scholarly journals Vegetation of the classes Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 and Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942 in the Jegricka watercourse (The province of Vojvodina, Serbia)

2010 ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejana Dzigurski ◽  
Slobodanka Stojanovic ◽  
Aleksa Knezevic ◽  
Ljiljana Nikolic ◽  
Branka Ljevnaic-Masic
Keyword(s):  
The Black Sea ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
The North ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Main Canal ◽  
Canal Network ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Individual

The Jegricka, once a natural watercourse traversing the southwestern part of the Backa region, has been turned into a canal, which became part of the main canal network of the hydro-system Danube-Tisza-Danube (Hs DTD). In its turn, the Hs DTD is part of the European waterway linking the North Sea to the Black Sea, i.e., part of the navigable Rhine-Main-Danube Canal. The watercourse is 65.4 km long and it is divided into three levels. The presence of the regulated and the nonregulated sections of the canal, frequent and abrupt changes in water level in the individual sections, different depths and surface water widths of the various sections and the fishpond constructed in the lower section cause considerable vegetation diversity. The vegetation comprises aquatic associations of the classes Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 and Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942. The class Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 includes the following phytocoenoses: Salvinio-Spirodeletum polyrrhizae Slavnic 1956, Ceratophylletum demersi (So? 27) Hild. 1956, Lemno-Utricularietum vulgaris So? 1928 and Hydrocharidetum morsus-ranae Van Langendonck 1935. The class Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942 includes the associations Myriophyllo-Potametum So? 1934, Najadetum marine Fukarek 1961, Nymphaeetum albae Vollmar 1947, Nymphoidetum peltate (Allorge 1922) Oberd. et M?ller 1960 and Trapetum natantis M?ller et G?rs 1960.

scholarly journals Multi-Use of the Sea as a Sustainable Development Instrument in Five EU Sea Basins

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8159
Author(s):  
Joanna Przedrzymirska ◽  
Jacek Zaucha ◽  
Helena Calado ◽  
Ivana Lukic ◽  
Martina Bocci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Maritime Spatial Planning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the concept of maritime multi-use as a territorial/SPATIAL governance instrument for the enhancement of sustainable development in five EU sea basins. Multi-use (MU) is expected to enhance the productivity of blue economy sectors, as well as deliver additional socio-economic benefits related to the environmental and social dimensions of sustainable development. The paper provides a definition of maritime multi-use and identifies the multi-uses with the highest potential in EU sea basins. In each sea basin, multi-use plays a different role as concerns sustainable development. For the Eastern Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea, the MU focus should remain on the environmental pillar of sustainable development. In the North Sea, North Atlantic and Western Baltic Sea, addressing social sustainability seems a key precondition for success of MU in enhancement of sustainable spatial development at sea. Moreover, it has been suggested to introduce MU key global strategies such as SDGs or Macroregional strategies and action plans and to supplement maritime spatial planning with sectoral incentives and educational efforts as key vehicles supporting MU. The paper concludes by identifying aspects which, in order to inform maritime spatial planning and maritime governance regarding a more conscious application of the aforementioned concept, require further investigation. Key tasks are related to: more profound evaluation of performance of policies supporting MUs, researching the impact of MU on societal goals and on the MU costs and benefits, including external ones, and finally identifying the impact of MU on the development of various sectors and regions on land.

The River Danube: An Examination of Navigation on the River

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
R. W. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Oxford English Dictionary ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
The North ◽  
River Danube ◽  
The North Sea

One of the definitions of Navigation that gets little attention in this Institute is ‘communication by canals and rivers’ (Oxford English Dictionary), and which our French friends call La Navigation. I have always found this subject fascinating, and have previously navigated the Rivers Mekong, Irrawaddy, Hooghly, Indus, Shatt-al-Arab, Savannah and Rhône. During the middle of 1995 I travelled by barge from the North Sea to the Black Sea via the River Rhine, the Rhein—Main—Donau—Kanal (RMDK) and the River Danube, a distance of approximately 4000 km. This voyage has only recently become possible with the opening of the connecting RMDK at the end of 1992, but has been made little use of because of the civil war in the former Yugoslavia.

scholarly journals Quantitative morphological variation in Sagitta setosa Müller, 1847 (Chaetognatha) and two closely related taxa

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja T.C.A. Peijnenburg ◽  
Annelies C. Pierrot-Bults
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Few Data

