scholarly journals Background of the Theory of Three Stages of the Migration Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
L. Rybakovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk

The evolution of views on the migration of the population as a single whole, representing not only the territorial movement, but also including the necessary actions and actions preceding this resettlement and its completion is cosidered. The emergence of these views, transformed into a theory of the three stages of the migration process, refers to the last decades of the nineteenth century. They were voiced almost simultaneously in the UK and in Russia. The revival of the theory of the three stages of the migration process under Soviet conditions dates back to the 60s of the 20th century. At first, the development of migration thought went on its own in three directions. The study of migration flows, their geography, structure, and methods of measurement was carried out most extensively. The next direction in the study of population migration is associated with the rapid development in those years of sociological theory, which found its refraction in the migration sphere, which allowed the creation of a theory of migratory behavior at the junction of the 1960s and 1970s. The third direction of the formation of the theory of the three stages of the migration process was research on the survival of new settlers in places of introduction and the associated creation there of a permanent population. The combination of research results in these three areas made it possible to formulate the main theses of the theory of the three stages of the migration process. The article shows that the migration process consists of three parts, one of which precedes the act of resettlement, the second represents the actual migration of the population and the third occurs immediately after the completion of the act of resettlement in places where migrants migrate. Mobility, migration itself, as well as adaptation, are all consistently linked stages of a single process. The contribution of Russian scientists to the creation of this theory and the differences that are encountered in contemporary literature in the interpretation of individual stages of the migration process are shown in the work.

scholarly journals Sexualidad y disidencia en la obra de Fernando Arrabal

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 535-554
Author(s):  
Domingo Pujante González
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
The Third ◽  
De Se ◽  
Fernando Arrabal ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

En este artículo pretendemos analizar la presencia y la importancia de las sexualidades no normativas, o que escapan a la función reproductora, en la obra de Fernando Arrabal, autor español, nacido en Melilla en 1932, “desterrado” en París, donde vive desde 1955. El trabajo está dividido en tres partes: en la primera, expondremos la relación que existe entre Eros y Thanatos para dilucidar las relaciones que se establecen entre erotismo y pulsión de muerte, entre amor y sufrimiento en su obra; en la segunda parte, abordaremos el Deseo homosexual para exponer los aspectos narcisistas y sadomasoquistas del mismo que aparecen en la creación arrabaliana; en la última parte, titulada Placeres fálicos, nos centraremos en ciertas prácticas sexuales como la masturbación o la felación para mostrar el valor simbólico y “pánico” que adquieren en la producción del autor. Constataremos que Arrabal, como autor comprometido, pretende desprenderse de la represión que los regímenes autoritarios ejercen sobre las personas que expresan una sexualidad disidente. Para ilustrar nuestra tesis, nos serviremos principalmente de obras “pánicas” de los años 1960 y 1970. In this article, we aim to analyse the presence and the importance of non-normative sexualities, those which escape the reproductive function, in Fernando Arrabal’s work, a Spanish author, born in Melilla in 1932, exiled in Paris where he has lived since 1955. The work is divided into three parts: first, we will expose the existing link between Eros and Thanatos in order to elucidate the association that is established between eroticism and death pulsion, and between love and suffering in his work; then, we will approach the Homosexual Desire in order to expose the narcissistic and sadomasochistic aspects of this fascination which appear in Arrabal’s creation; finally, in the third part entitled Phallic Pleasures, we will focus on some sexual practices such as masturbation and fellatio to show the symbolic and “panic” value that they acquire in the creation of the author. Thus, we will prove that Arrabal, as a committed author, is trying to get rid of the repression that authoritarian regimes exert on people expressing dissident sexuality. To illustrate our remarks, we will mainly use “panic” works from the 1960s and 1970s. Dans cet article, nous envisageons d’analyser la présence et l’importance des sexualités non normatives, celles qui échappent à la fonction reproductrice, dans l’œuvre de Fernando Arrabal, auteur espagnol, né à Melilla en 1932, exilé à Paris où il habite depuis 1955. Le travail est divisé en trois parties: d’abord, nous exposerons le lien existant entre Eros et Thanatos afin d’élucider les relations qui s’établissent entre l’érotisme et la pulsion de mort, entre l’amour et la souffrance dans son œuvre; ensuite, nous aborderons le Désir homosexuel en vue d’exposer les aspects narcissiques et sadomasochistes de cette fascination qui apparaissent dans la création arrabalienne; enfin, dans la troisième partie intitulée Plaisirs phalliques, nous nous centrerons sur certaines pratiques sexuelles telles que la masturbation et la fellation pour montrer la valeur symbolique et “panique” qu’elles acquièrent dans la création de l’auteur. Ainsi, nous constaterons qu’Arrabal, en tant qu’auteur engagé, essaie de se débarrasser de la répression que les régimes autoritaires exercent sur les personnes exprimant une sexualité dissidente. Pour illustrer nos propos, nous nous servirons essentiellement des œuvres “paniques” des années 1960 et 1970.   

