scholarly journals Genetic, chemical, and physical predispositions of new maize inbred lines and hybrids with efficient photosynthesis

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Cedomir Radenovic ◽  
Milomir Filipovic ◽  
Milica Radosavljevic ◽  
Zivota Jovanovic ◽  
Zeljko Kaitovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

This study confirmed our hypothesis that new maize inbred lines and hybrids derived from them had a dominant property of an efficient photosynthetic model. This property is successfully used in breeding programmes, modern technologies of the seed, and commercial maize production. This statement is supported by the results displayed on the erect position of the top leaves of new maize inbred lines and photosynthetic and florescence parameters: the change of the delayed chlorophyll fluorescence intensity during its course and dynamics, the Arrhenius criterion for the determination of critical temperatures (phase transition temperatures) and the activation energies, as a measure of conformational changes in chloroplasts and the thylakoid membrane. Furthermore, a grain structure including its physical and chemical parameters of new maize inbred lines and hybrids was analysed in the present study. In addition, relevant breeding, seed production and technological traits, properties and parameters of new maize inbred lines and maize hybrids were observed in the present study. The overall presented results show that properties of new inbred lines and maize hybrids are based on the nature of conformational and functional changes that occur in their chloroplasts and thylakoid membranes, as well as, on progressive effects in modern breeding, contemporary hybrid seed production, and the commercial maize production.

scholarly journals Significant biophysical and genetic properties of maize inbred lines and hybrids with erect top leaves

2010 ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Cedomir Radenovic ◽  
Milomir Filipovic ◽  
Mile Secanski ◽  
Milica Radosavljevic ◽  
Zoran Camdzija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study confirms the hypothesis that there are elite maize inbred lines and hybrids with erect top leaves, which have a dominant property of an efficient photosynthetic and fluorescent model that is successfully used in modern breeding programmes and the production hybrid seed and commercial maize. This statement is supported by the displayed results on the erect top leaves, the dynamics of grain dry-down during the maturation period and photosynthetic and florescence parameters: the temperature dependence of the delayed chlorophyll fluorescence intensity, the Arrhenius criterion for the determination of critical temperatures (phase transition temperatures) and the activation energies. The presented results show that properties of observed maize inbreds and their hybrids are based on the nature of conformational and functional changes that occur in their thylakoid membranes and other chemical tissues structures of grain and intact leaves, as well as, on positive effects in maize breeding. Moreover, other relevant significant breeding and seed production properties (commercial maize quality over grain structure, physical and chemical parameters) of maize inbred lines and their hybrids were analyzed in the present study.

scholarly journals Actual prestigious properties of maize inbred lines: A good initial basis for the efficient development of new and yielding maize hybrids

Genetika ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedomir Radenovic ◽  
Milomir Filipovic ◽  
Milosav Babic ◽  
Goran Stankovic ◽  
Aleksandar Radojcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Status ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Delayed Fluorescence ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Dry Down

This study conforms our hypothesis that there are elite maize inbred lines, which can be considered actual and prestigious as they have not only a property of the water status and a greater grain dry down rate during the maturation period, but also a property of the efficient photosynthetic-fluorescence model that is successfully used in the contemporary processes of breeding, and thereby in the development of new and yielding maize hybrids. Presented results obtained on the dynamics of grain dry down during the maturation period and on photosynthetic-fluorescence parameters (temperature dependence of the chlorophyll delayed fluorescence intensity, the Arrhenius plot for the determination of critical temperatures, i.e. phase transition temperatures and the activation energy) show that properties of the observed inbreeds are based on effects and nature of conformational and functional changes occurring in their thylakoid membranes and other chemical structures of grain tissues. Summarized results of studies on actual and prestigious properties of maize inbreeds will contribute to more exact, rational and expeditious proceedings of contemporary processes of breeding.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic properties of elite erect leaf maize inbred lines and their contribution to seed production improvement

2004 ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedomir Radenovic ◽  
Zdravko Hojka ◽  
Dragojlo Selakovic ◽  
Miroljub Misovic ◽  
Milovan Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Production Improvement ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties ◽  
Erect Leaf

A hypothesis that elite erect leaf maize inbred lines are characterized by properties of an efficient photo-model and that as such are very desirable in increasing the number of plants per unit area (plant density) in the process of seed production has been confirmed in the present study. The properties of the observed elite erect leaf maize inbred lines were based on the effects and characteristics of thermal processes of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence occurring in their thylakoid membranes. The temperature dependence of the delayed chlorophyll fluorescence intensity, the Arrhenius plot for the determination of phase transitions (critical temperatures) and activation energy are the principal parameters of the thermal processes. Based on the obtained results on photosynthetic properties it was also possible to estimate the tolerance and adaptation of elite erect leaf maize inbred lines to high temperatures and drought.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic properties of erect leaf maize inbred lines as the efficient photo-model in breeding and seed production

