scholarly journals Appearance and characteristics of the gunshot wounds caused by different fire weapons - animal model

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 350-356
Author(s):  
Anisa Gradascevic ◽  
Ivan Soldatovic ◽  
Anes Joguncic ◽  
Miroslav Milosevic ◽  
Nermin Sarajlic
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Gunshot Residue ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Important Evidence ◽  
Gunpowder Residue

Introduction/Objective. Gunshot residue (GSR) on the skin of a victim are important evidence, with far better precision, for reconstructive questions in the forensic investigation of cases involving gunshot wounds. The aim of this experimental study was to analyze if there was any significant difference in macroscopic characteristics of wounds that were caused with different types of weapons from three different distances. Methods. This study was conducted at the Department of Ballistic and Mechanoscopic Expertise, Federal Police Directorate. Experiments were done on pigskin and 55 samples were made. Shooting was conducted using a system for safe firing. Samples of the pigskin were shot by firing projectiles from four different weapons and from three different distances, (contact wound, five centimetres and 10 centimetres). Results. At the contact range, wounds caused by automatic rifle had horizontal, vertical diameters larger than those made by pistols. Diameters on the wounds that were caused with different pistols, were similar. At the range of five centimetres, the narrowest part of contusion ring significantly differs even through pistol wounds. Diameters at the range of 10 centimetres are in favor of these results. Gunpowder residue scattering area was statistically different depending of type of weapon (p = 0.004). Conclusion. Wound diameters and surface area are useful for differentiation between pistol and rifle caused wounds. It is unsecure method for determination of pistol caliber or fire range. GSR have much greater potential for future analyses, but even GSR cannot be used to determine pistol caliber.

scholarly journals An analysis of project selection and assignment criteria of Danish tenders in Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Jesper Larsen ◽  
◽  
Lene Ussing ◽  
Thomas Bruno ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
New Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
Bidding Process

Public construction agencies are one of the largest developers within the Danish construction industry, where such agencies own and develop new public construction projects. Most of these projects are put out in European tender. This study analyses the selection and assignment criteria employed by these agencies in different types of public sector projects.Some of the objectives pursued by the study include the determination of 1/ the selection and assignment criteria mostly used in Danish public tenders 2/how different types of projects use selection and assignment criteria in the bidding process, and 3/any significant difference between the use of selection and assignment criteria in Danish public construction projects. The study uses a quantitative research approach where 157 Danish public tender cases were selected from the European Tenders Electronic Daily database between the period: January 2010 to March 2013. Fisher's Exact Test was conducted to determine if there was any significant use of some selection and assignment criteria. The findings of the study showed that invited tenders with pre-qualification and lowest pricein 69.8% of the tenders are the most used selection and assignment criteria, with little regard to project type.

Solid-Phase Extraction Method for Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Hams Processed with Elastic Rubber Netting

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Pensabene ◽  
Walter Fiddler ◽  
Robert A Gates
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cured Meat ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Elastic Rubber ◽  
Spe Method

Abstract A method was developed for the determination of volatile N-nitrosamines in hams processed In elastic rubber nettings. The method was based on a modification of a solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure used in the past to determine selected nitrosamines in different types of cured meat products. The nitrosamines detected in ham most likely originate from the amine precursors in rubber and from the nitrite commonly used in the meat curing process. The method was compared with 2 established procedures for N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA) analysis in cured meat products: the mineral oil distillation procedure (MOD) and the low temperature vacuum distillation procedure (LTVD). All 3 methods used the same gas chromatographic/chemlluminescent detection conditions and system. No significant difference was found between the MOD and LTVD methods. These methods were found to yield significantly higher NDBA levels than the SPE procedure. When 2,6-dimethylmorpholine was added to the sample before analysis in the MOD and LTVD procedures, artifactual nitrosamines were formed. No artifactual formation was noted in the SPE method. We propose that the new SPE method replace the current methods being used for analysis of netted, cured meat products.

scholarly journals Determination of mothers’ depression levels by the type of special educational services they get for their autistic children

