Binder

Composite propellants are non-homogenous propellants and comprise primarily crystalline oxidizer and metal fuels uniformly suspended in a resin binder. The strength of the bonds between the polymer matrix and the oxidizer determine the mechanical properties of composite propellants. In order to achieve good mechanical properties of the fuel, bonding agents are added to the mixture. The role of the bonding agents is to enable good interactions (interphase) between the polymer matrix and the oxidizer grains. The level of interconnection between the phases could be measured by using the surface obtained by cutting the composite material and observing the resulting surface. A problem in the visualization of such a material is to enable the visibility of the polymer matrix and the grains in the image as both phases are white. There are two possible ways to overcome this problem: to add a pigment into the matrix polymer and to color the matrix and make it different from the grain color. Another possibility is to find a solvent for one of the phases and to dissolve one of the phases in an appropriate solvent so that the remaining phase could be stained, photographed and analyzed using the image analysis program. The morphological characteristics of the image could be established and analyzed. The topic of this study was to establish the conditions of preparation of composite propellants containing ammonium per chlorate and HMX and RDX as oxidizers, and polymer of the polybutadiene type and 1,3,5-trisubstituted isocyanurates as bonding agents. The bonding phenomenon was investigated by optical microscopy. The established procedure of preparation will enable the visualization of the composite structure and the morphological characteristics of the surface will be obtained. From the morphological properties of the obtained composite, it will be possible to select a suitable polymer for the preparation of uniformly distributed composite propellant.

scholarly journals The influence of artificial aging on recyclability and mechanical stability of pharmaceutical packaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Vukoje ◽  
◽  
Ivana Bolanča Mirković ◽  
Martina Bešlić ◽  
Gorana Petković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Recycled Fibres ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
The Impact

Recycling of wastepaper and packaging is one of the most desirable options for the purpose of preservation the environment and increasing the sustainability of production. Changes in customer behaviour have increased a demand for packaging materials, such as the growth of online shopping and/or demand for optimal sized packaging foods and medicines. During storage and transport, products can be exposed to different weather conditions, which ultimately affects their quality and disposal. Therefore, in this paper, the influence of moisture and temperature on the mechanical properties of pharmaceutical packaging as well as on the possibility of their recycling was investigated. The printed and formed pharmaceutical packaging was subjected to a process of accelerated aging in a chamber under the action of temperature and humidity, according to standard methods and defined conditions. Thereafter, the samples were subjected to mechanical testing to determine the effect of moisture on the mechanical properties. In addition, the impact of moisture on pharmaceutical packaging recycling performance was examined. Recycling was carried out in laboratory conditions by chemical deinking flotation according to the INGEDE 11 method, while the obtained recycled laboratory sheets were characterized by the determination of optical properties and the image analysis. It was found that the mechanical properties of the tested pharmaceutical packaging were deteriorated. From the results obtained by determination of the optical properties, in recycled samples the brightness decreases with aging. As the sample ages, the printing ink binds to the recycled fibres, so the ERIC is lower in recycled fibres obtained from non-aged samples compared to the old ones. The CIE coefficient b* is higher for samples obtained from recycling of aged pharmaceutical packaging than for samples obtained from recycling of non-aged samples, and aged recycled samples will be yellower than non-aged ones. Therefore, the whiteness is lower in recycled fibres obtained from aged samples. When measuring the image analysis, the obtained results show that the number of ink particles and their surface area are significantly reduced with the duration of aging time.

Gender determination of caucasoid hair using image analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
T.B. Ball ◽  
W.M. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Morphological Differences

It has been demonstrated that cross sections of bundles of hair can be effectively studied using image analysis. These studies can help to elucidate morphological differences of hair from one region of the body to another. The purpose of the present investigation was to use image analysis to determine whether morphological differences could be demonstrated between male and female human Caucasian terminal scalp hair.Hair samples were taken from the back of the head from 18 caucasoid males and 13 caucasoid females (Figs. 1-2). Bundles of 50 hairs were processed for cross-sectional examination and then analyzed using Prism Image Analysis software on a Macintosh llci computer. Twenty morphological parameters of size and shape were evaluated for each hair cross-section. The size parameters evaluated were area, convex area, perimeter, convex perimeter, length, breadth, fiber length, width, equivalent diameter, and inscribed radius. The shape parameters considered were formfactor, roundness, convexity, solidity, compactness, aspect ratio, elongation, curl, and fractal dimension.

A quantitative image analysis method for the determination of cocontinuity in polymer blends

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 894-895
Author(s):  
William A. Heeschen
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Phase Ratio ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Discrete Domains ◽  
A Domains

Two new morphological measurements based on digital image analysis, CoContinuity and CoContinuity Balance, have been developed and implemented for quantitative measurement of morphology in polymer blends. The morphology of polymer blends varies with phase ratio, composition and processing. A typical morphological evolution for increasing phase ratio of polymer A to polymer B starts with discrete domains of A in a matrix of B (A/B < 1), moves through a cocontinuous distribution of A and B (A/B ≈ 1) and finishes with discrete domains of B in a matrix of A (A/B > 1). For low phase ratios, A is often seen as solid convex particles embedded in the continuous B phase. As the ratio increases, A domains begin to evolve into irregular shapes, though still recognizable as separate domains. Further increase in the phase ratio leads to A domains which extend into and surround the B phase while the B phase simultaneously extends into and surrounds the A phase.

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