scholarly journals Dental status of adults in the eastern region of Republika Srpska

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Nikola Stojanovic ◽  
Jelena Krunic ◽  
Smiljka Cicmil
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Republika Srpska

Introduction. A significant change in frequency and characteristics of oral diseases in developed countries has been detected recently. The aim of this study was to determine the dental status of teeth in adults in the eastern region of Republika Srpska and to determine possible difference in the prevalence of dental diseases according to the demographic characteristics. Materials and Methods. The study included 182 respondents aged 35-44 years and 185 respondents aged 65-74 years, selected randomly from four municipalities in the eastern region of Republika Srpska. Dental examinations were conducted according to the standards and criteria developed by the World Health Organization. Dental status, determined by DMFT index, was analyzed according to the gender and place of residence (urban/rural). Results. The mean DMFT index was 20.2 in the age group 35-44 years and 28.5 in subjects aged 65-74 years. The dominant component of the index in both studied groups was the number of extracted teeth. For subjects aged 65-74 years from rural areas a significantly higher DMFT index as compared to the residents in urban regions (p<0.05) was reported. Females had fewer caries lesions (p<0.05) and greater number of restored (p<0.01) teeth as compared to male respondents in the age group 35-44 years. On the other hand, in the older population study group, females had lower number of restored teeth (p<0.01), higher number of missing teeth (p<0.01) and higher DMFT index (p<0.2001) as compared to males. Conclusion. The present results indicate that the prevalence of caries in adults in the eastern region of Republika Srpska is very high.

scholarly journals Dental status in adults of the municipality of Foca

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zuza ◽  
Igor Radovic ◽  
Jelena Krunic ◽  
Nikola Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dmft Index

Introduction. Dental caries has been one of the oldest but still one of the most common oral diseases in humans. Even though it has been almost eradicated in developed countries due to increased fluoride use, adoption of proper oral hygiene habits and systematic implementation of preventive programs, caries remained one of leading oral diseases in developing countries. Epidemiological data about the prevalence of caries is very important for prediction of need for dental care, number of dental care providers as well as financial aspect. The aim of this study was to determine dental status and indicate dental treatment need in adults of the municipality of Foca, Republika Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Material and Methods. The study included 244 randomly selected residents (131 males and 113 females) from the municipality of Foca which were divided into three age groups: 20-29, 30-39 and 40-49 years. Dental status and need for dental treatment were determined in accordance to the criteria and methodology of the World Health Organization. Results. Mean value of DMFT index was 12.7 for the first age group, 16.4 for the second and 20.5 for the third age group of respondents. Dominant components in the first group were restored and carious teeth while in the third age group number of extracted teeth dominated. Also, in the third age group of respondents need for one and two or more surfaces fillings was significantly lower (p<0.01), but need for removable dentures was significantly higher (p<0.01) as compared to other two groups. Conclusion. These results indicated high value of DMFT index in adult population of the municipality of Foca.

scholarly journals Prevalence of caries and gingivitis among school children in the municipality of Foca

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Stevanka Djordjevic ◽  
Tanja Ivanovic ◽  
Aleksandra Zuza ◽  
Dajana Nogo-Zivanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kulic
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Female Students ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Republika Srpska ◽  
Carious Teeth

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of caries and gingivitis among adolescents who attend school in the municipality of Foca, Republika Srpska. Material and Methods. The total number of 352 school children - 135 students of the ninth grade of primary school (aged 15 years) and 217 students of the third and fourth grade of high school (aged 17-18 years) - were included in this cross-section study. The incidence of dental caries using DMFT index and its components was calculated as recommended by the World Health Organization. Periodontal tissue condition was determined using gingival index (GI) by L?e and Silness. Results. The mean DMFT in students age 15 was 6.6, and in students age 17-18 was 9.5. The dominant components of DMFT index in both studied groups were filled and carious teeth. In regards to gender, female students age 15 had significantly greater number of extracted teeth than male students (p<0.05). In older age group, females had significantly more filled teeth than males (p<0.05). Mild gingivitis was present in both studied groups. Conclusion. Our results showed that caries prevalence in the tested groups was high and mild gingivitis was present in most patients.

scholarly journals Dental Status and Prosthetic Rehabilitation in Elderly Population in Relation to Socioeconomic Factors in Republika Srpska