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 6092
Author(s):  
Bahar Odabaş Özgür ◽  
Mürşit Aksoy ◽  
Mensure Aydın ◽  
Serkan Koçkaya ◽  
Bergün Meriç Bingül
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Children Education ◽  
Life Coaches

The purpose of this study is to determine the depression levels of mothers by the type of special educational services they got for their autistic children. Mothers of 20 male autistics and 5 female autistics participated in the study as volunteers. %24 of families got educational services from life coaches, %48 from O.Ç.E.M (Autistic Children Education Centers) and %28 from rehabilitation centers. Beck depression scale applied to volunteers to determine the depression levels (SCORES, Life Coach =16±7,05, O.Ç.E.M =13,83±7,05, Rehabilitation Center =25,57±9,28). Data were presented as mean, SD, frequency for description purpose. Variables were analyzed and were calculated by using Kruskal Wallis Test and Mann Whitney U tests. There is a significance difference at level of P<0.05 (p=0,035) between parents which get different types of special educational services. As a result; significant difference has found in the depression levels of parents which get special educational services from rehabilitation centers found more depressive then O.Ç.E.M and life coach services. 

The importance of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Fares Najari ◽  
Hadi Jafari ◽  
Ali Mohammad Alimohammadi ◽  
Dorsa Najari
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Objective: Determination of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds is important due to the necessity of immediate workup in the emergency room as well as the legal aspects of cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds referred to autopsy hall of legal medicine bureau of Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2017. Methods: In this analytical comparative study, 202 consecutive cadavers of gunshot victims, referred to Tehran Legal Medical Hall from 2014 to 2017, were enrolled and the effect of shotgun and gunshot wound were determined and compared. Data were collected using a researchermade questionnaire. The significance level of the tests was considered as P<0.05. Spearman correlation coefficient and chi-square tests were used accordingly. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: In this study, all women were killed by gunshot. Also, all of the 26 people who were killed by shotgun were men. The mean of age only in males was 39-48 years for shotgun, and 29-38 years in both genders for gunshot. Evaluation of their clothes in the emergency room and autopsy hall was helpful in 70% of cases in order to determine shot distance and type of gun (P=0.0001). Conversely, we did not observe a significant difference between sex (P=0.082) and the pattern of death (P=0.211). Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it seems that some characteristics of victim’s clothes may be useful to differentiate shotgun and gunshot.

Experimental Study on Determination of Total Iron in Water by Automatic Discrete Spectrophotometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Bing Tao Liu ◽  
Peng Ju Ding
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Significant Difference

A new method was introduced for rapid measurement of iron ions in drinking water by automatic discrete spectrophotometry. In the iron concentration range 0-1.5mg/L, the linear relationship was good and the correlation coefficient was 0.9998. The total iron detection of recovery efficiency was 99.94%±1.6% and detection limit was 0.006mg/L and precision of the RSD% was 0.35%. The results show that the method was direct, fast, stable operation and lower iron concentration in water can be accurately detected.There is no significant difference compared with the results of atomic absorption spectrometry methods.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of the behaviour of different types of joints in the steel structure model subjected to earthquake loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012227
Author(s):  
T Jaroszewski ◽  
T Falborski ◽  
R Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Earthquake Loading ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Seismic Excitations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The present paper reports the results of the experimental study performed to investigate the behaviour of two different types of joints (destroyed and welded ones) in the model of the steel structure under seismic excitations. The structure was subjected to three earthquakes, namely Kobe, Loma Prieta and Northridge, using the shaking table investigation. The results obtained from the study indicate that there is a significant difference between the behaviour of destroyed joints and welded ones. It was concluded that the destroyed joints experience higher acceleration than the welded joints during different earthquakes.