Genetika ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedomir Radenovic ◽  
Milosav Babic ◽  
Nenad Delic ◽  
Zdravko Hojka ◽  
Goran Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Thylakoid Membranes ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties ◽  
Erect Leaf

The initial idea of this study was a hypothesis that erect leaf maize inbred lines were characterized by properties of an efficient photo-model and that as such were very desirable in increasing the number of plants per area unit (plant density) in the process of contemporary selection and seed production. The application of a non-invasive bioluminescence-photosynthetic method, suitable for the efficiency estimation of the photo-model, verified the hypothesis. Obtained photosynthetic properties of observed erect leaf maize inbred lines were based on the effects and characteristics of thermal processes of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence occurring in their thylakoid membranes. The temperature dependence of the delayed chlorophyll fluorescence intensity phase transitions (critical temperatures) in the thylakoid membranes and activation energy are the principal parameters of the thermal processes. Based on obtained photosynthetic properties it is possible to select erect leaf maize inbred lines that are resistant and tolerant to high and very high temperatures, as well as, to drought. They could be good and efficient photo-models wherewith.

scholarly journals Vulnerability of U.S. Maize Germ Plasm to Phaeosphaeria Leaf Spot

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
Parental Inbred ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
The U.S

Phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS) is a potentially important maize disease that has recently appeared in the continental United States in winter breeding nurseries in southern Florida. To better predict the potential of this newly introduced disease to inflict damage on the U.S. maize crop, 64 public and private inbred lines and 80 proprietary commercial maize hybrids representing the genetic diversity in the U.S. maize crop were evaluated for resistance to PLS in the 1996-97 and 1997-98 winter nursery seasons. Plots were evaluated for PLS severity (0 to 9 scale) at the early to mid dent stages of kernel development. Relatively few hybrids or inbreds were free from PLS at this growth stage. Inbred lines related to B73 were particularly susceptible to PLS. Relatively few commercial hybrids were as severely diseased as a susceptible check hybrid, indicating that U.S. maize production is not particularly vulnerable to damage from PLS at this time. However, the susceptibility of several widely used parental inbred lines makes PLS a potential concern to the seed industry should it become established in areas of hybrid seed production.

scholarly journals High-yielding and chemically enriched maize hybrids bred in Serbia: The best basis for super quality feed and food

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-147
Author(s):  
Čedomir Radenović ◽  
Nenad Delić ◽  
Milica Radosavljević ◽  
Života Jovanović ◽  
Mile Sečanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Yellow Pigments

Introduction/purpose: This paper presents the results of several different research studies. The inbred lines ZPPL 146 and ZPPL 159 and the maize hybrids ZP 633, ZP 735, and ZP 737 are primarily intended for human and livestock nutrition. Their selection took about four decades. Methods: Spectral bands were registered using the method of resonant Raman spectroscopy of the leaves of inbred maize lines. These spectral bands indicate the conformational characteristics of not only carotenoid molecules but also other compounds (phosphate, gluten, and amide III) in the leaf. Results: A systematic examination of the inbred lines ZPPL 146 and ZPPL 159 and their maize hybrids ZP 633, ZP 735, and ZP 737 was performed in this paper. It was stated that the new inbred lines of corn, i.e. ZPPL 146 and ZPPL 159, are rich in carotenoids and yellow pigments. These lines also have significant quantities of other valuable bioactive compounds and good physical characteristics. The lines have an upright position of the top leaves and belong to the group of maize lines with significant characteristics of the photosynthetic model. They are resistant to high temperatures and are drought tolerant. Conclusion: This paper presents the relevant properties, characteristics and parameters of the new studied inbred maize lines that can be used in selection processes in the future. High-yielding and high-quality maize hybrids, i.e. ZP 633, ZP 735, and ZP 737, have been created from the mentioned inbred maize lines. They are recognizable by their qualities. The hybrid ZP633 is especially noteworthy for human consumption (children and the elderly). Further, from the agronomic-veterinary point of view, it is confirmed that the hybrids ZP 735 and ZP 737 are the most suitable for livestock feeding with the programmed use of corn silage. The relevant agronomic, morphological and nutritional properties of the maize hybrids ZP 633, ZP 735, and ZP 737 are also presented in this paper. The results regarding the grain structure and yield height for grain and silage for the hybrids ZP 677 and ZP 684, produced in Serbia and the countries of Southeastern Europe, are also given.