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Igor Radović ◽  
Lado Davidović ◽  
Jelena Krunić ◽  
Nikola Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Republika Srpska

Summary : Introduction The aim of this study was to determine dental status and prosthetic rehabilitation in elderly population in relation to socioeconomic factors in Republika Srpska. Material and Methods The study included 262 subjects (133 males and 129 females) aged 65-74 years. Dental status was assessed using DMFT index and its components (D - decayed, M - extracted, F - filled tooth) and analysed in relation to socioeconomic factors: gender, level of education and monthly income. Prosthetic restorations were recorded for both jaws in accordance with criteria of the World Health Organisation. Results The mean DMFT was 27.2. Females had the highest DMFT index score (29.1) while highly educated subjects had the lowest score (22.7). The mean number of missing teeth was 22.7. There were 28.2% edentulous respondents. Significant difference in the number of edentulous persons was recorded in relation to gender, education and monthly income. In total, 16.8% of subjects had functional dentition (≥20 natural teeth). 48.5% and 32.1% of elderly respondents were found to have at least one form of prosthetic restoration in upper and lower jaw, respectively. Complete dentures were the most common prosthetic restorations. Conclusion Socioeconomic factors influenced dental status in elderly population. Removable dentures were more common restorations compared to crowns and bridges.

scholarly journals Status of birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant women in rural areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Sunil Pal Singh Chajhlana ◽  
T. V. D. Prathyusha ◽  
Manoj Aravind Bhumi ◽  
Rama Krishna Narashima Mahabhashyam ◽  
Maruti Sarma Mannava Varaprasada
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Complication Readiness ◽  
Joint Family ◽  
Training Centre

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 529,000 women die annually from maternal causes. Ninety-nine percent of these deaths occur in the less developed countries. Every seven minutes - an Indian woman dies from complication related to pregnancy and child birth. For every woman who dies, 30 more women suffer injuries, infection and disability.Birth-Preparedness and Complication-Readiness (BP/CR) is a package to empower women, her family and the community to promote maternal and neonatal survival. It has been recognized as a standard component of the programs designed to make pregnancy safer.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics between May 2014-August 2014 at Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC). A total 274 pregnant women who had given consent for the study have been included in the study. Data was collected by interview in local language and a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed according to Modified Kuppuswamy’s classification (as per June 2015 CPI index. BP/CR was calculated by a set of seven indicators which has been developed by the John Hopkin Bloomberg School of Public Health.Results: A total of 274 pregnant women have participated in the study. Only half of pregnant women (54.0) were well prepared by fulfilling atleast four indicators of BPCR. Pregnant women in the age group of >30 years, educational status of pregnant women Occupational status of both pregnant women and their husbands and regular antenatal checks ups and their husbands and joint family have significant associations for well birth preparedness and complication readiness (p<0.0005).Conclusions:Pregnant women in the age group of >30 years, educational status of pregnant women and their husbands and joint family have significant associations for well birth preparedness and complication readiness.  

scholarly journals Prevalence of melancholy in swat valley, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
Depressed Individual ◽  
Swat Valley ◽  
Health Organization

Melancholy is major mental challenges that is characterize by sadness, sleep disorder, decrease energy, etc. It also have a great social and mental consequences, it is well know that depression will be the second largest cause of disability globally till 2020. The risk are even higher in developed countries. According to world health organization globally it effect more than 121 million people. Depression is a complex and multi-dimensional anarchy according to it has many faces and cannot be describing by one simple formula because it originate from numerous complex mechanism. Multi-faced nature of depression makes it difficult to find out its etiology. The purpose of this study is to find out the prevalence of melancholy in different age groups and genders in district Swat. Overall 300 samples were collected randomly across different age groups and genders in which we found the prevalence of melancholy were 48.3% in which male depressed individual were 27.6% while female depressed were 20.6%. The number of depressed individual were maximum in age group vary from 10-20 which is 15%. To conclude depression is easily manageable but it need understanding that how to control your feeling and thought and think new and positively.

