scholarly journals Radiographic cephalometry analysis of dimensions of condylar processus in persons with mandibular prognathism

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 513-519
Author(s):  
Tatjana Cutovic ◽  
Jasna Pavlovic ◽  
Ruzica Kozomara
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Neck Area ◽  
The Face ◽  
Condylar Neck

Introduction/Aim. There are numerous factors that influence the formation of condylar processus: the growth and development of cranial base, growth and development of the jaws and alveolar extensions, teething, the way of intercuspidation, the overlap of incisors, functions of masticatory muscles, etc. Considering the fact that the above-mentioned factors significantly differ in persons with different morphological set of the face, we set a hypothesis that dimensions of condylar processus and the mandibular ramus considerably differ in persons with mandibular prognathism compared to eugnatic persons. The aim of this study was to establish the differences in dimensions of condylar processus between the above-mentioned groups. Methods. Six parameters representing the dimensions of the condylar processus were measured on profile teleradiographs of 30 eugnatic persons and 30 paersons with mandibular prognathism: the height of condylar processus, the height of head of the mandible, width of the head, width of the neck, height of the ramus without the condylar processus and the overall height of the ramus. Results. A considerable difference in the values of the parameters was found, as well as the distribution toward the values of reference. It was found that the height of the condylar processus was significantly greater in persons with mandibular prognathism, whereas the width of the head of the mandible, the width of the neck and the height of the ramus without the condylar processus was considerably decreased within the same group. The height of the head of the mandible and the overall height of the ramus was not significantly changed. Conclusion. In persons with mandibular prognathism, morphological features of the condylar processus are changed. The condylar processus lengthens on account of shortening of the lower part of the ramus, and the mentioned lengthening is the most prominent in its condylar neck area which is also the centre of its most intense growth.

Human Masticatory Muscle Volume and Zygomatico-mandibular Form in Adults with Mandibular Prognathism

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 752-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kitai ◽  
Y. Fujii ◽  
S. Murakami ◽  
S. Furukawa ◽  
S. Kreiborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Zygomatic Arch ◽  
Masticatory Muscle ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporal Fossa ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Masseter Muscles ◽  
Area And Volume

Although several investigators have reported associations between masticatory muscles and skeletal craniofacial form, there is no agreement on the association. We tested the hypothesis that masticatory muscle volume correlates with the size and form of the adjacent local skeletal sites. For this purpose, we investigated the morphological association of the cross-sectional area and volume of temporal and masseter muscles with zygomatico-mandibular skeletal structures using computerized tomography (CT) in 25 male adults with mandibular prognathism. Muscle variables significantly correlated with widths of the bizygomatic arch and temporal fossa but not with the cranium width. Masseter volume significantly correlated with cross-sectional areas of the zygomatic arch and mandibular ramus. Masseter orientation was almost perpendicular to the zygomatic arch and mandibular antegonial region. The zygomatic arch angle significantly correlated with the antegonial angle. The results of the study suggest that the masticatory muscles exert influence on the adjacent local skeletal sites.

scholarly journals A cephalometric analysis of the cranial base and frontal part of the face in patients with mandibular prognathism

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-541
Author(s):  
Tatjana Cutovic ◽  
Nebojsa Jovic ◽  
Ljiljana Stojanovic ◽  
Julija Radojicic ◽  
Irena Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Frontal Part ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

