scholarly journals Central rotation of regular (and irregular) musical poligons

Muzikologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 205-234
Author(s):  
Dragan Latincic

The text describes the application of one of the most important isometric transformations to the projected metro-rhythmic entities of individual harmonics of the spectrum. It is a direct isometry called central rotation. Central rotation conditions the hemiola structuring of the meter. Hemiolas are identified with regular and irregular geometric figures (primarily triangles) by means of a partition and the composition (index) number of a particular spectral harmonics. The partition and composition of numbers, which are dealt with in discrete mathematics, on the one hand, and, the technique of horizontal hemiolas, characteristic of the polyphony of the sub-Saharan region, on the other, served as a means of creating methods by which the isometric transformation of central rotation would be realized in (musical) time.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Thomas Frölich ◽  
F F Bevier ◽  
Alicja Babakhani ◽  
Hannah H Chisholm ◽  
Peter Henningsen ◽  
...  

To address subjectivity, as a generally rooted phenomenon, other ways of visualisation must be applied than in conventional objectivistic approaches. Using ‘trees’ as operational metaphors, as employed in Arthur Cayley’s ‘theory of the analytical forms called trees’, one rooted ‘tree’ must be set beneath the other and, if such ‘trees’ are combined, the resulting ‘forest’ is nevertheless made up of individual ‘trees’ and not of a deconstructed mix of ‘roots’, ‘branches’, ‘leaves’ or further categories, each understood as addressable both jointly and individually. The reasons for why we have chosen a graph theory and corresponding discrete mathematics as an approach and application are set out in this first of our three articles. It combines two approaches that, in combination, are quite uncommon and which are therefore not immediately familiar to all readers. But as simple as it is to imagine a tree, or a forest, it is equally simple to imagine a child blowing soap bubbles with the aid of a blow ring. A little more challenging, perhaps, is the additional idea of arranging such blow rings in series, transforming the size of the soap bubble in one ring after the other. To finally combine both pictures, the one of trees and the other of blow rings, goes beyond simple imagination, especially when we prolong the imagined blow ring becoming a tunnel, with a specific inner shape. The inner shape of the blow ring and its expansion as a tunnel are understood as determined by discrete qualities, each forming an internal continuity, depicted as a scale, with the scales combined in the form of a glyph plot. The different positions on these scales determine their length and if the endpoints of the spines are connected with an enveloping line then this corresponds to the free space left open in the tunnel to go through it. Using so many visualisation techniques at once is testing. Nevertheless, this is what we propose here and to facilitate such a visualisation within the imagination, we do it step by step. As the intended result of this ‘juggling of three balls’, as it were, we end up with a concept of how living beings elaborate their principal structure to enable controlled outside-inside communication.


1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
Philip C. Packard

In the economic literature, one approach to development has centred on capital accumulation. This leads to an emphasis upon public finance, foreign aid, and such-like measures designed to raise funds for governments to invest. In the sub-Saharan situation, capital accumulation poses a dilemma: on the one hand there are great institutional deficiencies for raising capital; on the other, the amount of capital which most observers feel can be raised is much less than the ‘needs’ of African societies. This concentration on the problems of capital and its accumulation is what economists call the ‘macro’ approach. It asks what over-all amounts of capital are needed. It does not in the usual case relate the total capital to its different uses.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo González-Ruibal

The critique of archaeology made from an indigenous and postcolonial perspective has been largely accepted, at least in theory, in many settler colonies, from Canada to New Zealand. In this paper, I would like to expand such critique in two ways: on the one hand, I will point out some issues that have been left unresolved; on the other hand, I will address indigenous and colonial experiences that are different from British settler colonies, which have massively shaped our understanding of indigeneity and the relationship of archaeology to it. I am particularly concerned with two key problems: alterity – how archaeologists conceptualize difference – and collaboration – how archaeologists imagine their relationship with people from a different cultural background. My reflections are based on my personal experiences working with communities in southern Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa and South America that differ markedly from those usually discussed by indigenous archaeologies.


2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
José-María Muñoz

Abstract:Through an analysis of the taxation of business activities in Adamaoua Province, Cameroon, this article aims to provide ethnographic substance to current debates about the “tax effort” in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the current mission of the tax authorities to identify all potential taxpayers and track their locations, movements, and activities is often presented in the context of nationwide reform and a commitment to making all taxable enterprises visible, a close examination of the government's practices reveals other factors at work. The case of cattle traders in particular shows that taxation policies in Adamaoua today are based on an interplay between, on the one hand, modes of state control and levels of administrative ef-ficiency, and on the other, longstanding repertoires of business practice and idioms of documentation.


Author(s):  
K. Anthony Appiah

Ethical thought in sub-Saharan Africa grows largely out of traditions that are communalistic, not based in individual consent, anti-universalizing, naturalistic, and humanist. Within such thought, the general vocabulary of evaluation, like such English words as ‘good’ and ‘bad’, does not strongly differentiate between narrow moral assessments, on the one hand, and technical or aesthetic evaluation on the other. This is true of places where Islam has been present for many centuries. The substantial exposure, in the colonial and postcolonial periods, to European moral ideas (both through various forms of Christian missionary evangelism and as a result of contact with secular moral and political traditions from elsewhere), along with the changes produced by the modern economy, have produced a wide range of ethical ideas. However, the residue of precolonial ethical theory remains the most distinctive, if not always the most important, component and is the main topic of this entry.


Subject African Sovereign Wealth Funds Significance Sub-Saharan African (SSA) sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) are yet to live up to the promise of transforming the structure of resource-rich countries by creating significant inter-generational assets such as improved infrastructure. On the one hand, political constraints in most establishing countries have limited capitalisation of funds. On the other, low returns on investments only provide marginal revenue diversification benefits. As a result, SWFs have largely failed as a mechanism for insulating minerals exporters from lower commodity prices. Impacts With just 10% of SWF assets allocated to infrastructure, their chances of engineering a Botswana-style economic transformation are remote. Measures of overall institutional development will remain better predictors of the likely success of SWFs than fund-specific ones. A concentration of SWFs' investments in hotels and real estate will perpetuate a preference for consumption over intergenerational equity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Amani Lusekelo ◽  
Victor Mtenga

The history of African societies, which are mostly oral, could be deciphered through onomastics. This is possible because naming practices, which are elaborate, and personal names, which are meaningful, are cherished in African communities. In most cases, the circumstances at birth, which split into several strands, dictate the choice of the name by the name-givers. Naming practice is an elaborate phenomenon amongst the Rombo-Chagga people of Kilimanjaro in Tanzania on two grounds. On the one hand, clan names are associated with Chagga calendar and socio-economic activities, e.g. Mkenda „born during unlucky days‟. On the other hand, home-names reveal circumstances at birth and historical events within the family and beyond, e.g. Ndekir‟yo„I am cured‟. In addition, amongst the Bantu speaking communities in Sub-Saharan Africa, naming practices have been influenced by Christianization, Islamicization and colonization. The personal names of the Rombo-Chagga people reveal the strands of religious (formal) names and foreign (English or Kiswahili) names, e.g. Barakaeli „God-bless‟.Keywords: Ethnohistory, Personal names, Language-in-contact, Rombo-Chagga, Tanzania


1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel K.B. Asante

The participation of developing countries in the international legal system poses a perennial dilemma. On the one hand the brutal facts of international economic and commercial interdependence make such participation inevitable. On the other hand, developing countries, for various reasons and with varying degrees of intensity, have articulated their reservations, or indeed experienced considerable difficulties, with respect to such participation. This article considers this dilemma with special reference to the experience of Sub-Saharan African countries in international commercial arbitration.


1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.


Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document