scholarly journals Mycotoxins in maize: Annual variations and the impact of climate change

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Kos ◽  
Elizabet Janic-Hajnal ◽  
Anamarija Mandic ◽  
Olivera Djuragic ◽  
Pavle Jovanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The presence of aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisins (FUMs) was examined in maize samples from the Republic of Serbia. The maize samples were collected during the period 2012-2016, and analyzed every year after harvest using validated Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The obtained results were considered regarding the weather conditions parameters recorded during the investigated maize growing seasons. Significant differences in weather-related parameters recorded in the five-year period resulted in different mycotoxin profiles between the investigated years. Obtained results indicate that the presence of ZEA and DON in maize is characteristic of years with abundant precipitation, while AFs and OTA mainly occur in maize during hot and dry years. Furthermore, FUMs were detected with different contamination frequency in maize samples from every year. Based on the findings obtained in this study, as well as on noted changes in weather conditions in the recent years it could be assumed that maize from Serbia may become susceptible to problems concerning mycotoxins. Therefore, there is a necessity for monitoring and research related to the mycotoxins occurrence in maize from Serbia.

MYCOTOXINS IN BEANS OF PEANUTS GROWN IN TAJIKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Sh. I. Razokov ◽  
◽  
D. M. Mirzoev ◽  
G. P. Kononenko ◽  
A. A. Burkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cyclopiazonic Acid ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Combined Contamination

The article presents the results of an extensive mycotoxicological examination of 11 samples of peanut beans grown in two regions of the Republic of Tajikistan. The determination of 16 mycotoxins was carried out by indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using commercial and certified research test systems. It has been established that for peanut beans in this area, a combined contamination by a group of sanitary-significant mycotoxins, including diacetoxyscirpenol, alternariol, ochratoxin A, PR-toxin and cyclopiazonic acid, is characteristic. The prospects of further research and the practical significance of the results are discussed.

LAND RECLAMATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) IN THE CONDITIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
M. I. LOSKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Group Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Supply ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The current state of agricultural land reclamation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), its role in agricultural production of the republic, taking into account the impact of climate change on irrigation facilities, is considered. It has been established that at present in the sphere of public administration in the field of land reclamation in the republic there are estuary irrigation systems, drainage systems and agricultural water supply facilities, as well as group water pipelines for water supply of rural settlements and irrigation of agricultural land.

Development of a quantitative and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for ochratoxin A using antibodies from the yolk of the laying hen

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1784-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Clarke ◽  
R. R. Marquardt ◽  
A. Oosterveld ◽  
A. A. Frohlich ◽  
F. J. Madrid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

scholarly journals Mycotoxins as a risk in the grain food

2009 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Matic ◽  
Jasna Mastilovic ◽  
Ivana Cabarkapa ◽  
Anamarija Mandic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grain Foods

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that contaminate a large variety of foods and have toxic effects on humans. The best protection against mycotoxins is to monitor their presence in food. This paper shows the screening results of mycotoxins present in 76 samples of different groups of grain foods. Samples of grain food were analyzed for contamination with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, fumonisins and deoxynivalenol. Analysis were conducted using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). None of the samples was contaminated with aflatoxins. The most predominant mycotoxin was ochratoxin A with the mean level of 4.84 ? 4.49 ppb in 19.7% of the examined samples. Zearalenone, fumonisins, and deoxynivalenol were found in 9.21, 14.5 and 3.9% of the samples, respectively. Mycotoxin content in the investigated samples was compared with the regulations of Serbia and those of the European Union.

scholarly journals Impact of recent climate extremes on mosquito-borne disease transmission in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009182
Author(s):  
Cameron Nosrat ◽  
Jonathan Altamirano ◽  
Assaf Anyamba ◽  
Jamie M. Caldwell ◽  
Richard Damoah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Extreme Climate Events ◽  
Extreme Climate ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Climate Events ◽  
The Impact