This paper reviews the quantitative morphological variation published for Sagitta setosa Müller, 1847 and two other species described within the S. serosa-complex, viz., S. euxina Moltschanoff, 1909 from the Black Sea, and S. batava Biersteker & Van der Spoel, 1966 from the Scheldt Estuary (Netherlands). Data on total (body) length, caudal length, numbers of teeth and hooks, ovary length, and dimensions of fins are compared between these three taxa. Additionally, samples from the North Sea, Mediterranean, and Black Sea are compared to look for geographic differences. Specimens from the Mediterranean were smallest with relatively long caudal segments, and few teeth and hooks, whereas specimens from the Black Sea were largest with relatively short caudal segments and many teeth and hooks. Specimens from the North Sea were intermediate with regards to these characters, but ranges overlapped and there were no obvious differences in allometry. These differences may be ecophenotypic, as the warm and salty Mediterranean Sea and cool and brackish Black Sea are at opposite ends of the environmental spectrum. The dimensions related to the fins showed clearer distinction between samples from different geographical areas, and slight differences in allometry. However, few data were available and little is known about the variance within each geographical area. We found more variation in quantitative characters within S. setosa from different parts of its range than between S. setosa and either S. batava, or S. euxina. Sagitta batava conformed to S. setosa in terms of all the morphological characters considered. The data for S. setosa derived from Biersteker & Van der Spoel (1966) were atypical and were found to be based on misidentifications of S. elegans. Therefore, we concluded that S. batava cannot be considered a separate taxon. For S. euxina, the data were inconclusive. Quantitative data completely overlapped between S. setosa from the Black Sea and S. euxina, but few data of S. setosa from the Black Sea were available. Because samples were either composed entirely of S. setosa or S. euxina (depending on sampling season and depth)and there was a large variation in body lengths and relative ovary lengths, we consider it possible that these samples represent seasonal variants of one and the same species.

“Dreams so Big Only the Sea Can Hold Them”: Man-Made Islands as Anxious Spaces, Cultural Icons, and Travelling Visions

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 2086-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Jackson ◽  
Veronica della Dora
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
New Man ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Planning And Construction

This paper explores a new phenomenon which is assuming global proportions: the planning and construction of artificial islands. Varying in size, shape, and purpose, man-made islands are looming on the horizons of an increasing number of aspiring global cities and regions at the margins of global capitalism. From the Persian Gulf to the Black Sea, from the Caribbean to the North Sea, artificial islands are increasingly embraced as spectacular, technical signifiers of global participation and urban economic progress: as the ‘new cultural icons’. Appropriated in different contexts, island projects, however, can be (and are) also resignified. They thus change in form, meaning, and use. While islands have been objects of renewed interest in cultural and historical geography, surprisingly, these new man-made landforms seem to have gone largely unnoticed. This paper suggests a research agenda to engage with artificial islands as a new ‘metageographical’ category of emergent, yet historically resonant, social space.

scholarly journals The Common Sunstar Crossaster papposus—A Neurotoxic Starfish

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Karl J. Dean ◽  
Ryan P. Alexander ◽  
Robert G. Hatfield ◽  
Adam M. Lewis ◽  
Lewis N. Coates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
The North ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Saxitoxins (STXs) are a family of potent neurotoxins produced naturally by certain species of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria which are extremely toxic to mammalian nervous systems. The accumulation of STXs in bivalve molluscs can significantly impact animal and human health. Recent work conducted in the North Sea highlighted the widespread presence of various saxitoxins in a range of benthic organisms, with the common sunstar (Crossaster papposus) demonstrating high concentrations of saxitoxins. In this study, an extensive sampling program was undertaken across multiple seas surrounding the UK, with 146 starfish and 5 brittlestars of multiple species analysed for STXs. All the common sunstars analysed (n > 70) contained quantifiable levels of STXs, with the total concentrations ranging from 99 to 11,245 µg STX eq/kg. The common sunstars were statistically different in terms of toxin loading to all the other starfish species tested. Two distinct toxic profiles were observed in sunstars, a decarbomylsaxitoxin (dcSTX)-dominant profile which encompassed samples from most of the UK coast and an STX and gonyautoxin2 (GTX2) profile from the North Yorkshire coast of England. Compartmentalisation studies demonstrated that the female gonads exhibited the highest toxin concentrations of all the individual organs tested, with concentrations >40,000 µg STX eq/kg in one sample. All the sunstars, male or female, exhibited the presence of STXs in the skin, digestive glands and gonads. This study highlights that the common sunstar ubiquitously contains STXs, independent of the geographical location around the UK and often at concentrations many times higher than the current regulatory limits for STXs in molluscs; therefore, the common sunstar should be considered toxic hereafter.

The Balmoral Field, Block 16/21, UK North Sea

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Tonkin ◽  
A. R. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Reservoir Pressure ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Submarine Fan ◽  
The North ◽  
Recoverable Reserves ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Structural High ◽  
Northeast Coast