Bacground/Aim. The literature suggests different views on the correlation between the cranial base morphology and size and saggital intermaxillary relationships. The aim of this study was to investigate the cranial base morphology, including the frontal facial part in patients with mandibular prognathism, to clarify a certain ambiguities, in opposing viewspoints in the literature. Methods. Cephalometric radiographies of 60 patients were analyzed at the Dental Clinic of the Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia. All the patients were male, aged 18-35 years, with no previous orthodontic treatment. On the basis of dental and sceletal relations of jaws and teeth, the patients were divided into two groups: the group P (patients with mandibular prognathism) and the group E (the control group or eugnathic patients). A total of 15 cephalometric parametres related to the cranial base, frontal part of the face and sagittal intermaxillary relationships were measured and analyzed. Results. The results show that cranial base dimensions and the angle do not play a significant role in the development of mandibular prognathism. Interrelationship analysis indicated a statistically significant negative correlation between the cranial base angle (NSAr) and the angles of maxillary (SNA) and mandibular (SNB) prognathism, as well as a positive correlation between the angle of inclination of the ramus to the cranial base (GoArNS) and the angle of sagittal intermaxillary relationships (ANB). Sella turcica dimensions, its width and depth, as well as the nasal bone length were significantly increased in the patients with mandibular prognathism, while the other analyzed frontal part dimensions of the face were not changed by the malocclusion in comparison with the eugnathic patients. Conclusion. This study shows that the impact of the cranial base and the frontal part of the face on the development of profile in patients with mandibular prognathism is much smaller, but certainly more complex, so that morphogenetic tests of the maxillomandibular complex should be included in further assessment of this impact.

Cephalometric features of connective tissue dysplasia manifestation in children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Davydov ◽  
D. A. Domenyuk ◽  
S. V. Dmitrienko ◽  
T. A. Kondratyeva ◽  
Yu. S. Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Short Branch ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Face ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Brain Parts

Relevance. The high prevalence of dysplastic disorders involving connective tissue, and its negative effecton the development of dentoalveolar anomalies, carious and non-carious lesions of the teeth, periodontopathy, temporomandibular joint issues in the child population, lay the basis for improving diagnostics algorithms. Enhancing the already available standards is of greatest importance for children at the initial stages of diagnostics when evaluating the external signs of dysplastic disorders.Purpose – improving diagnostics algorithms for connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) in children in primary dental care facilities based on the evaluation of external phenotype signs and maxillofacial morphological features.Materials and methods. Depending on the external phenotype manifestations severity, as well as on laboratory, clinical and instrumental signs, the 92 children with CTD were divided into groups with mild, moderate and severe degrees of undifferentiated dysplasia. Gnathometric and biometric examinations of the maxillofacial area were performed through traditional methods, whereas the diagnosis was set following the generally accepted classifications. The diagnosis confirmation implied evaluation through cone beam computed imaging.Results. The nature and the intensity of morphofunctional disorders in the craniofacial structures (“small” stigmas) depend on the severity of connective tissue dysplastic disorders.Conclusions. The change direction vector in the facial and brain parts of cranium in children with CTD is aimed at increasing hypoplastic tendencies and dolichocephalia, proof to that being the following constitutional and morphological features: the prevalence of the vertical type of face skeleton growth over the horizontal and neutral ones; a convex face profile with a disproportionate general heights of the face skeleton; reduction of latitudinal with an increase in altitude facial parameters; a narrow short branch of the lower jaw; the upper jaw displaced downwards and forward; a decrease in the size of the apical basis of the lower dentition, the lower jaw body, as well as the height and width of the lower jaw branches. 

scholarly journals An Assessment of Skeletal Craniofacial Asymmetry in South Indian Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Anil Kumar ◽  
Saibel Farishta ◽  
G Baiju ◽  
VK Taneja ◽  
RC Minocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
South India ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Base Area ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Face

ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to assess the skeletal craniofacial asymmetry in South Indian population by a posteroanterior cephalometric radiographic method. The skeletal craniofacial structures on one side of the face were compared with that of the other, by drawing various triangles representing different craniofacial regions. The sample consisted of 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) aged between 18 to 25 years, who were mainly dental college students from South India. Overall 52 X-rays were obtained, with four errors each in the male and the female groups. The results revealed that the total facial structures in the South Indian population were larger on the left side (statistically insignificant). The cranial base area exhibited a greater degree of asymmetry than any other component area of the face, which might be due to the inaccuracy at the condylar point. How to cite this article Taneja VK, Kumar GA, Farishta S, Minocha RC, Baiju G, Gopal D. An Assessment of Skeletal Craniofacial Asymmetry in South Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(1):80-84.