Climate change and variability influence temperature and rainfall, which impact vector abundance and the dynamics of vector-borne disease transmission. Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events. Mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue fever, are primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Freshwater availability and temperature affect dengue vector populations via a variety of biological processes and thus influence the ability of mosquitoes to effectively transmit disease. However, the effect of droughts, floods, heat waves, and cold waves is not well understood. Using vector, climate, and dengue disease data collected between 2013 and 2019 in Kenya, this retrospective cohort study aims to elucidate the impact of extreme rainfall and temperature on mosquito abundance and the risk of arboviral infections. To define extreme periods of rainfall and land surface temperature (LST), we calculated monthly anomalies as deviations from long-term means (1983–2019 for rainfall, 2000–2019 for LST) across four study locations in Kenya. We classified extreme climate events as the upper and lower 10% of these calculated LST or rainfall deviations. Monthly Ae. aegypti abundance was recorded in Kenya using four trapping methods. Blood samples were also collected from children with febrile illness presenting to four field sites and tested for dengue virus using an IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found that mosquito eggs and adults were significantly more abundant one month following an abnormally wet month. The relationship between mosquito abundance and dengue risk follows a non-linear association. Our findings suggest that early warnings and targeted interventions during periods of abnormal rainfall and temperature, especially flooding, can potentially contribute to reductions in risk of viral transmission.

scholarly journals Regional assessment of climate risks using GIS technologies (on the example of the Belgorod Region)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Yuri Chendev ◽  
Maria Lebedeva ◽  
Olga Krymskaya ◽  
Maria Petina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing climate change requires a quantitative assessment of the impact of weather conditions on the nature and livelihoods of the population. However, to date, the concept of “climate risk” has not been finally defined, and the corresponding terminology is not universally recognized. One manifestation of climate change is an increase in climate variability and extremeness in many regions. At the same time, modern statistics indicate growing worldwide damage from dangerous weather and climate events. The most widely used in climate services is the concept of “Vulnerability index”, which reflects a combination (with or without weighing) of several indicators that indicate the potential damage that climate change can cause to a particular sector of the economy. development of adaptation measures to ensure sustainable development of territories. The main criterion for the vulnerability of the territory from the point of view of meteorological parameters is the extremeness of the basic values: daily air temperature, daily precipitation, maximum wind speed. To fully take into account the possible impacts of extreme climatic conditions on the region’s economy, it is necessary to detail the weather and climate risks taking into account the entire observation network, since significant differences in quantitative assessment are possible. The obtained average regional values of the climate vulnerability indices for the Belgorod Region of the Russian Federation provide 150 points for the winter period, 330 points for the summer season, which indicates the prevalence of extreme weather conditions in the warm season. Most of the territory has a relative influence on climatic phenomena, with the exception of the East and the Southeast Region. Moreover, the eastern part of the region is the most vulnerable in climatic terms.

scholarly journals Aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic moulds and their toxins in tree nuts on Serbian market

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Irena Rakic ◽  
Gordana Dimic ◽  
Marija Skrinjar ◽  
Suncica Kocic-Tanackov
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tree Nuts

In this study, moulds and mycotoxins presence in different tree nuts were investigated. The results showed that all of the 25 samples were contaminated with moulds. Mean values of total mould count varied from 1-4.9 cfu per grain. The most frequent species in hazelnut samples were Rhizopus oryzae (32.2%) and Aspergillus niger (28.9%). In walnuts A. niger (75.6%), in cashews also A. niger (42.4%) while in pistachio samples Alternaria alternata (20.7%), and Cladosporium cladosporioides (20.7%) were the most dominant. Rhizopus oligosporus was the only identified species in all almond samples (100%). Using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), the presence of total aflatoxins and ochratoxin A was examinated. In all analyzed samples, levels of ochratoxin A were below the limit of detection. Total aflatoxins were detected only in walnut samples with average concentration of 7.1 ?g/kg.

scholarly journals The Potential Impact of Climate Change on Oat Lodging in the UK and Republic of Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mohammadi ◽  
John Finnan ◽  
Chris Baker ◽  
Mark Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Double Exponential ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact that climate change may have on the lodging of oats in the Republic of Ireland and the UK. Through the consideration of a novel lodging model representing the motion of an oat plant due to the interaction of wind and rain and integrating future predictions of wind and rainfall due to climate change, appropriate conclusions have been made. In order to provide meteorological data for the lodging model, wind and rainfall inputs are analysed using 30 years’ time series corresponding to peak lodging months (June and July) from 38 meteorological stations in the United Kingdom and the Irish Republic, which enables the relevant probability density functions (PDFs) to be established. Moreover, climate data for the next six decades in the British Isles produced by UK climate change projections (UKCP18) are analysed, and future wind and rainfall PDFs are obtained. It is observed that the predicted changes likely to occur during the key growing period (June to July) in the next 30 years are in keeping with variations, which can occur due to different husbandry treatments/plant varieties. In addition, the utility of a double exponential function for representing the rainfall probability has been observed with appropriate values for the constants given.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document