scholarly journals JRC activities in nuclear safety

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giustino Manna ◽  
Luigi Debarberis ◽  
Andrea Bucalossi ◽  
Roberto May ◽  
Michel Bieth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Nuclear Safety ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Centre ◽  
The Public ◽  
Base Load ◽  
Management Issues ◽  
The Eu

Nuclear energy is today the largest single source of carbon free and base-load electricity in Europe. While highlighting its important role in the overall energy mix, it is necessary to address sustainability, safety, and security concerns, in particular nuclear safety and nuclear waste management issues, which influence the public acceptance of nuclear energy. The present paper describes the Joint Research Centre activities in support to the EU nuclear safety policy. It describes the Joint Research Centre role in the EU institutional context, identifies the various customers to which the Joint Research Centre delivers its services, and provides some results of the Joint Research Centre scientific work inherent to nuclear safety.

The Changing Face of Risk Governance: Moving from Precaution to Smarter Regulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rübig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
World Trade ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Centre ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

STOA, the European Parliament's Technology Assessment body, which I had the honour to chair, has a mission to: (i) assess the impact of introducing and promoting new technologies, and (ii) identify the relevant policy options. In the context of its work, STOA has to address many different issues. One of the issues deserving STOA's attention is the changing face of risk governance: “Moving from precaution to smarter regulation”.This is currently being debated on various levels, including that of the WTO (World Trade Organization), where science-based decision-making has always played an important role. The JRC (Joint Research Centre) is very active in this field and has developed, among others, a science-based approach to risk assessment in the area of nanotechnology. With the comitology procedure becoming more and more important, the European Parliament and its members have to assume their role with respect to risk management and explain it to the public.

PLACE AND ROLE OF COMPETENT INFORMATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

Naukovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Sergei Pyastolov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Centre ◽  
Science Activity ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Special Space ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

VUCA world (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity), according to experts of JRC (European Commission's Joint Research Centre), is now a special space that corrupts the integrity of science activity, limits thinking and vision of the situation by politicians. In fact, under such conditions, the only reliable resource for scientific organizations is a commercialization, and the payback is a condition of activity. These factors already pose a threat to global security. The mission orientation proposed by European Union experts is still seen as a rather weak alternative.

Forest and forestry policy between the EU and its Member States

elni Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Marco Onida
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Forest Policies ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Eu

Trees and forests in Europe have never been centre stage the way they are now. Until a couple of years ago, forest-related concerns of European citizens focused mainly on international deforestation in tropical forests. The aggravation of the double climate and biodiversity crisis has significantly increased European citizens’ interest in the EU forests as irreplaceable carbon sinks and reservoirs of biodiversity. The pressure of public opinion on EU forest policies therefore is on the rise, also due to the fact that the more Europe takes action vis-à-vis third countries’ forest protection, the more its domestic agenda must be effective and credible; a case in point is the news about systematic illegal harvesting of primeval forests in Eastern European states such as Poland’s well-known Bielowieza, Romania (where the murder of official rangers sparked outrage across Europe), and Slovakia, which resonated powerfully. Citizens’ concerns are not ill-founded: European forests, in fact, are generally not in good ecological condition. Recent scientific reports further paint a worrying picture. According to the 2020 State of Nature Report by the European Environment Agency, less than 15% of assessed woodland and forest habitats are favourable, while up to 84% were assessed as unfavourable-inadequate. The EU Joint Research Centre assessment of ecosystems concludes that “the condition of EU forests is poor, and there are serious concerns regarding upward trends of several pressures and degrading condition indicators”. Even the sustainability of current harvesting levels is subject to debate. Overall, the current intensive use of forests will need to be better balanced against the objectives of carbon sink preservation and biodiversity protection. This ’greener‘ approach to forests has sparked a heated debate in the EU institutions as well as among stakeholders and NGOs, all seeking to influence in some way the future forest policy of the EU. This debate includes some legal issues.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Results of an Interlaboratory Comparison Test on Determination of Acrylamide in Crispbread Samples

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1413-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wenzl ◽  
Elke Anklam
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Interlaboratory Comparison ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Proficiency Tests ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Centre ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Directorate General

Abstract The European Commission's Directorate General Joint Research Centre has organized several proficiency tests on the determination of acrylamide (AA) in food. This paper presents the results and outcome of a proficiency test that focused on the determination of AA in crispbread samples. One of the goals was the identification of the influence of different parameters such as analyte extraction or instrument calibration on the analytical results. A set of samples, containing 3 different crispbread samples as well as extracts of one crispbread sample and AA standard solutions, was shipped to each participant. A total of 42 European laboratories reported analytical results that were evaluated by applying internationally accepted protocols and procedures. The study found that, for each sample, the results of 4–8 laboratories were outside the range formed by the target value plus or minus the 2-fold of the target standard deviation; thus, they did not perform satisfactorily. In transferring this knowledge to the data of monitoring databases of AA in food, care must be taken that data are quality controlled, as it is likely that some of them may be biased.

scholarly journals Neutron inelastic cross section measurements on 58,60Ni

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Adina Olacel ◽  
Catalin Borcea ◽  
Marian Boromiza ◽  
Philippe Dessagne ◽  
Gregoire Henning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Inelastic Neutron Scattering ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Inelastic Neutron ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Electron Linear Accelerator ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Centre ◽  
Reported Data

A natural nickel sample was used at the GELINA (Geel Electron LINear Accelerator) neutron source of the European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Geel to measure the neutron inelastic cross sections. The GAINS (Gamma Array for Inelastic Neutron Scattering) spectrometer was employed to detect the emitted γ rays while a 235U fission chamber monitored the neutron flux. We report the preliminary production cross sections corresponding to the first transitions in 58,60Ni in comparison with previously reported data and with TALYS 1.9 calculations performed using the default input parameters.

scholarly journals A Harmonized Data Model for Noise Simulation in the EU

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavisha Kumar ◽  
Hugo Ledoux ◽  
Richard Schmidt ◽  
Theo Verheij ◽  
Jantien Stoter
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Schema Design ◽  
Noise Assessment ◽  
The Eu

This paper presents our implementation of a harmonized data model for noise simulations in the European Union (EU). Different noise assessment methods are used by different EU member states (MS) for estimating noise at local, regional, and national scales. These methods, along with the input data extracted from the national registers and databases, as well as other open and/or commercially available data, differ in several aspects and it is difficult to obtain comparable results across the EU. To address this issue, a common framework for noise assessment methods (CNOSSOS-EU) was developed by the European Commission’s (EC) Joint Research Centre (JRC). However, apart from the software implementations for CNOSSOS, very little has been done for the practical guidelines outlining the specifications for the required input data, metadata, and the schema design to test the real-world situations with CNOSSOS. We describe our approach for modeling input and output data for noise simulations and also generate a real world dataset of an area in the Netherlands based on our data model for simulating urban noise using CNOSSOS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document