Comparative proteome analysis of drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant maize leaves under osmotic stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-479
Author(s):  
Yuhe Pei ◽  
Jianfen Bai ◽  
Xinmei Guo ◽  
Meiai Zhao ◽  
Qingmei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Peptide Mass Fingerprinting ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Peptide Mass

Drought is a major yield-limiting factor in maize production. Osmotic stress was applied to two maize inbred lines with polyethylene glycol 6000 treatments. Proteins from the leaves were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting at two time points, 24 and 48 h after osmotic stress. Thirty-five proteins were differentially expressed between control and treatment groups in the two maize inbred lines. In ‘Qi319’, a drought-tolerant inbred line, there were five up-regulated proteins at 24 h and 13 up-regulated and one down-regulated protein at 48 h. In drought-sensitive line ‘Zheng58’, 10 proteins were up-regulated at 24 h, while six proteins were up-regulated at 48 h. The 35 proteins were subjected to mass spectrometry and 17 proteins were successfully identified. These proteins were classified into six categories: photosynthesis-related, energy and metabolism, signaling pathways, protein synthesis, defense-related, and unclassified.

Inheritance of the number of ray flowers in sunflower

Helia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (73) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Anatoliy I. Soroka ◽  
Olena A. Boika ◽  
Viktor A. Lyakh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Average Value ◽  
First Case ◽  
Recessive Genes

AbstractThe number, shape, size and color of the sunflower ray flowers are widely used as marker traits in hybrid seed production, for identification of genotypes, in ornamental floriculture. However, there is not enough information about the genetic control of these traits. The inheritance of the number of ray flowers and their absence on inflorescences was studied in cultivated sunflower. In the first case, two inbred lines of mutant origin with a contrasting manifestation of the studied trait were crossed. The F1 hybrid held an intermediate position between the parents, but approached the parental line with a large number of ray flowers. The average value of the number of petals in F2 was close to F1. The study of segregation in F2 showed that the trait “number of ray flowers” is inherited polygenically and controlled by three pairs of non-allelic genes with additive effects. The inheritance of the absence of ray flowers was studied by crossing a line with petals and an apetalous accession. F1 hybrid showed ray flowers, and in F2, segregation close to 42 (with ray flowers): 22 (without ray flowers) was observed. This implies participation of three non-allelic genes in the control of this trait, one of which in a recessive state suppresses the action of two other recessive genes. The revealed patterns of inheritance expand the information in the field of private genetics of sunflower and allow performing more purposeful breeding of this crop.

scholarly journals Grain properties of new inbred lines in comparison with maize hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Valentina Nikolić ◽  
Slađana Žilić ◽  
Milica Radosavljević ◽  
Marijana Simić ◽  
Milomir Filipović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Flour Production ◽  
Grain Properties ◽  
Crude Fibre Content

Grain quality parameters of five new maize inbred lines were investigated and compared with the corresponding properties of two commercial hybrids used in flour production. Kernel of the line L2 had the highest 1000-kernel mass (267.54 g), and line L2 had the highest test mass (844.68 kg m-3 ). The milling response ranged from 9.80 (L2) to 14.03 s (L1). The largest share of the soft fraction of endosperm was determined in L3 (37.13 %), which is slightly lower than in hybrid ZP 633. The highest protein (12.37 %), as well as crude fibre content (2.59 %) was determined in inbred line L4, while the lowest protein was found in the line L2 (9.36 %), and the lowest crude fibre content (1.81 %) was detected in line L3. All tested maize inbred lines were found to be highly prospective for breeding of new hybrids with improved grain quality parameters.

scholarly journals Studies on maize inbred lines susceptibility to herbicides

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidija Stefanovic ◽  
Milena Simic ◽  
Vesna Dragicevic
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

This paper presents the analysis of results obtained during long- term studies on the response of maize inbred lines to herbicides. Under the agroecological conditions of Zemun Polje the response (reaction of maize inbred lines to herbicides of different classes was investigated. Biological tests were performed and some agronomic, morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were determined when the response of maize inbred lines to herbicides was estimated. The use of active ingredients of herbicides from triazine, acetanilide, thiocarbamate to new chemical groups (sulfonylurea etc.), have been resulted in changes in weed suppression and susceptibility of inbred lines. Obtained results show that effects of herbicides on susceptible maize genotypes can be different: they can slowdown the growth and development and affect the plant height; they can also affect the stages of the tassel and ear development and at the end they can reduced grain yield of the tested inbreds. Numerous studies confirmed the existence of differences in susceptibility level of maize genotypes in relation to herbicides. According to gained results the recommendations for growers are made on the possibility of the application of new herbicides in the hybrid seed production.

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