scholarly journals The reliability of serogroup determination in the detection of Escherichia coli as a causative agent of sporadic and epidemic occurrence of enterocolitis

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Valentina Stojanovic ◽  
Miloje Cobeljic
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
Sporadic Cases

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of virulence factors (heat-labile, heat-stable enterotoxin, verotoxin, invasiveness, localized, aggregative and diffuse adherence) among E. coli strains isolated from sporadic cases and outbreaks of enterocolitis, which belonged to serogroups characteristic for enteropathogenic E. coli. Serogroup was determined in 57.2% of 622 strains isolated from sporadic cases, and among them virulence factors were detected in 23.6%. Serogroup was also determined in 73.3% of 90 outbreaks isolates tested and virulence factors were detected in 97% of them. The detection rate of virulence factors rarely exceeded 50% among strains belonging to any of serogroup that was determined. The obtained data suggested that the identification of E. coli as a causative agent of enterocolitis by serogroup determination was a reliable method in outbreaks, but not in sporadic cases of this disease.

An update on the microbiology and epidemiology of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in England 2010–2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1531-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Sakkejha ◽  
Lisa Byrne ◽  
Andy J. Lawson ◽  
Claire Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Infantile Diarrhoea ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Atypical Epec ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sporadic Cases

Historically, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) are a well-known cause of outbreaks of infantile diarrhoea associated with morbidity and mortality in England. The aim of this study was to provide an update on the microbiology and epidemiology of strains of EPEC in England between 2010 and 2012. A wide range of E. coli serogroups were identified, with the most common being E. coli O145, O49 and O157. Few isolates (9 %) had additional virulence factors (specifically bfp, vtx2f and espT genes) and the majority were classified as atypical EPEC. The majority of cases (86 %) were among children. This included a significantly higher percentage (17.4 %) of cases aged 0–12 months when compared with cases of other common gastrointestinal pathogens (P<0.001). No outbreaks were reported during this period; however, the data indicated that EPEC are still an important cause of sporadic cases of infantile diarrhoea in England.

Multiplex Real-Time PCR Detection of Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Toxin Genes in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli †

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL A. GRANT ◽  
JINXIN HU ◽  
KAREN C. JINNEMAN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile

A multiplex real-time PCR method was developed for detection of heat-labile and heat-stable toxin genes in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Approximately 10 CFU per reaction mixture could be detected in rinsates from produce samples. Several foods representative of varieties previously shown to have caused enterotoxigenic E. coli outbreaks were spiked and enriched for 4 or 6 h. Both heat-labile and heat-stable toxin genes could be detected in the foods tested, with the exception of hot sauce, with threshold cycle values ranging from 25.2 to 41.1. A procedure using membrane filtration which would allow enumeration of the enterotoxigenic E. coli population in a food sample in less than 28 h by real-time PCR analysis of colonies picked from media highly selective for E. coli was also developed.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Januszkiewicz ◽  
Waldemar Rastawicki
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains also called verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) represent one of the most important groups of food-borne pathogens that can cause several human diseases such as hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic – uremic syndrome (HUS) worldwide. The ability of STEC strains to cause disease is associated with the presence of wide range of identified and putative virulence factors including those encoding Shiga toxin. In this study, we examined the distribution of various virulence determinants among STEC strains isolated in Poland from different sources. A total of 71 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains isolated from human, cattle and food over the years 1996 – 2010 were characterized by microarray and PCR detection of virulence genes. As stx1a subtype was present in all of the tested Shiga toxin 1 producing E. coli strains, a greater diversity of subtypes was found in the gene stx2, which occurred in five subtypes: stx2a, stx2b, stx2c, stx2d, stx2g. Among STEC O157 strains we observed conserved core set of 14 virulence factors, stable in bacteria genome at long intervals of time. There was one cattle STEC isolate which possessed verotoxin gene as well as sta1 gene encoded heat-stable enterotoxin STIa characteristic for enterotoxigenic E. coli. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of virulence gene profiles identified in STEC strains isolated from human, cattle and food in Poland. The results obtained using microarrays technology confirmed high effectiveness of this method in determining STEC virulotypes which provides data suitable for molecular risk assessment of the potential virulence of this bacteria.

scholarly journals Use of colony pools for diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-497
Author(s):  
M H Merson ◽  
R B Sack ◽  
A K Kibriya ◽  
A Al-Mahmood ◽  
Q S Adamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Stool Cultures ◽  
Made In

Diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea was made in 109 adult males with an acute dehydrating cholera-like syndrome in Dacca, Bangladesh, by testing 10 colonies isolated from admission stool specimens for production of heat-labile and heat-stable toxins. Toxin testing of one colony yielded a diagnosis in 92% of the cases, testing of two colonies yielded a diagnosis in 95% of the cases, testing of a pool of 5 colonies yielded a diagnosis in 95% of the cases, and testing of a pool of 10 colonies yielded a diagnosis in 96% of the cases. From stool cultures obtained on subsequent days, toxin testing of individual colonies and pools revealed diminished efficacy of pooling with decreasing numbers of enterotoxin-positive isolates in the pool. To detect the presence of enterotoxigenic E. coli in stools, toxin testing of 5 individual isolates and a pool of 10 colonies was found to be almost as effective as the testing of 10 individual isolates.

scholarly journals Escherichia coliin gastroenteritis of children in Auckland, New Zealand

1981 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Goldwater ◽  
K. A. Bettelheim ◽  
R. B. Ellis-Pegler
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
Toxigenic Strains

SummaryA study of stoolEscherichia coliin 60 children with gastroenteritis and 18 control children was carried out in Auckland, New Zealand in 1977. Toxigenic strains, heat labile and heat stable, predominated in the stools of only three children, all of whom had concomitant rotavirus. Classical enteropathogenicE. coli(EPEC) were found in patients and controls. Only one patient had many EPEC in the stool (086. H2), they were variably toxigenic and rotavirus was also present. No toxigenic serotype was isolated. Two potential pathogens were sometimes found. Overall there was no evidence for a substantial causative role for disease producingE. coliin these children.

scholarly journals Serogroups and virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolated from psittacine birds

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 916-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terezinha Knöbl ◽  
André B.S Saidenberg ◽  
Andrea M Moreno ◽  
Tânia A.T Gomes ◽  
Mônica A.M Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Serum Resistance ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1

Escherichia coli isolates from 24 sick psittacine birds were serogrouped and investigated for the presence of genes encoding the following virulence factors: attaching and effacing (eae), enteropathogenic E. coli EAF plasmid (EAF), pili associated with pyelonephritis (pap), S fimbriae (sfa), afimbrial adhesin (afa), capsule K1 (neu), curli (crl, csgA), temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh), enteroaggregative heat-stable enterotoxin-1 (astA), heat-stable enterotoxin -1 heat labile (LT) and heat stable (STa and STb) enterotoxins, Shiga-like toxins (stx1 and stx2), cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (cnf1), haemolysin (hly), aerobactin production (iuc) and serum resistance (iss). The results showed that the isolates belonged to 12 serogroups: O7; O15; O21; O23; O54; O64; O76; O84; O88; O128; O152 and O166. The virulence genes found were: crl in all isolates, pap in 10 isolates, iss in seven isolates, csgA in five isolates, iuc and tsh in three isolates and eae in two isolates. The combination of virulence genes revealed 11 different genotypic patterns. All strains were negative for genes encoding for EAF, EAEC, K1, sfa, afa, hly, cnf, LT, STa, STb, stx1 and stx2. Our findings showed that some E. coli isolated from psittacine birds present the same virulence factors as avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) pathotypes.

scholarly journals Single Chain Variable Fragments Produced in Escherichia coli against Heat-Labile and Heat-Stable Toxins from Enterotoxigenic E. coli

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0131484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Y. Ozaki ◽  
Caio R. F. Silveira ◽  
Fernanda B. Andrade ◽  
Roberto Nepomuceno ◽  
Anderson Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
Single Chain Variable Fragments

scholarly journals Virulence factors of entericEscherichia coliin young Aboriginal children in north-west Australia

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Gunzburg ◽  
B. J. Chang ◽  
V. Burke ◽  
M. Gracey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
North West ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Aboriginal Children

SUMMARYEnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli(ETEC) were the most frequently identified enteric pathogens associated with diarrhoea in 0–5 year old Aboriginal children in tropical north-west Australia with an incidence similar to those from other tropical regions. Heat-stable toxin-producing (ST + ) strains were associated with diarrhoea throughout the year but heat-labile toxin-producing (LT + ) strains were more important in the monsoonal summer season. ST + strains were commonest in children with diarrhoea between 6 and 18 months of age while LT + strains were associated with diarrhoea in children aged 18–24 months. VerotoxigenicE. coli(VTEC) which produced VT1, but not VT2, and enteroadherent (EAF + )E. coliwere significant causes of diarrhoea, mainly in children below 18 months but without a seasonal pattern.

Survey of Commercially Available Cheese for Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli1

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
BONITA A. GLATZ ◽  
STEVEN A. BRUDVIG
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile

Seventy-eight commercial cheese samples were tested for the presence of Escherichia coli. None of the 136 E. coli isolates obtained produced either heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxin, as measured in standard assays. None agglutinated in polyvalent antisera used to screen for classical enteropathogenic serotypes. None of the 47 E. coli isolates obtained from six raw milk samples produced enterotoxin, but eight agglutinated in one or more of the polyvalent antisera.

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