Native Americans and the Third World Strike at UC Berkeley

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
LaNada War Jack
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Third World ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The University

The author reflects on her personal experience as a Native American at UC Berkeley in the 1960s as well as on her activism and important leadership roles in the 1969 Third World Liberation Front student strike, which had as its goal the creation of an interdisciplinary Third World College at the university.

The Formation of the Soviet Bloc's Council for Mutual Economic Assistance: Romania's Involvement

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dragomir
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Mutual Economic ◽  
Mutual Economic Assistance ◽  
The Creation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

This article discusses Romania's role in the creation of the Soviet bloc's Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) in January 1949. The article explains why Romanian leaders, with Soviet approval, proposed the creation of the CMEA and why the proposal was adopted. An analysis of Romania's support for the creation of the CMEA sheds interesting light on the stance taken by Romania in the 1960s and 1970s against the Soviet Union's attempts to use the CMEA in forging a supranational division of labor in the Soviet bloc. Romania's opposition was largely in accord with the objectives originally envisaged by Romanian leaders when the CMEA was formed.

Resisting Closures and Winning Wages in the 1960s and 1970s

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-228
Author(s):  
Jim Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Scottish Parliament ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk

The 1984-85 miners’ strike in defence of collieries, jobs and communities was an unsuccessful attempt to reverse the change in economic direction driven in the UK by Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative governments. The government was committed to removing workforce voice from the industry. Its struggle against the miners was a war against the working class more generally. Mining communities were grievously affected in economic terms by the strike and its aftermath, but in the longer run emerged with renewed solidarity. Gender relations, evolving from the 1960s as employment opportunities for women increased, changed in further progressive ways. This strengthened the longer-term cohesion of mining communities. The strike had a more general and lasting political impact in Scotland. The narrative of a distinct Scottish national commitment to social justice, attacked by a UK government without democratic mandate, drew decisive moral force from the anti-Thatcherite resistance of men and women in the coalfields. This renewed the campaign for a Scottish Parliament, which came to successful fruition in 1999.

Soviet Perspectives and Policies toward Reactionary Regimes in the Developing World

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-263
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Surovell
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
The State ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
The Third ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Third World

In their assessments during the 1960s and 1970s of the state of affairs of Third World “revolutionary democracies” and nations that had taken the “non-capitalist road to development,” the Soviets employed a mode of analysis based on the “correlation of forces.” Given the seeming successes of these “revolutionary democracies” and the appearance of new ones, Moscow was clearly heartened by the apparent tilt in favor of the Soviets and of “progressive” humanity more generally. These apparently positive trends were reflected in Soviet perspectives and policies on the Third World, which focused confidently on such “progressive” regimes. Nonetheless, so-called “reactionary” regimes continued to be a thorn in the side of Soviet policy makers. This study offers a fresh examination of the Soviet analyses of, and policies towards three “reactionary” Third-World regimes: the military dictatorship in Brazil, the Pinochet dictatorship of Chile, and Iran during the reign of the Shah. The article reveals that Soviet decision makers and analysts identified the state sector as the central factor in the “progressive” development of the Third World. Hence the state sector became the focal point for their analyses and the touchstone for Soviet policies; the promotion of the state sector was regarded as a key to the Soviet objective of promoting the “genuine independence” of Third World countries from imperialist domination.