AbstractThe Balmoral oilfield operated by Sun Oil Britain Ltd, lies within UK blocks 16/21 b and 16/21c, 140 miles off the northeast coast of Scotland. The field was discovered by the drilling of well 16/21-1 in 1975. Andrew Formation sandstones of Late Palaeocene age form the reservoir, which is sealed by Lista Formation claystones. The sandstones are of submarine fan origin sourced from the north and west of the area. The trap is structural, formed by the differential compaction of Tertiary sediments over a Palaeozoic structural high.The upper section of the reservoir consists of two units of consolidated sandstone (units U and M) of channel-fill origin separated by a channel abandonment claystone (unit SI). Porosities for these sandstone units range from 17-28% and permeabilities are up to 3300 md. The lower section of the reservoir consists of friable sandstones (Unit F), characterized by grain-coating clays which have prevented consolidation. This unit is mainly of submarine fan lobe origin. Porosities range from 20-28% and permeabilities are up to 700 md.Balmoral came on stream in November 1986. Recoverable reserves are estimated to be 68 MMBBL of undersaturated 39.9° API oil, and annual production remains at the 35 000 BOPD plateau rate.The oil is produced from 12 wells with reservoir pressure maintained by the injection of water through a further six wells. These are all tied into a floating production vessel (FPV), the first such purpose-built production facility to be used in the North Sea. Production in Balmoral is expected to continue until the year 2001.

Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum Cobbold, 1858 (Diphyllobothriidea) from common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu) from the Texas Gulf coast, USA

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4379 (3) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
SOPHIA M. SÁNCHEZ ◽  
LIAT Y. GOLDSTEIN ◽  
NORMAN O. DRONEN
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Harbor Porpoise ◽  
Pilot Whale ◽  
The North ◽  
Common Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
The North Sea

Cobbold (1858) established Diphyllobothrium Cobbold, 1858 with the description of Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum Cobbold, 1858 from the common harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus) (Phocoenidae), from the North Sea off Scotland. Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum typically has been reported from a number of Phocoenidae and Delphinidae hosts from a variety of localities: common harbor porpoise from the northern Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea and Black sea (e.g. Cobbold, 1858; Delyamure 1955; Delyamure 1968; Delyamure 1971; Delyamure et al. 1985; Anderson, 1987); bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu), from the Gulf of Mexico (Ward & Collins 1959), the Black sea (Delyamure et al. 1985); common harbor porpoise off Newfoundland (Brattey & Stenson 1995), the Black Sea (Krivokhizin & Birkun 1994 [see Yera et al. 2008]), off Denmark (Herreras et al. 1997); long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas [Traill], North Atlantic off Faroe Island (Balbuena & Raga 1993); Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus [Gray], off Massachusetts (Olson & Caira 1999). 

scholarly journals Plankton Production Between the Yorkshire Coast and the Dogger Bank, 1933–1939

1944 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Wimpenny
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Dogger Bank ◽  
The North ◽  
Plankton Production ◽  
Net Method ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Glass Cell ◽  
Consistent Picture ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Between March 1933 and June 19391 a series of vertical hauls with a plankton net has been made at a line of six stations 12 miles apart, the first lying off Flamborough Head and the last on the south-west patch of the Dogger Bank. This line was usually visited at monthly intervals, the net used being of the Hensen type fitted with bolting silk of 60 meshes to the inch and hauled to the surface by the counter-weight device introduced by Buchanan-Wollaston (1911). Hensen (1887) worked out a filtration coefficient for his net, and when this was applied to the dimensions of the one in use and the depth through which the vertical hauls were made, it was possible to express the catch in numbers per cubic metre of sea water. It was also possible to give the individual catches by weight, and it may not be without interest to observe, before passing on to deal with numbers, that the dry weights taken in 1936 varied between 0.2600 g. per m.3 in August and 0.0015 in February.Although the net method of estimating plankton has often been decried as unreliable, Hensen net results have always given a consistent picture of relative plankton densities in the North Sea. Confidence arising from this consistency has not been lessened by a comparison of the net and sedimentation methods which has been made in respect of the May 1938 samples.The sedimentation method consists in counting the entire deposit of microplankton which has settled on the floor of a glass cell containing a known volume of sea water.

scholarly journals Mind the gaps: a state-space model for analysing the dynamics of North Sea herring spawning components

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1939-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Payne
Keyword(s):  
State Space ◽  
North Sea ◽  
State Space Model ◽  
Missing Observations ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Space Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Abundance Indices ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Payne, M. R. 2010. Mind the gaps: a state-space model for analysing the dynamics of North Sea herring spawning components. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1939–1947. The North Sea autumn-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) stock consists of a set of different spawning components. The dynamics of the entire stock have been well characterized, but although time-series of larval abundance indices are available for the individual components, study of the dynamics at the component level has historically been hampered by missing observations and high sampling noise. A simple state-space statistical model is developed that is robust to these problems, gives a good fit to the data, and proves capable of both handling and predicting missing observations well. Furthermore, the sum of the fitted abundance indices across all components proves an excellent proxy for the biomass of the total stock, even though the model utilizes information at the individual-component level. The Orkney–Shetland component appears to have recovered faster from historic depletion events than the other components, whereas the Downs component has been the slowest. These differences give rise to changes in stock composition, which are shown to vary widely within a relatively short time. The modelling framework provides a valuable tool for studying and monitoring the dynamics of the individual components of the North Sea herring stock.

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