Comparison of Different Swabs for Sampling Inorganic Gunshot Residue from Gunshot Wounds: Applicability and Reliability for the Determination of Firing Distance

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Merli ◽  
Alberto Amadasi ◽  
Debora Mazzarelli ◽  
Annalisa Cappella ◽  
Elisa Castoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Gunshot Residue ◽  
Firing Distance

Evaluation of Microgap Size and Microbial Leakage in the Connection Area of 4 Abutments With Straumann (ITI) Implant

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Rismanchian ◽  
Mahnaz Hatami ◽  
Hamid Badrian ◽  
Navid Khalighinejad ◽  
Hossein Goroohi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Abutment Screw

A microgap between implant and abutment can lead to mechanical and biological problems such as abutment screw fracture and peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate microgap size and microbial leakage in the connection area of 4 different abutments to ITI implants. In this experimental study, 36 abutments in 4 groups (including Cast On, Castable, Solid, and Synocta abutments) connected to Straumann fixtures (with their inner part inoculated with bacterial suspension) and microbial leakage were assessed at different times. The size of the microgap in 4 randomized locations was then measured by scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and by 1-way variance statistical test, Kruskal-Wallis, and their supplementary tests (Mann-Whitney HSD and Tukey's; α = .05) at the next step. The effect of using different types of abutments was significant on the mean microgap size (P &lt; .001) and on the mean number of leaked colonies (CFU/mL) through the connection area of the implant and abutment within the first 5 hours of the experiment (P = .012); however, it did not significantly influence microleakage at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 14 days (P = .145). Using Synocta abutments compared with Solid abutments will not provide us with more accommodation, and vice versa. Using Solid and Synocta abutments can significantly decrease the microgap size; however, Cast On abutments do not show a significant difference in terms of microgap compared with Castable abutments. Microleakage in the connection area is comparable for these 4 abutments.

The Effect of Nose Drops on an Acute Sinusitis: An Experimental Study in the Rabbit

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Bende ◽  
Anders ÅKerlund ◽  
Marcos Intaglietta ◽  
Karl E. Arfors
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Sinus Mucosa ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

An animal model was developed to study the effect of nose drops on an acute sinusitis. Leukocyte-stimulating n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was added to polyvinyl sponges and placed bilaterally into the maxillary sinuses of the rabbit. Oxymetazoline nose drops were applied in one nasal cavity, on the contralateral side, using the application of saline as control. After 2 hours, the animals were killed, and the sponges were removed for analysis of leukocyte content by light microscopy and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO), an intracellular enzyme in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The sinus mucosa was dissected bilaterally and prepared for whole-amount light microscopy. There was a reduced number of leukocytes in the sinus mucosa on the side treated with oxymetazoline nose drops compared with the contralateral side. No significant differences were found in the number of leukocytes or MPO in the sponges. The effect of oxymetazoline may be due to its blood-flow-reducing effect or an effect on the endothelium in the microvascular bed.

scholarly journals Is it possible to determine firearm calibre and shooting range from the examination of gunshot residue in close range gunshot wounds? An experimental study

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Gradaščević ◽  
Emina Resić ◽  
Nermin Sarajlić ◽  
Bruno Franjić ◽  
Arif Salkić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Gunshot Residue ◽  
Entrance Wound ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Lead Nickel ◽  
Shooting Distance

Introduction: The aim of the study was determining the type of weapon and shooting distance depending on chemical analysis of inorganic gunshot residue from the skin gunshot wounds in experimental animals (pigs).Methods: Experimental study was conducted in order to determine components and their percentage in gunshot residue (GSR). In 60 samples, pig skin was shot by fi ring projectiles from four different weapons and from three different distances (contact wound and near contact wound from 5 cm and 10 cm). The methodology included determining the presence of inorganic material: antimony, barium, lead, nickel, zinc and copper in the skin and subcutaneous tissue using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS).Results: Formula for determining weapon type was provided cutt-off points for different weapons, with 78.6% of original grouped cases being correctly classifi ed. Formula for determining weapon type was provided cutt-off points for different distances, with 58.9% of original grouped cases being correctly classified, which was slightly less reliable compared to weapon type discrimination analysis.Conclusion: The presented study showed that chemical analysis of GSR in entrance wound with AAS could be useful in determining the type of weapon, as well as the shooting distance, i.e. in our study, determiningwhether the wound is contact or near contact. This could be particularly useful in postmortally putrefi ed or charred bodies with gunshot wounds.

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