Vietnamese Literature After War and Renovation

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-124
Author(s):  
Rebekah Linh Collins
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Doi Moi ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Vietnamese Literature ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

This article examines the turn to the everyday in contemporary literature from Vietnam by Phan Thị Vàng Anh, Dương Phương Vinh, Nguyễn Ngọc Tư, and other writers born in the 1960s and 1970s. I analyze formal, aesthetic, ethical, and sociopolitical aspects of the literature, distinguishing post-Đổi Mới from Đổi Mới works and suggesting ways to understand the former within local and global comparative literary frameworks.

scholarly journals A ‘ghastly interregnum’: the struggle for architectural heritage conservation in Belfast before 1972

Urban History ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW G. MCCLELLAND
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Industrial Archaeology ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACTThis article explores the creation of the system for the conservation of architectural heritage in Northern Ireland, evidencing the struggle for convergence within the UK before 1972. The agency of networked individuals, close state–civil society interrelationships and the innovative actions of conservationist groups in response to legislative and practice inadequacies in the 1960s are discussed. In particular, a series of ‘pre-statutory lists’ are introduced, highlighting the burgeoning interest in industrial archaeology and Victorian architecture in Belfast and the prompt provided to their creation by redevelopment. The efforts of conservationists were eventually successful after the collapse of Devolution in the early 1970s.

scholarly journals Resistance to Anti-Discrimination Law in Central and Eastern Europe–a Post-Communist Legacy?

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Havelková
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
Antidiscrimination Law ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk

AbstractPost-communist Central and Eastern European ('CEE') legislators and judges have been resistant to equality and antidiscrimination law. This Article argues that these negative attitudes can be explained in part by the specific trajectory that EAL has taken in CEE during and after state socialism, which has differed from Western Europe. In the UK/EU, the formal guarantees of equal treatment and prohibitions of discrimination of the 1960s and 1970s were complemented by a more substantive understanding of equality in the 1990s and 2000s. This development was reversed in CEE—substantive equality, of a certain kind, preceded rather than followed formal equality and antidiscrimination guarantees.The State Socialist concern with equality was real, and yet the project was incomplete in several significant ways. It saw only socio-economic, but not socio-cultural inequalities (relating to dignity, identity or diversity). It was transformative with regards to class, but not other discrimination grounds, especially not gender. While equality was a constitutionally enshrined principle, there was an absence of any corresponding enforceable antidiscrimination right. Finally, the emphasis on the “natural” differences between the sexes meant that sex/gender discrimination was not recognized as conflicting with women's constitutional equality guarantees.

Middlemen in Third-World Corruption: Implications of an Indian Case

1987 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Oldenburg
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Made In

Corruption—like the weather—is a phenomenon people in the third world talk about a great deal, and, it would seem, do little about. Scholars of political change in the third world share this interest, but—although they are usually not expected to deal with corruption itself —they should move beyond the recounting of vivid anecdotes to a more systematic analysis of the problem. Steps in this direction were made in the 1960s and 1970s, but surprisingly little more work has been done since.

scholarly journals ‘Heading up a blind alley’? Scottish psychiatric hospitals in the era of deinstitutionalization

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Long
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Care ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Blind Alley ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Institutional Services ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The City

This article examines Scottish provision of psychiatric care in the 1960s and 1970s. It demonstrates that institutional services did not rapidly disappear across the UK following the Ministry of Health’s decision to shut down psychiatric hospitals in 1961, and highlights Scotland’s distinctive trajectory. Furthermore, it contends that psychiatric hospitals developed new approaches to assist patients in this era, thereby contributing towards the transformation of post-war psychiatric practice. Connecting a discussion of policy with an analysis of provision, it examines the Department of Health for Scotland’s cautious response to the Ministry’s embrace of deinstitutionalization, before analysing Glasgow’s psychiatric provision in the 1970s. At this point the city boasted virtually no community-based services, and relied heavily on its under-resourced and overburdened hospitals. Closer analysis dispels any impression of stagnation, revealing how ideologies of deinstitutionalization transformed institutional care.

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