Challenging Essentialist Discourses on Children's Self-Identities: ‘The Child’ in Cultural Radicalism and Revolutionary Practices in Sweden in the 1960s and 1970s

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-282
Author(s):  
Kajsa Ohrlander
Keyword(s):  
Left Action ◽  
Action Group ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Child Subject

This article tries to understand, by using some poststructural tools, practices with children that were performed by a Left action group in Sweden in the 1960s and 1970s. Modernist resistance discourses of enlightenment and liberation from obedience, silence and innocence can be seen as being produced, together with postmodern acts of unfolding and deconstructing a unified and essentialist child subject. It finds those non-essential child subjects created in the unpredictable dramaturgy of happenings and actions, and in the decentred spread of talks, tasks and modes of addressing. It makes the point that by analysing how new discourses of childhood were lived out, acted on and performed rather than found in ideological debates, it is possible to add new understandings of changes in child discourses in the 1970s. The article stresses the open-endedness of those practices, and their relation to the creation of new rooms and spaces. It suggests something of a paradox: that the moving and changing of child subjectivities was produced within practices where collectivity was the priority.

The Formation of the Soviet Bloc's Council for Mutual Economic Assistance: Romania's Involvement

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dragomir
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Mutual Economic ◽  
Mutual Economic Assistance ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

This article discusses Romania's role in the creation of the Soviet bloc's Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) in January 1949. The article explains why Romanian leaders, with Soviet approval, proposed the creation of the CMEA and why the proposal was adopted. An analysis of Romania's support for the creation of the CMEA sheds interesting light on the stance taken by Romania in the 1960s and 1970s against the Soviet Union's attempts to use the CMEA in forging a supranational division of labor in the Soviet bloc. Romania's opposition was largely in accord with the objectives originally envisaged by Romanian leaders when the CMEA was formed.

scholarly journals Speculation over the Love for Rock Music. Media Constructions of Groupies Between the 1960s and 1970s

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Karolina Karbownik
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Rock Music ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Media Constructions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Media Narratives

The music media have constructed the identity of groupies as sexual and passive objects, submissive, inauthentic consumers of music. The stereotype, although still present in popular culture, is criticized by both the interested parties and rock artists. This article is an attempt to discuss the role that groupies played in the creation of the myth and character of the rock god, while taking into account the preconceived assumptions held by the popular media. Narratives of groupies’ participation in the emerging rock and metal scene have also been included as the ones which created a male rock musician identity: wild, aggressive and powerful. The basis for the discussion of groupies and their role in building identity in the context of rock music is the result of a deep, rhetorical analysis of groupies’ biographies, press materials, films, scientific literature and own research.

scholarly journals Neuropathology in Canada: The First One Hundred Years

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc R. Del Bigio ◽  
N. Barry Rewcastle
Keyword(s):  
Royal College ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Clinical Neuroscience ◽  
Anatomic Pathology ◽  
Major Period ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Certifying Examination ◽  
William Osler

AbstractWe describe the evolution of neuropathology in Canada, beginning with William Osler who began working in Montréal in 1874 and finishing with the major period of expansion in the 1970s. Organized services began in the 1930s, in Montréal with the neurosurgeons Wilder Penfield and William Cone, and in Toronto with Eric Linell and Mary Tom, who both began their careers as neuroanatomists. Jerzy Olszewski and Gordon Mathieson, who trained in Montréal and Toronto, drove the creation of the CanadianAssociation of Neuropathologists in 1960. Training guided by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada was formalized in 1965, with the first certifying examination in 1968 and the subsequent creation of formal structured training programs. The number of neuropathologists in Canada increased rapidly through the 1960s and 1970s, with individuals coming from both clinical neuroscience and anatomic pathology backgrounds, a pattern that persists to the present day.