Frequency of Severity and Types of Hearing Impairment In Children of Age 5 to 10 Years in Audiology Department

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Akhtar ◽  
Azmat Tahira ◽  
Ambreen Sadaf ◽  
Maria Shahzadi ◽  
Umair Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Hearing impairment also known as hearing loss is a total or partial incapability to hear. Hard of hearing individuals have difficulty understanding speech sounds. The hearing tribulations in children could have an effect on the ability to learn spoken language as well as in adults it could be able to generate difficulty with social communication in addition to at work. Objective: To determine the Frequency of severity level along with its types of hearing loss in children age 5 to 15 years coming to the Department of Audiology in Children Hospital and ICH, Lahore. Methods: The Descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the Audiology Department of Children Hospital and ICH in Lahore District, Punjab Province, Pakistan. Children of age limit between 5 to 15 years were had screened and examine for hearing impairment according to the World Health Organization (WHO) protocols. A purposive sampling technique was used. The Case-control analysis of the audiometric test had performed to find out the type and degree of Hearing loss, follow by Chi-Square analysis. Results: The total of 175 children comprised the study population, in which 51.4% (n=90) children belong to the age group of 10-12 years, had Moderate to Severe SNHL due to Birth complications and lack of awareness about Preventable hearing loss especially in rural areas of Pakistan, 28.5% (n=50) children belong to the age group of 13-15 years, had Severe to Profound SNHL due to Consanguineous marriages, 20% (n=35) children belong to the age group of 7-9 years, had Mild to Moderate CHL due to Ear Discharge and other complications like Tonsillitis and Adenoids, etc. Conclusions: This study concluded that a total of 175 children participated in that research, in which 90 children had Moderate to Severe SNHL, 50 children had Severe to Profound SNHL and 35 children had Mild to Moderate CHL.    

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of patients utilising public oral health services in Limpopo province, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence K. Thema ◽  
Shenuka Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Oral Health Services ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The Impact

Background: Despite the impact of oral diseases on the quality of life, there is limited updated evidence on oral health status in Limpopo province.Objectives: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients utilising public oral health services in Limpopo province.Method: This was a descriptive retrospective clinical chart review conducted in five purposively selected district hospitals in Limpopo province. The collected data included the patient’s sociodemographic information, reasons for dental consultation, information on the dental or oral diseases and the treatment received. Five hundred clinical files were systematically selected (100 from each district hospital) for the period 01 January 1995 to 31 December 2013. Data were collected using the World Health Organization’s indicator age groups, namely 6-year-olds, 12-year-olds, 18-year-olds and 35–44-year-old groups. A data capturing sheet was used to record the collected information. Data were analysed using the statistical software package for social sciences SPSS version 23.0.Results: The majority of patients were in the age group of 6 to 20 years (n = 375, 75%). The majority were male patients (n = 309; 62%). Dental caries was the most common complaint (n = 298, 60%). The second most common main complaint in this age group was retained primary or deciduous teeth (n = 60, 12%) affecting children mainly in the age group of 6 to 12 years. The most common clinical procedure across all five districts was dental extractions (n = 324, 64%). Other clinical interventions included scaling and polishing (n = 33, 12%) and dental restorative care (n = 20, 3%).Conclusion: There is an urgent need to reorient oral health service delivery in Limpopo province to focus more on preventive oral health programmes.

scholarly journals Oral health in children with hearing and speech impairment in Banjaluka

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Djeri ◽  
Irena Kuzmanovic-Radman ◽  
Milkica Grabez ◽  
Zorislava Bajic ◽  
Alma Prtina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dmft Index

Introduction. Children with hearing impairment do not understand speech without specific instructions and cannot meet daily life requirements. Children with hearing and speech impairment have higher DMFT index and poorer oral hygiene than healthy children of the same age. The aim of this study was to determine oral health status and the prevalence of dental caries in children attending The Center for Education and Rehabilitation of Speech and Hearing in Banjaluka. Material and Methods. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study and it included 66 children of both genders, age 3 to 18 years, with deciduous, mixed and permanent dentition. General information about the respondents, their socioeconomic status, dental hygiene habits and frequency of dental visits were obtained using a questionnaire. Dental examination was performed using a dental mirror, regular and proximal probe on the daylight, in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines. Oral examination included: number of present teeth, presence of caries, restorations, number of extracted teeth. These data was entered in each patient?s dental record. The DMFT index was used for the assessment of dental status. Results. Results showed that the mean DMFT value in the total sample was 7.79. There was no significant difference in the DMFT index between genders (p=0.19). The significant difference was not found between children who live with parents and those who live in foster families (p=0.15). It was observed that the respondents from rural areas had higher DMFT index (8.68) than respondents from urban areas (5.83). The DMFT index increased with age and school age (p<0.001). Examined patients were most affected with dental caries (6.62%) and least affected with extracted teeth (0.38%). It was revealed that 6% of respondents do not brush their teeth, and 25.8% of respondents had never visited dentist. Conclusion. Children with hearing and speech impairment from Banjaluka have low level of oral health. The DMFT index, as one of the most important parameters of oral health in these children was much higher compared to European countries and other countries in the region.