scholarly journals Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Currie ◽  
Dena Sawchuk ◽  
Humam Saltaji ◽  
Heesoo Oh ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Craniofacial Growth ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: To provide a synthesis of the published studies evaluating the natural growth and development of the human posterior cranial base (S-Ba). Materials and Methods: The search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and all EBM Reviews electronic databases. In addition, reference lists of the included studies were hand-searched. Articles were included if they analyzed posterior cranial-base growth in humans specifically. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were completed in duplicate. A meta-analysis was not justified. Results: Finally, 23 published studies were selected: 5 cross-sectional and 18 cohort studies. Articles were published between 1955 and 2015, and all were published in English. The sample sizes varied between 20 and 397 individuals and consisted of craniofacial measurements from either living or deceased human skulls. Validity of the measurements was not determined in any of the studies, while six papers reported some form of reliability assessment. All the articles included multiple time points within the same population or data from multiple age groups. Growth of S-Ba was generally agreed to be from spheno-occipital synchondrosis growth. Basion displaced downward and backward and sella turcica moved downward and backward during craniofacial growth. Timing of cessation of S-Ba growth was not conclusive due to limited identified evidence. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that S-Ba is not totally stable, as its dimensions change throughout craniofacial growth and a minor dimensional change is observed even in late adulthood.

scholarly journals The Association between Facial Morphology and Cold Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Ilkoo Ahn ◽  
Kwang-Ho Bae ◽  
Hee-Jeong Jin ◽  
Siwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Features ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Sensory Organs ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
East Asian Medicine ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Facial Shape ◽  
Asian Medicine ◽  
The Face ◽  
Analysis System

Objectives: Facial diagnosis is an important part of clinical diagnosis in traditional East Asian Medicine. In this paper, using a fully automated facial shape analysis system, we show that facial morphological features are associated with cold pattern.Methods: The facial morphological features calculated from 68 facial landmarks included the angles, areas, and distances between the landmark points of each part of the face. Cold pattern severity was determined using a questionnaire and the cold pattern scores (CPS) were used for analysis. The association between facial features and CPS was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficients.Results: The upper chin width and the lower chin width were negatively associated with CPS. The distance from the center point to the middle jaw and the distance from the center point to the lower jaw were negatively associated with CPS. The angle of the face outline near the ear and the angle of the chin line were positively associated with CPS. The area of the upper part of the face and the area of the face except the sensory organs were negatively associated with CPS. The number of facial morphological features that exhibited a statistically significant correlation with CPS was 37 (unadjusted).Conclusions: In this study of a Korean population, subjects with a high CPS had a more pointed chin, longer face, more angular jaw, higher eyes, and more upward corners of the mouth, and their facial sensory organs were relatively widespread.

Facial diplegia of cortical origin

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 851-852
Author(s):  
Ch. Foix ◽  
Т. А. Сhavanу
Keyword(s):  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Facial Diplegia ◽  
The Face

Even cortical facial monoplegia is relatively rare in the clinic, while cortical facial diplegia is very rare. Ch. Foix and T.A. Chavanu describe two cases of diplegia of cortico-subcortical origin (without lesion of subcortical nodes) with phenomena of paralysis of the face, tongue, pharynx and masticatory muscles.

scholarly journals Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome due to Unilateral Anterior Opercular Damage with Contralateral Infarction of Corona Radiata

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihito Yoshii ◽  
Hiromi Sugiyama ◽  
Kazuyuki Kodama ◽  
Takahito Irino
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Pseudobulbar Palsy ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Lesion Topography ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tract Involvement ◽  
And Diffusion

Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome (FCMS) is a rare type of pseudobulbar palsy characterized by automatic-voluntary dissociation of movements of the face, tongue, pharynx, and masticatory muscles. Most cases are due to bilateral ischemic lesions of the anterior operculum, but the syndrome has also been described after unilateral opercular damage, either isolated or associated with contralateral cortico-nuclear tract involvement. We report a patient with FCMS due to right anterior opercular lesion with contralateral infarction of the corona radiata. The patient presented with paralysis of the face and tongue with automatic and voluntary dissociation. To our knowledge, FCMS with this peculiar lesion topography has rarely been reported. We discuss the underlying mechanism with reference to MRI and diffusion tensor imaging.

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