‘A magnificent business prospect . . .’ the Coase theorem, the extortion problem, and the creation of Coase theorem worlds

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN G. MEDEMA
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Coase Theorem ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractThe Coase theorem, circa the 1970s, had no settled meaning or content; instead, that meaning and content was created – and in differing ways – by the modeling choices of scholars who attempted to grapple with and assess the proposition that Coase had laid out in 1960. These modeling decisions included both the theoretical frameworks laid onto the theorem and the assumptions (including meanings ascribed thereto) said to underlie it. The present article illustrates this using the 1960s and 1970s extortion debate as a backdrop, showing how conclusions reached regarding the theorem's validity hinged on the Coase theorem worlds created by the authors involved.

scholarly journals Background of the Theory of Three Stages of the Migration Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
L. Rybakovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk

The evolution of views on the migration of the population as a single whole, representing not only the territorial movement, but also including the necessary actions and actions preceding this resettlement and its completion is cosidered. The emergence of these views, transformed into a theory of the three stages of the migration process, refers to the last decades of the nineteenth century. They were voiced almost simultaneously in the UK and in Russia. The revival of the theory of the three stages of the migration process under Soviet conditions dates back to the 60s of the 20th century. At first, the development of migration thought went on its own in three directions. The study of migration flows, their geography, structure, and methods of measurement was carried out most extensively. The next direction in the study of population migration is associated with the rapid development in those years of sociological theory, which found its refraction in the migration sphere, which allowed the creation of a theory of migratory behavior at the junction of the 1960s and 1970s. The third direction of the formation of the theory of the three stages of the migration process was research on the survival of new settlers in places of introduction and the associated creation there of a permanent population. The combination of research results in these three areas made it possible to formulate the main theses of the theory of the three stages of the migration process. The article shows that the migration process consists of three parts, one of which precedes the act of resettlement, the second represents the actual migration of the population and the third occurs immediately after the completion of the act of resettlement in places where migrants migrate. Mobility, migration itself, as well as adaptation, are all consistently linked stages of a single process. The contribution of Russian scientists to the creation of this theory and the differences that are encountered in contemporary literature in the interpretation of individual stages of the migration process are shown in the work.

scholarly journals Estratégias das Apaes federadas para impactar a educação e assistência dos excepcionais no Brasil: Uma análise histórica entre os anos de 1960 e 1970

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Giovani Ferreira Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Military

This text discusses strategies mobilized by Apaean leaders in their work in the field of exceptionality, with a view to obtaining public attention, political power and financial resources from the Brazilian federal government before the creation of the National Center for Special Education (Cenesp), in 1973. Historical and documentary research is used, compiling the data through legislation and documents issued by the government, newspapers of general circulation, edited during the 1960s and 1970s, as well as copies of the periodical Mensagem da Apae from 1963 to 1973. It was evident that the Apaean leaders acted with the power established during the military governments installed after 1964, expanding their network of influences and having some government support. Based on national and international contingencies designed in the early 1970s, the creation of Cenesp established a new dynamic in the field of Special Education, which became officially designated and institutionalized, directed and regulated by the federal government, although private-philanthropic interference in the direction of this educational modality has not ceased.

Early Missionaries and the Ethnolinguistic Factor During the ‘Invention of Tribalism’ in Zimbabwe

1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Chimhundu
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
The North ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Research Scholarship ◽  
Colonial Experience ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
The 1960S