scholarly journals Comparative study to determine self-medication practice and pattern in urban and rural areas of Etawah district

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Nishant Singh ◽  
Naresh Pal Singh ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Jain ◽  
Vaibhav Singh ◽  
Shailendra Chaurasiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: According to William Osler, a great feature which distinguishes man from animals is the desire to take medicine. Self-medication is an age old practice. According to World Health Organization guidelines “self-medication is defined as use of medicinal products by the individuals to treat self-recognized disorders or symptoms, or the intermittent or continuous use of a medication prescribed by a physician for chronic or recurring diseases or symptoms.Methods: It was a cross sectional study, which was conducted among residents of urban and rural areas of Etawah district, Uttar Pradesh by using 40×5 cluster sampling. The data was collected by using pre designed, semi-structured questionnaire. Proforma included socio- demographic profile, practice of self- medication and pattern of self-medication.Results: Most of the participants who indulged in self-medication in urban areas 69.5% and rural areas 65% belong to the age group 20-39 years. Majority of the participants (51.0%) in urban areas belonged to the nuclear family while most of the participants (50%) belonged to joint family followed by nuclear family (40%) in rural areas. most common reason for self-medication in urban area was the availability of old prescription which is present in 30.0% (60) of subjects but in rural area most common reason for self-medication was high fee of doctor which was 29.0% (58).Conclusions: Most common age group indulged in self-medication was 20-39 years. Most common reason for self-medication was availability of old prescription at home while in rural area, high fees of doctor was the common reason for self-medication.

scholarly journals Health Literacy and Regional Heterogeneities in China: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Li ◽  
Yongquan Tian ◽  
Zhicheng Gong ◽  
Long Qian
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Adequate Health Literacy ◽  
Health Literacy Level ◽  
Literacy Level

Background: Health literacy is essential to population health, yet few studies have described the geographic variation in health literacy in China. This study aimed to investigate the level of health literacy, its regional heterogeneities, as well as influencing factors of health literacy in 25 provinces or municipalities in China.Methods: The study was conducted among residents aged 15–69 years from 25 provinces or municipalities in China in 2017. Health literacy was measured using the Chinese Health Literacy Scale. MapInfo software was used to map the geographic distribution. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for the factors associated with the health literacy level in the overall and regional samples.Results: A total of 3,482 participants were included in the study, comprising 1,792 (51.5%) males and 1,690 (48.5%) females. Notable geographic variation was observed in health literacy levels. The proportion of respondents with adequate health literacy was 22.3% overall, 33.0% in the eastern region, 23.1% in the central region, and 17.6% in the western region. The proportion of adequate health literacy in the different provinces and municipalities ranged from 10.5% (Xinjiang) to 47.0% (Beijing). Being a female [odds ratio (OR) = 1.353; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.146–1.597], having a high education level [OR ranging from 2.794 (CI: 1.469–5.314) to 9.458 (CI: 5.251–17.036)], having a high economic status [OR ranging from 1.537 (CI: 1.248–1.891) to 1.850 (CI: 1.498–2.284)], having a good self-rated health status [OR ranging from 2.793 (CI: 1.534–5.083) to 3.003 (CI: 1.672–5.395)], and having frequent community health education (OR = 1.588; 95% CI: 1.066–2.365) were independently associated with adequate health literacy.Conclusions: The health literacy level in the 25 provinces or municipalities of China is relatively low compared to the developed countries, and there are heterogeneities among different regions, between urban and rural areas, and among different social groups. Tailored health education and promotion strategies are needed for different subgroups of residents.

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