There is evidence from across the disciplines that at least some of the contemporary regional names of African tribes, dialects and languages are fairly recent inventions in historical terms. This article offers some evidence from Zimbabwe to show that missionary linguistic politics were an important factor in this process. The South African linguist Clement Doke was brought in to resolve conflicts about the orthography of Shona. His Report on the Unification of the Shona Dialects (1931) shows how the language politics of the Christian denominations, which were also the factions within the umbrella organization the Southern Rhodesia Missionary Conference, contributed quite significantly to the creation and promotion of Zezuru, Karanga and Manyika as the main groupings of dialects in the central area which Doke later accommodated in a unified orthography of a unified language that was given the name Shona. While vocabulary from Ndau was to be incorporated, words from the Korekore group in the north were to be discouraged, and Kalanga in the West was allowed to be subsumed under Ndebele.Writing about sixty years later, Ranger focusses more closely on the Manyika and takes his discussion to the 1940s, but he also mentions that the Rhodesian Front government of the 1960s and 1970s deliberately incited tribalism between the Shona and the Ndebele, while at the same time magnifying the differences between the regional divisions of the Shona, which were, in turn, played against one another as constituent clans. It would appear then that, for the indigenous Africans, the price of Christianity, Western education and a new perception of language unity was the creation of regional ethnic identities that were at least potentially antagonistic and open to political manipulation.Through many decades of rather unnecessary intellectual justification, and as a result of the collective colonial experience through the churches, the schools and the workplaces, these imposed identities, and the myths and sentiments that are associated with them, have become fixed in the collective mind of Africa, and the modern nation states of the continent now seem to be stuck with them. Missionaries played a very significant role in creating this scenario because they were mainly responsible for fixing the ethnolinguistic maps of the African colonies during the early phase of European occupation. To a significant degree, these maps have remained intact and have continued to influence African research scholarship.

scholarly journals Enclaves ethniques et stratégies résidentielles des Juifs à Toronto et Montréal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 83-114
Author(s):  
Yolande Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
French Language ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Nous Permet ◽  
Jewish Schools ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Early Establishment

This paper explores the residential strategies developed by different waves of Jewish migrants in Toronto and Montreal since their early establishment in Canada. Tracking the creation of synagogues and centres of worship, as well as Jewish schools, allows us to evaluate their impact on the urban landscape. Where and how were these enclaves built? What were the strategies that have prevailed with each new wave of immigrants to incorporate their culture within these particular landscapes? Whereas religious and ethnic affiliations were essential expressions of identity in those enclaves, French language became the dominant factor of integration for Moroccan Jews in Quebec during the 1960s and 1970s. The paradox of their establishment in the 1960s is that even though most of them spoke French and founded their schools and main institutions in that language, they chose to live within established Jewish enclaves, which were multi-ethnic and anglophone. Did religion trump language?Cet article explore les stratégies résidentielles développées par différentes vagues de migrants juifs à Toronto et à Montréal depuis leur établissement initial au Canada. Suivre la création de synagogues et de centres de culte, ainsi que les écoles juives, nous permet d’évaluer leur impact sur le paysage urbain. Où et comment ces enclaves ont-elles été construites ? Quelles ont été les stratégies qui ont prévalu à chaque nouvelle vague d’immigrants pour intégrer leur culture dans ces paysages particuliers ? Alors que les affiliations religieuses et ethniques étaient des expressions essentielles de l’identité dans ces enclaves, la langue française est devenue le premier facteur de l’intégration des Juifs marocains au Québec dans les années 1960 et 1970. Le paradoxe de leur établissement dans les années 1960 est que, même si la plupart d’entre eux parlaient français et ont fondé leurs écoles et leurs principales institutions dans cette langue, ils ont choisi de vivre au sein des enclaves juives, qui étaient multiethniques et anglophones. La religion a-t-elle pris le pas sur la langue ?

Prehistory of the British Crystallographic Association

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
D. Blow ◽  
S. Wallwork
Keyword(s):  
Financial Problems ◽  
Crystallographic Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
New Association ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

Development of a unified organization for British crystallographers was hindered, especially during the 1960s and 1970s, because of the separation of crystallographic groups for physicists and chemists. This was due partly to loyalties to different parent societies and partly to associated financial problems. The British Crystallographic Association was eventually formed by the creation of groups that were affiliated jointly to the parent societies and to the new Association. Founder Members and industrial Founder Sponsors made the Association financially viable, and it is now one of the largest crystallographic societies in the world.

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